Erratum to: Milk Containing BF-7 Enhances the Learning and Memory, Attention, and Mathematical Ability of Normal Persons.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2009.

De novo assembly and characterization of transcriptome in the medicinal plant Euphorbia jolkini.

Background: Euphorbia jolkini, a medicinal herb that grows on the warm beaches in Japan and South Korea, is known to be used for traditional medicines to treat a variety of ailments, including bruises, stiffness, indigestion, toothache, and diabetes.

Objective: It is to analyze the whole transcriptome and identify the genes related to the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in the medicinally important herb E jolkini.

Methods: Paired-end Illumina HiSeq™ 2500 sequencing technology was employed for cDNA library construction and Illumina sequencing.

Potential of Bacteriocins from for Producing Bacterial Ghosts as a Next Generation Vaccine.

Bacteriocins are functionally diverse toxins produced by most microbes and are potent antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for bacterial ghosts as next generation vaccines. Here, we first report that the AMPs secreted from effectively form ghosts of pathogenic bacteria and are identified as diverse bacteriocins, including novel ones. In detail, a cell-free supernatant from exhibited antimicrobial activities against pathogenic bacteria and was observed to effectively cause cellular lysis through pore formation in the bacterial membrane using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Corrigendum: The Hsp90 Inhibitor, Monorden, Is a Promising Lead Compound for the Development of Novel Fungicides.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.

The Hsp90 Inhibitor, Monorden, Is a Promising Lead Compound for the Development of Novel Fungicides.

Endophytic fungi are great resources for the identification of useful natural products such as antimicrobial agents. In this study, we performed the antifungal screening of various plant endophytic fungi against the dollar spot pathogen and finally selected sp. JS-0112 as a potential biocontrol agent.

Draft Genome Sequence of JS-1345, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Stem Tissue of Korean Fir.

The fungus strain JS-1345, isolated from stem tissue of (Korean fir), has shown strong anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we report the genome sequence of JS-1345. The final assembly consisted of 133 scaffolds totaling 38,652,569 bp (G+C content, 44.

Characterization of Venom Components and Their Phylogenetic Properties in Some Aculeate Bumblebees and Wasps.

To identify and compare venom components and expression patterns, venom gland-specific transcriptome analyses were conducted for 14 Aculeate bees and wasps. TPM (transcripts per kilobase million) values were normalized using the average transcription level of a reference housekeeping gene (dimethyladenosine transferase). Orthologous venom component genes across the 14 bee and wasp species were identified, and their relative abundance in each species was determined by comparing normalized TPM values.

Draft Genome Sequence of Aspergillus oryzae BP2-1, Isolated from Traditional Malted Rice in South Korea.

The fungus strain BP2-1 was isolated from the traditional malted starter culture nuruk. We report here the draft whole-genome sequence of BP2-1, which is comprised of 14 scaffolds with a total length of 39,455,382 bp and a GC content of 47.13%.

Raptor genomes reveal evolutionary signatures of predatory and nocturnal lifestyles.

Background: Birds of prey (raptors) are dominant apex predators in terrestrial communities, with hawks (Accipitriformes) and falcons (Falconiformes) hunting by day and owls (Strigiformes) hunting by night.

Results: Here, we report new genomes and transcriptomes for 20 species of birds, including 16 species of birds of prey, and high-quality reference genomes for the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo), oriental scops owl (Otus sunia), eastern buzzard (Buteo japonicus), and common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). Our extensive genomic analysis and comparisons with non-raptor genomes identify common molecular signatures that underpin anatomical structure and sensory, muscle, circulatory, and respiratory systems related to a predatory lifestyle.

extract modulates arterial inflammatory response: a potential therapeutic use for atherosclerosis.

Background/objectives: Vascular inflammation is an important feature in the atherosclerotic process. Recent studies report that leaves and branches of () have antioxidant capacity and exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, no study has reported the regulatory effect of extract on the arterial inflammatory response.

Extract May Alleviate High Glucose-Induced Arterial Damage and Inflammation.

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress triggers severe vascular damage and induces an inflammatory vascular state, and is, therefore, one of the main causes of atherosclerosis. Recently, interest in the natural compound has increased because of its reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated whether a extract was capable of attenuating high glucose-induced inflammation and arterial damage using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (hASMCs).

Genome Sequence of an Endophytic Fungus, JS-169, Which Has Antifungal Activity.

An endophytic fungus, strain JS-169, isolated from a mulberry twig, showed considerable antifungal activity. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of this strain. The assembly comprises 17 scaffolds, with an value of 4.

Anti-Salmonella Activity Modulation of Mastoparan V1-A Wasp Venom Toxin-Using Protease Inhibitors, and Its Efficient Production via an Escherichia coli Secretion System.

A previous study highlighted that mastoparan V1 (MP-V1), a mastoparan from the venom of the social wasp , is a potent antimicrobial peptide against infection, which causes enteric diseases. However, there exist some limits for its practical application due to the loss of its activity in an increased bacterial density and the difficulty of its efficient production. In this study, we first modulated successfully the antimicrobial activity of synthetic MP-V1 against an increased population using protease inhibitors, and developed an secretion system efficiently producing active MP-V1.

Draft Genome Sequence of NIBRFGC000004109, Which Has Antibacterial Activity against Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria.

The fungus strain NIBRFGC000004109 is capable of producing penicillic acid and showed antibacterial activity against various plant-pathogenic bacteria, including pv. pruni. Here, we report the first draft whole-genome sequence of The assembly comprises 38,414,373 bp, with 12 scaffolds.

Nematicidal activity of grammicin produced by Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP against Meloidogyne incognita.

Background: The endolichenic fungus Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP showed strong nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita. This study aimed to identify the nematicidal metabolites and to evaluate the efficacy of the strain as a biocontrol agent under pot and field conditions.

Results: Bioassay-guided fractionation and instrumental analyses led to grammicin being identified as the nematicidal metabolite.

Equol, a Dietary Daidzein Gut Metabolite Attenuates Microglial Activation and Potentiates Neuroprotection In Vitro.

Estrogen deficiency has been well characterized in inflammatory disorders including neuroinflammation. Daidzein, a dietary alternative phytoestrogen found in soy (Glycine max) as primary isoflavones, possess anti-inflammatory activity, but the effect of its active metabolite Equol (7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-chroman) has not been well established. In this study, we investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effect of Equol in vitro.

Perspectives provided by leopard and other cat genomes: how diet determined the evolutionary history of carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores.

Recent advances in genome sequencing technologies have enabled humans to generate and investigate the genomes of wild species. This includes the big cat family, such as tigers, lions, and leopards. Adding the first high quality leopard genome, we have performed an in-depth comparative analysis to identify the genomic signatures in the evolution of felid to become the top predators on land.

Comparison of carnivore, omnivore, and herbivore mammalian genomes with a new leopard assembly.

Background: There are three main dietary groups in mammals: carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores. Currently, there is limited comparative genomics insight into the evolution of dietary specializations in mammals. Due to recent advances in sequencing technologies, we were able to perform in-depth whole genome analyses of representatives of these three dietary groups.

Nematicidal Activity of Kojic Acid Produced by Aspergillus oryzae against Meloidogyne incognita.

The fungal strain EML-DML3PNa1 isolated from leaf of white dogwood (Cornus alba L.) showed strong nematicidal activity with juvenile mortality of 87.6% at a concentration of 20% fermentation broth filtrate at 3 days after treatment.

MP-V1 from the Venom of Social Wasp Vespula vulgaris Is a de Novo Type of Mastoparan that Displays Superior Antimicrobial Activities.

Mastoparans from the venom of social wasps have attracted considerable attention as effective antibiotic candidates. In this study, mastoparan V1 (MP-V1) from Vespula vulgaris was first disclosed to have a peptide amino acid sequence distinct from typical mastoparans and its biochemical properties and antimicrobial effects were compared with those of typical mastoparans MP-L, -X(V) and -B. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy revealed that MP-V1 and -X(V) form more stable α-helical conformations in lipid membrane-like environments than MP-L and -B.

Enhanced anti-oxidative effect of fermented Korean mistletoe is originated from an increase in the contents of caffeic acid and lyoniresinol.

Viscum album var. coloratum (Korean mistletoe; KM) is an herbal medicine that is used worldwide for the treatment of various immunological disorders and cancers. KM extract showed enhanced anti-oxidative effects in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetyl ester assays after being fermented with a crude enzyme extract from a soybean paste fungus, Aspergillus kawachii.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the black star fat minnow (Rhynchocypris semotilus), an endemic and endangered fish of Korea.

The Black star fat minnow (Rhynchocypris semotilus) is an endemic and critically endangered freshwater fish in Korea. Its genome was 16 605 bp long and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes (PCG), two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a control region. The gene order and the composition of R.

The complete chloroplast genome sequences of Iris sanguinea donn ex Hornem.

The complete chloroplast genome of Iris sanguinea was sequenced newly in this study. The total chloroplast genome size of I. sanguinea was 152 408 bp, its structure and gene contents were well conserved as typical chloroplast characteristics.

Melittin, a honeybee venom‑derived antimicrobial peptide, may target methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is difficult to treat using available antibiotic agents. Honeybee venom has been widely used as an oriental treatment for several inflammatory diseases and bacterial infections. The venom contains predominantly biologically active compounds, however, the therapeutic effects of such materials when used to treat MRSA infections have not been investigated extensively.