Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Discontinuation in a Large Cohort of Adolescent Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women in Brazil.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV discontinuation in adolescent men who have sex with men (aMSM) and adolescent transgender women (aTGW) and to identify factors associated with discontinuation.

Methods: The PrEP1519 study included a cohort of aMSM and aTGW aged 15-19 years old, and it was conducted in three large Brazilian capital cities. For this analysis, we included adolescents who initiated PrEP.

Same-Day Initiation of Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis is High Among Adolescent Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women in Brazil.

Purpose: This study analyzed the sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of adolescent men who have sex with men (aMSM) and transgender women (aTGW) initiating oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention clinics.

Methods: PrEP1519 is a prospective, multicenter, open-label PrEP demonstration cohort study of aMSM and aTGW aged 15-19 years living in three large Brazilian capital cities. For this analysis, we included adolescents who enrolled in PrEP1519 from February 2019 to August 2021.

Low Sensitivity of the Mini-Mental State Examination for Cognitive Assessment of Brazilian Patients With Parkinson Disease.

Introduction: Recent publications have highlighted the low sensitivity of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the cognitive assessment of patients with Parkinson disease (PD). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), otherwise, has shown greater sensitivity when compared to the MMSE. Based on this, we have searched for the cognitive impairment measurable by the MoCA and the functional performance on activities of daily living in a sample of Brazilian patients with PD and normal MMSE.

Impact of sociodemographic and health variables on mini-mental state examination in a community-based sample of older people.

The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) has been widely used as a screening instrument for cognitive disorders. Age, schooling and many other sociodemographic and health variables may be associated with a worse performance on the MMSE. The objectives of this study were to investigate the distribution of MMSE percentiles in a large Brazilian community-based elderly sample, divided according to age and schooling, and to evaluate the impact of sociodemographic and health variables on groups of elderly people with lower cognitive performance.

A preliminary controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy in clozapine-resistant schizophrenia.

The use of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) in addition to antipsychotic regimen to treat persistent psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia is growing. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of CBT to a befriending (BF) control group in patients with schizophrenia who are refractory to clozapine. Twenty-one patients completed the 21-week trial.

Clinically significant depressive symptoms and associated factors in community elderly subjects from Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of clinically significant depressive symptoms (CSDS) in a community sample of Brazilian elderly and to assess their relationship with sociodemographic factors, cognitive and functional impairment (CFI), and clinical diseases.

Design: Cross-sectional study of a community-based sample of elderly subjects.

Setting: City of Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

To treat or not to treat? A meta-analysis of the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in mild cognitive impairment for delaying progression to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Individual randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) aiming to delay the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not found significant benefit of their use for this purpose. The objective of this study is to meta-analyze the RCTs conducted with ChEIs in order to assess whether pooled analysis could show the benefit of these drugs in delaying the progression from MCI to AD.

Methods: We searched for references of published and unpublished studies on electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Clinical Trial Database Registry, particularly the Clinicaltrials.