Mapping tumor habitats in isocitrate dehydrogenase -wild type glioblastoma: Integrating MRI, pathologic, and RNA data from the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project.

Background: The goal of the study was to spatially validate intratumoral subregions (tumor habitat) using physiologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the pathology of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type whole-glioblastoma sample.

Methods: Data from 20 patients (168 slides) were obtained from the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project. On MRI, tumor habitats were defined using voxel-wise clustering of the apparent diffusion coefficient and cerebral blood volume maps for contrast-enhancing lesions (CEL) and non-enhancing lesions (NEL).

Perilesional and homotopic area activation during proverb comprehension after stroke.

Introduction: The mechanism of functional recovery in right hemisphere (RH) stroke patients when attempting to comprehend a proverb has not been identified. We previously reported that there is bilateral hemisphere involvement during proverb comprehension in the normal population. However, the underlying mechanisms of proverb comprehension following a right middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction have not yet been fully elucidated.

Amide proton transfer imaging seems to provide higher diagnostic performance in post-treatment high-grade gliomas than methionine positron emission tomography.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance of amide proton transfer (APT) imaging and 11-C methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) for in vivo molecular imaging of protein metabolism in post-treatment gliomas.

Materials And Methods: This study included 43 patients (12 low and 31 high grade) with post-treatment gliomas who underwent both APT and MET-PET imaging within 3 weeks. APT-weighted voxel values and semi-quantitative tumour-to-normal ratios (TNR) were obtained from tumour portions.

Diffusion radiomics as a diagnostic model for atypical manifestation of primary central nervous system lymphoma: development and multicenter external validation.

Background: Radiomics is a rapidly growing field in neuro-oncology, but studies have been limited to conventional MRI, and external validation is critically lacking. We evaluated technical feasibility, diagnostic performance, and generalizability of a diffusion radiomics model for identifying atypical primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) mimicking glioblastoma.

Methods: A total of 1618 radiomics features were extracted from diffusion and conventional MRI from 112 patients (training set, 70 glioblastomas and 42 PCNSLs).

Improved Diagnostic Accuracy of Alzheimer's Disease by Combining Regional Cortical Thickness and Default Mode Network Functional Connectivity: Validated in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Set.

Objective: To identify potential imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease by combining brain cortical thickness (CThk) and functional connectivity and to validate this model's diagnostic accuracy in a validation set.

Materials And Methods: Data from 98 subjects was retrospectively reviewed, including a study set (n = 63) and a validation set from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (n = 35). From each subject, data for CThk and functional connectivity of the default mode network was extracted from structural T1-weighted and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Neural correlates of Korean proverb processing: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Introduction: The Korean language is based on a syntactic system that is different from other languages. This study investigated the processing area of the Korean proverb in comparison with the literal sentence using functional magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, the effect of opacity and transparency of proverbs on the activation pattern, when familiarity is set to the same condition, was also examined.

Up to 52 administrations of macrocyclic ionic MR contrast agent are not associated with intracranial gadolinium deposition: Multifactorial analysis in 385 patients.

Purpose: To determine whether multiple repeated administrations of gadolinium-based macrocyclic ionic MR contrast agent (MICA) are associated with intracranial gadolinium deposition and identify the predisposing factors for deposition in various clinical situations.

Materials And Methods: In this institutional review board-approved retrospective study, 385 consecutive patients who underwent MICA-enhanced MR imaging were enrolled. The dentate nucleus-to-pons (DN/P) and globus pallidus-to-thalamus (GP/Th) signal intensity (SI) ratios on unenhanced T1-weighted images were recorded by 2 independent readers and averaged.

Differences in dynamic and static functional connectivity between young and elderly healthy adults.

Purpose: Brain connectivity is highly dynamic, but functional connectivity (FC) studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) assume it to be static. This study assessed differences in dynamic FC between young healthy adults (YH) and elderly healthy adults (EH) compared to static FC.

Methods: Using rs-fMRI data from 12 YH and 31 EH, FC was assessed in six functional regions (subcortical, auditory [AUD], sensorimotor [SM], visuospatial [VS], cognitive control [CC], and default mode network [DMN]).

Effects of a combination treatment of KD5040 and -dopa in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Although the dopamine precursor L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine ( -dopa) remains the gold standard pharmacological therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), long-term treatment with this drug has been known to result in several adverse effects, including -dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Recently, our group reported that KD5040, a modified herbal remedy, had neuroprotective effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of PD. Thus, the present study investigated whether KD5040 would have synergistic effects with -dopa and antidyskinetic effects caused by -dopa as well.

Relationship between clinical phenotypes and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Most patients with idiopathic PD (IPD) show variable degrees of cognitive decline. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the predominant motor symptom at the time of disease onset and the level of cognitive function in patients with IPD. A total of 159 patients with IPD were enrolled in this study.

Establishment of an indocyanine green test using an automatic chemistry analyzer.

The indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test has been used to assess the reserve of hepatic function. This method is based on the spectrometric measurement of its plasma concentration at maximum wavelength of 805 nm, which requires a spectrophotometer and associated maintenance. We established an ICG clearance test using a Toshiba 200FR automatic chemistry analyzer that can be tuned to a wavelength of approximately 805 nm.