Real-World Outcomes with Lurbinectedin in Second Line and Beyond for Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer in Korea.

Purpose: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 10-15% of all lung cancers and is characterized by a high recurrence rate, early metastasis, and poor prognosis. Before the FDA approved lurbinectedin for SCLC that progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy in 2020, topotecan was the sole second-line option associated with hematological toxicities and modest efficacy. Lurbinectedin received conditional approval in Korea in September 2022 for metastatic SCLC progression, with the same indications.

Mitochondria Activity and CXCR4 Collaboratively Promote the Differentiation of CD11c B Cells Induced by TLR9 in Lupus.

Lupus is characterized by the autoantibodies against nuclear Ags, underscoring the importance of identifying the B cell subsets driving autoimmunity. Our research focused on the mitochondrial activity and CXCR4 expression in CD11c B cells from lupus patients after stimulation with a TLR9 agonist, CpG-oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN). We also evaluated the response of CD11c B cells in ODN-injected mice.

The oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor IM156 suppresses B-cell activation by regulating mitochondrial membrane potential and contributes to the mitigation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Current treatment strategies for autoimmune diseases may not sufficiently control aberrant metabolism in B-cells. To address this concern, we investigated a biguanide derivative, IM156, as a potential regulator for B-cell metabolism in vitro and in vivo on overactive B-cells stimulated by the pro-inflammatory receptor TLR-9 agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, a mimic of viral/bacterial DNA. Using RNA sequencing, we analyzed the B-cell transcriptome expression, identifying the major molecular pathways affected by IM156 in vivo.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are fibrous networks which protrude from the membranes of activated neutrophils. NETs are found in a variety of conditions such as infection, malignancy, atherosclerosis, and autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), psoriasis, and gout. Studies suggest that an imbalance between "NETosis," which is a process by which NETs are formed, and NET degradation may be associated with autoimmune diseases.

Decreased ex vivo production of interferon-gamma is associated with severity and poor prognosis in patients with lupus.

Background: Lupus pathogenesis is closely associated with interferon gamma (IFN-γ), which plays a central role in innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ex vivo production of IFN-γ after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in patients with lupus, according to disease activity.

Methods: This study included 118 patients with lupus who had undergone IFN-γ-releasing assays (IGRAs) to screen for tuberculosis.