NAPping PAnts (NAPPA): An open wearable solution for monitoring Infant's sleeping rhythms, respiration and posture.

Study Objectives: To develop a non-invasive and practical wearable method for long-term tracking of infants' sleep.

Methods: An infant wearable, NAPping PAnts (NAPPA), was constructed by combining a diaper cover and a movement sensor (triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope), allowing either real-time data streaming to mobile devices or offline feature computation stored in the sensor memory. A sleep state classifier (wake, N1/REM, N2/N3) was trained and tested for NAPPA recordings ( = 16649 epochs of 30 s), using hypnograms from co-registered polysomnography (PSG) as a training target in 33 infants (age 2 weeks to 18 months; Mean = 4).

An openly available wearable, a diaper cover, monitors infant's respiration and position during rest and sleep.

Aim: To describe and test the accuracy of respiratory rate assessment in long-term surveillance using an open-source infant wearable, NAPping PAnts (NAPPA).

Methods: We recorded 24 infants aged 1-9 months using our newly developed infant wearable that is a diaper cover with an integrated programmable electronics with accelerometer and gyroscope sensors. The sensor collects child's respiration rate (RR), activity and body posture in 30-s epochs, to be downloaded afterwards into a mobile phone application.