A Metabolomics Strategy Combining Countercurrent Separation and qNMR for the Comprehensive Chemical Evaluation of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Processing.

Introduction: Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is commonly used in traditional medicine as both raw and processed forms. Raw PMR was prepared into processed PMR via processing procedure; however, there is a lack of standardized protocols ensuring the completeness of processing.

Objective: This aims to develop a strategy based on a metabolomics approach for the comprehensive chemical profiling and comparison of raw and processed PMR and establish a basis for PMR processing standardization.

Evaluating the anticancer potential of Polygonum multiflorum root-derived stilbenes against H2452 malignant pleural mesothelioma cells.

A naturally occurring stilbene, resveratrol, shows promising effects in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) both as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. To discover new anticancer agents targeting MPM, stilbene-targeted isolation was performed on the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., an herbal medicine rich in stilbene compounds.

Endogenous stem cell mobilization and localized immunosuppression synergistically ameliorate DSS-induced Colitis in mice.

Background: Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative for inflammatory diseases and tissue injury treatment. Exogenous delivery of mesenchymal stem cells is associated with instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, mechanical stress during administration, and replicative senescence or change in phenotype during long-term culture in vitro. In this study, we aimed to mobilize endogenous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) using AMD-3100 and provide local immune suppression using FK506, an immunosuppressive drug, for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Serum albumin exposure enhances cell invasiveness and paclitaxel resistance in human neuroblastoma cells, with attenuation by valeriana-type iridoid glycosides.

Neuroblastoma, a prevalent extracranial solid tumor in children, arises from undifferentiated nerve cells. While tumor vasculature, often characterized by increased permeability, influences metastasis and recurrence, the direct impact of blood-borne molecules on tumor progression remains unclear. In the present study, we focused on the effect of exposure to albumin, one of the most abundant proteins in the serum, on human neuroblastoma cells.

Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the genus from 2016 to 2023.

Covering 2016 up to the end of 2023 is the largest genus of flowering plants in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, and comprises about 500 species. Many are commonly cultivated ornamental plants, and some are used as spices or traditional medicine to treat inflammation, hyperlipidemia, and cancers. However, only a few comprehensive reviews have been published on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of this genus, and the latest review was published in 2017.

Napyradiomycin B4 Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis and Prevents Alveolar Bone Destruction in Experimental Periodontitis.

The unique structure and beneficial biological properties of marine natural products have drawn interest in drug development. Here, we examined the therapeutic potential of napyradiomycin B4 isolated from marine-derived species for osteoclast-related skeletal diseases. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were treated with napyradiomycin B4 in an osteoclast-inducing medium, and osteoclast formation, osteoclast-specific gene expression, and nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) localization were evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, real-time PCR, and immunostaining, respectively.

Correction to "Diving into the Molecular Diversity of 's Exometabolites: Contribution of Bromo-Spiroisoxazoline Alkaloids".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05415.

Fabrication of stem cell heterospheroids with sustained-release chitosan and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres to guide cell fate toward chondrogenic differentiation.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies show great potential in treating various diseases. However, control of the fate of injected cells needs to be improved. In this work, we developed an efficient methodology for modulating chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs.

Antimetastatic activity of seongsanamide B in γ-irradiated human lung cancer.

Lung cancer, which has a high incidence and mortality rates, often metastasizes and exhibits resistance to radiation therapy. Seongsanamide B has conformational features that suggest it has therapeutic potential; however, its antitumor activity has not yet been reported. We evaluated the possibility of seongsanamide B as a radiation therapy efficiency enhancer to suppress γ-irradiation-induced metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Cuminaldehyde-3-hydroxy-2-napthoichydrazone: Synthesis, effect of solvents, nonlinear optical activity, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and DFT analysis.

Hydrazones derived from essential oil components have attracted considerable interest because of their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and nonlinear optical applications. In the present work, a new essential oil component derivative (EOCD), cuminaldehyde-3-hydroxy-2-napthoichydrazone (CHNH), was synthesized. EOCD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (H and C) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy.

Efficacy of for Treating Osteoarthritis Induced by Monosodium Iodoacetate in Rats.

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and the underlying mechanism of in osteoarthritis (OA) induced by intraarticular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). The selected major four compounds (A-D) of were found from fractions 3 and 4. Its structure elucidation was determined by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) data analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data comparison with literature.

Scalable and Uniform Fabrication of Dexamethasone-Eluting Depot-Engineered Stem Cell Spheroids as a Microtissue Construct to Target Bone Regeneration.

Potentiation of stem cell potency is critical for successful tissue engineering, especially for bone regeneration. Three-dimensional cell culture and bioactive molecule co-delivery with cells have been proposed to achieve this effect. Here, we provide a uniform and scalable fabrication of osteogenic microtissue constructs of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroids surface-engineered with dexamethasone-releasing polydopamine-coated microparticles (PD-DEXA/MPs) to target bone regeneration.

Diterpene and biflavone derivatives from Thuja koraiensis and their cytotoxicities against A549 cells.

During the screening of the cytotoxicity of rare Korean endemic plants, the extract of Thuja koraiensis Nakai displayed potent cytotoxicity against the adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial A549 cell line. Through a series of separations via column chromatography, three undescribed abietanes, an undescribed labdane along with a labdane, and a biflavonoid were purified from methylene chloride (CHCl) fraction possessing a potent cytotoxic effect. Extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data analyses, in combination with quantum chemical calculations were conducted to establish the planar and absolute configurations of thujakoraienes A-C.

Methionine consumption by cancer cells drives a progressive upregulation of PD-1 expression in CD4 T cells.

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), expressed on tumor-infiltrating T cells, is a T cell exhaustion marker. The mechanisms underlying PD-1 upregulation in CD4 T cells remain unknown. Here we develop nutrient-deprived media and a conditional knockout female mouse model to study the mechanism underlying PD-1 upregulation.

Prokinetic Activity of Mulberry Fruit, L.

The fruit of L. (MAF) has been consumed as a food worldwide. MAF has also been widely used in traditional medicine for thousands of years in East Asia, and its diverse bioactivities have been reported in numerous publications.

Diving into the Molecular Diversity of Exometabolites: Contribution of Bromo-Spiroisoxazoline Alkaloids.

Sponges are prolific producers of specialized metabolites with unique structural scaffolds. Their chemical diversity has always inspired natural product chemists working in drug discovery. As part of their metabolic filter-feeding activities, sponges are known to release molecules, possibly including their specialized metabolites.

Quantum-Mechanical Driven H Iterative Full Spin Analysis Addresses Complex Peak Patterns of Choline Sulfate.

Choline and choline esters are essential nutrients in biological systems for carrying out normal functions, such as the modulation of neurotransmission and the formation and maintenance of cell membranes. Choline sulfate is reportedly involved in the defense mechanism of accumulating sulfur resources against sulfur deficiency. Contrary to expectations, a full assignment of the H NMR spectrum of choline sulfate has not been reported.

Content of Two Major Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato ( cv. Micro-Tom) Mutant Lines at Different Ripening Stages.

Esculeoside A and tomatine are two major steroidal alkaloids in tomato fruit () that exhibit anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-hyperlipidemia activities. Tomatine contained in immature tomato fruit is converted to esculeoside A as the fruit matures. To develop new tomato varieties based on the content analysis of functional secondary metabolites, 184 mutant lines were generated from the original cultivar ( cv.

Comparative Analysis of Coumarin Profiles in Different Parts of and Their Aldo-Keto Reductase Inhibitory Activities.

(Umbelliferae) is widely distributed throughout Southeast Asian countries. The root of this plant is used in traditional medicine to treat colds and pain, whereas the young leaves are considered an edible vegetable. In this study, the differences in coumarin profiles for different parts of including the flowers, roots, leaves, and stems were compared using ultra-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Prolongation of graft survival via layer-by-layer assembly of collagen and immunosuppressive particles on pancreatic islets.

Pancreatic islet transplantation holds great potential as a curative therapy for treating type 1 diabetes. However, the need for lifelong systemic immunosuppression with inevitable side effects is an obstacle to clinical success. Here we devised a strategy for the site-specific delivery of an immunosuppressant (tacrolimus) using layer-by-layer assembly of polymeric particles and collagen on the islet surface.

Combining NMR and MS to Describe Pyrrole-2-Carbaldehydes in Wheat Bran of Radiation.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) are indispensable analytical tools to provide chemical fingerprints in metabolomics studies. The present study evaluated radiation breeding wheat lines for chemical changes by non-targeted NMR-based metabolomics analysis of bran extracts. Multivariate analysis following spectral binning suggested pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes as chemical markers of four mutant lines with distinct NMR fingerprints in a δ range of 9.