Prognostic models for progression-free survival in atypical meningioma: Comparison of machine learning-based approach and the COX model in an Asian multicenter study.

Background And Purpose: Atypical meningiomas are prevalent intracranial tumors with varied prognoses and recurrence rates. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) in atypical meningiomas remains debated. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic model incorporating machine learning techniques and clinical factors to predict progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with atypical meningiomas and assess the impact of ART.

A Machine Learning Model to Predict De Novo Hepatocellular Carcinoma Beyond Year 5 of Antiviral Therapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

Background And Aims: This study aims to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients after the first 5 years of entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir (TFV) therapy.

Methods: CHB patients treated with ETV/TFV for > 5 years and not diagnosed with HCC during the first 5 years of therapy were selected from two hospitals. We used 36 variables, including baseline characteristics (age, sex, cirrhosis, and type of antiviral agent) and laboratory values (at baseline, at 5 years, and changes between 5 years) for model development.

Improving Recovery of Diatoms Bio-Silica Using Chemical Treatment with VAUS.

High-temperature baking is a typical method to remove organic matter from diatoms, but it is not suitable for bio-silica because of the high crystallinity. This study provides a method using the VAUS to remove organic matter from diatoms more quickly and biocompatibly. The optimal frequency for organic matter removal was investigated for domestically produced .

Are Imaging Evaluations of Soft-Tissue Masses Before Referral to a Specialized Center Being Performed Properly? A Systematic Review.

Background/objectives: Since the initial approach towards the clinical presentation of soft-tissue masses is challenging for frontline physicians, some countries use clinical practice guidelines. Proper imaging work-up is crucial to differentiate between soft-tissue tumors. Recently, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been widely used.

Predictors of self-care performance in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

In South Korea, there has been an increasing number of patients diagnosed with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), requiring rigorous self-care to prevent rupture. This study aimed to identify predictors of self-care performance in patients with UIAs, focusing on illness perception and social support. A cross-sectional correlation design was employed.

To Use or Not to Use: Temozolomide in Elderly Patients with IDH Wild-type MGMT Promoter Unmethylated Glioblastoma Treated with Radiotherapy.

Purpose: To identify a specific subgroup of patients among elderly glioblastoma patients aged 70 years or older with unmethylated MGMT promoters (eGBM-unmethylated) who would significantly benefit from the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to radiotherapy (RT).

Materials And Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with IDH wild-type eGBM-unmethylated treated with RT were included in this multicenter analysis (n=182). RT dose was 45 Gy in 15 fractions (62.

NXP031 restores memory function by dual effects degrading Aβ accumulation and facilitating antioxidant pathway in Alzheimer's disease models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a representative neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the overaccumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) proteins. Since AD is accompanied by excessive oxidative stress, which aggravates neurological pathologies, the use of antioxidants has been considered to prevent disease development. NXP031, a combination of vitamin C (VitC) and an optimized aptamer that binds to VitC and stabilizes the reactivity of VitC, was designed.

Correlates of post-hospitalization naltrexone adherence for alcohol use disorder.

Introduction: Hospitalizations present an opportunity to initiate naltrexone for patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Understanding factors associated with post-hospitalization adherence could inform practice.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a clinical trial in which patients with AUD were randomized to oral (PO) versus long-acting injectable (LAI) naltrexone at hospital discharge.

Baseline characteristics and associated factors for hypertension in children with chronic kidney disease: results from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease study.

Background: Hypertension is one of the most important complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) as it exacerbates disease progression in children. The aim of this study is to identify characteristics and factors associated with hypertension in children with CKD.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the 10-year ongoing cohort study named KNOW-PedCKD (Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease).

Optimizing target and diaphragmatic configuration, and dosimetric benefits using continuous positive airway pressure in stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for lung tumors.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of facilitating target delineation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients undergoing stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) for lung tumors by lung expansion and respiratory motion management.

Materials And Methods: We performed a prospective single-institutional trial of patients who were diagnosed with either primary lung cancer or lung metastases and received SABR with a dose of 40 to 60 Gy in 4 fractions. Four-dimensional computed tomography simulations were conducted for each patient: once without CPAP and again with CPAP.

Beyond complete remission: A comparative analysis of long-term laryngeal function in patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer following radiotherapy and concurrent chemoradiation.

Background: This study evaluates functional larynx preservation in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) and laryngeal cancer (LC) who achieved complete remission following radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT).

Methods: HPC and LC patients treated with RT/CCRT from 1999 to 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Severe late dysphagia and tracheostomy cases were assessed to determine laryngeal function.

Choosing Wisely Between Radiotherapy Dose-Fractionation Schedules: The Molecular Graded Prognostic Assessment for Elderly Glioblastoma Patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a graded prognostic assessment (GPA) model integrating genomic characteristics for elderly patients with glioblastoma (eGBM), and to compare the efficacy of different radiotherapy schedules.

Materials And Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective study included patients aged ≥65 years who underwent surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with or without temozolomide (TMZ) for newly diagnosed eGBM. Based on the significant factors identified in the multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS), the molecular GPA for eGBM (eGBM-molGPA) was established.

Nucleolar actions in plant development and stress responses.

The nucleolus is conventionally acknowledged for its role in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome biogenesis. Recent research has revealed its multifaceted involvement in plant biology, encompassing regulation of the cell cycle, development, and responses to environmental stresses. This comprehensive review explores the diverse roles of the nucleolus in plant growth and responses to environmental stresses.

Improving Recovery of Diatoms Bio-Silica Using Chemical Treatment with VAUS TM.

High-temperature baking is a typical method to remove organic matter from diatoms, but it's not suitable for bio-silica because of the high crystallinity. This study provides a method using the VAUS to remove organic matter from diatoms more quickly and biocompatibly. Organic matter was removed by using VAUS, while NaOCl was utilized to remove the organic matter from the silicate frustule.

Treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization among patients with alopecia areata: A real-world chart review in South Korea.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a clinically heterogeneous, immune-mediated, non-scarring hair loss disorder. This real-world chart review sought to characterize treatment patterns and healthcare resource use among patients with severe AA in South Korea. A web-based chart review of 40 dermatologists was conducted in which the medical charts of 151 adult patients diagnosed with severe AA between May 2019 and April 2021 were reviewed.

Optimizing Recurrent Glioblastoma Salvage Treatment: A Multicenter Study Integrating Genetic Biomarkers From the Korean Radiation Oncology Group (21-02).

Background And Objectives: Few studies have used real-world patient data to compare overall treatment patterns and survival outcomes for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). This study aimed to evaluate postprogression survival (PPS) according to the treatment strategy for rGBM by incorporating biomarker analysis.

Methods: We assessed 468 adult patients with rGBM who underwent standard temozolomide-based chemoradiation.

Assessment and validation of glottic motion using cone-beam CT and real-time cine MRI.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the margin for the planning target volume (PTV) using the Van Herk formula. We then validated the proposed margin by real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: An analysis of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data from early glottic cancer patients was performed to evaluate organ motion.