Accuracy and reliability of tibial torsion measurement using radiography and ultrasound in dogs.

Tibial torsion assessment is crucial for understanding deformities and malalignments that can lead to joint pathologies in dogs. Different methods such as radiography, computed tomography (CT), and three-dimensional (3D) volume-rendering techniques have been employed to measure tibial torsion. This study compared the accuracy and reliability of tibial torsion angle (TTa) measurements obtained using radiography and ultrasound tilting techniques against those obtained using the 3D volume-rendering method in small-to-medium-sized non-chondrodystrophic dogs.

Integration of point of care ultrasound into undergraduate medical education at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center school of medicine: a 6 year review.

Background: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) education has become an essential component of medical school curricula. Ultrasound represents a highly effective teaching modality to reinforce anatomical knowledge gained during cadaveric dissections. At Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center-School of Medicine (TTUHSC-SOM), POCUS was incorporated into the pre-clerkship curriculum especially during the first year of medical school anatomy course.

Evaluation of window trajectory in trans-iliac foraminotomy using an individualised 3D printing guide in cadaveric dogs.

Importance: In veterinary orthopedics, addressing foramen stenosis in the L7-S1 region in dogs presents significant challenges due to limited access and visualization with conventional surgical techniques.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate endoscopic foraminotomy through the iliac window, using three-dimensionally (3D) printing guide based on the preoperative plan, in cadaveric dogs.

Methods: Trans-iliac foraminotomies were performed on each side of five canine cadavers using and individualized 3D printing guide.

International consensus conference recommendations on ultrasound education for undergraduate medical students.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide expert consensus recommendations to establish a global ultrasound curriculum for undergraduate medical students.

Methods: 64 multi-disciplinary ultrasound experts from 16 countries, 50 multi-disciplinary ultrasound consultants, and 21 medical students and residents contributed to these recommendations. A modified Delphi consensus method was used that included a systematic literature search, evaluation of the quality of literature by the GRADE system, and the RAND appropriateness method for panel judgment and consensus decisions.

Intravenous thrombolysis for the management of acute ischemic stroke in patients therapeutically anticoagulated with heparin: A review.

Background: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) with alteplase is effective in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its use rate remains low due to the many exclusion criteria. Recent guidelines recommend excluding patients suffering AIS with an elevated aPTT secondary to heparin exposure from receiving IVT.

Effects of arm weight on gait performance in healthy subjects.

Previous studies have investigated how additional arm weights affect gait. Although light weights (0.45 kg) seemed to elicit performance improvements in Parkinsonian patients, it was not studied how light weights affect gait parameters in healthy individuals.

Energy metabolism and whole-exome sequencing-based analysis of Sasang constitution: a pilot study.

Background: Traditional Korean Sasang constitutional (SC) medicine categorizes individuals into four constitutional types [Tae-eum (TE), So-eum (SE), Tae-yang (TY), or So-yang (SY)] based on biological and physiological characteristics. As these characteristics are closely related to the bioenergetics of the human body, we assessed the correlation between SC type and energy metabolism features.

Methods: Forty healthy, young (22.

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Abnormal Electrocardiograms After Acute Stroke.

Cardiac arrhythmias and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities occur frequently but are often underrecognized after strokes. Acute ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in some particular area of brain can disrupt central autonomic control of the heart, precipitating cardiac arrhythmias, ECG abnormalities, myocardial injury and sometimes sudden death. Identification of high-risk patients after acute stroke is important to arrange appropriate cardiac monitoring and effective management of arrhythmias, and to prevent cardiac morbidity and mortality.

Pupil to limbus ratio: Introducing a simple objective measure using two-box method for measuring early anisocoria and progress of pupillary change in the ICU.

Introduction: Measurement of static pupillary size in the ICU is of importance in cases of acutely expanding intracranial mass lesions. The inaccuracies with subjective assessment of pupillary size by medical personnel preclude its use in emergent neurological situations.

Objective: To determine if the ratio of pupil to limbus diameter (PLD ratio) measured by a two-box method is a reliable measure of pupil size for detecting early anisocoria and measuring pupillary changes.

Is initial preservation of deep tendon reflexes in West Nile Virus paralysis a good prognostic sign?

Typical West Nile virus paralysis is characterized by muscle weakness, decreased tone, and loss of deep tendon reflexes attributed to destruction of anterior horn cells. Two cases in which deep tendon reflexes were initially preserved in the presence of profound and persistent muscle weakness are presented here. In both cases, deep tendon reflexes were later severely attenuated or lost, while weakness of the involved muscles remained profound and unchanged.

Heritabilities of facial measurements and their latent factors in korean families.

Genetic studies on facial morphology targeting healthy populations are fundamental in understanding the specific genetic influences involved; yet, most studies to date, if not all, have been focused on congenital diseases accompanied by facial anomalies. To study the specific genetic cues determining facial morphology, we estimated familial correlations and heritabilities of 14 facial measurements and 3 latent factors inferred from a factor analysis in a subset of the Korean population. The study included a total of 229 individuals from 38 families.

Transcranial Doppler velocities in a large, healthy population.

Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography has been extensively used in the evaluation and management of patients with cerebrovascular disease since the clinical application was first described in 1982 by Aaslid and colleagues TCD is a painless, safe, and noninvasive diagnostic technique that measures blood flow velocity in various cerebral arteries. Numerous commercially available TCD devices are currently approved for use worldwide, and TCD is recognized to have an established clinical value for a variety of clinical indications and settings. Although many studies have reported normal values, there have been few recently, and none to include a large cohort of healthy subjects across age, race, and gender.

Pathways involved in sasang constitution from genome-wide analysis in a Korean population.

Objective: Sasang constitution (SC) medicine, a branch of Korean traditional medicine, classifies the individual into one of four constitutional types (Taeum, TE; Soeum, SE; Soyang, SY; and Taeyang, TY) based on physiologic characteristics. The authors of the current article recently reported individual genetic elements associated with SC types via genome-wide association (GWA) analysis. However, to understand the biologic mechanisms underlying constitution, a comprehensive approach that combines individual genetic effects was applied.

Subacute Neurological Deterioration with Selective Axonal Injury in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke following Reperfusion of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.

To date, the long-term effects of reperfusion on the salvaged brain tissues have not been addressed in the literature. We report 4 cases presenting subacute neurological deteriorations with selective axonal injury following reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke. Our case series based on 4 patients showed common features distinct from those of early reperfusion injury in that (1) the neurological symptoms developed after 1-2 months of reperfusion therapies, (2) these symptoms were accompanied by the subcortical white matter changes on brain MRI, and (3) these findings were mostly reversible with time.

Reliability and validity of a cold-heat pattern questionnaire for traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a questionnaire for Cold and Heat pathologic pattern identification in the context of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This questionnaire was intended to classify subjects into Cold or Heat pattern groups, a distinction that is useful in clinical trials of both herbal and acupuncture treatments.

Methods: A questionnaire that had been developed in a previous study was completed by 63 patients (Group A) and 64 patients (Group B) from TCM hospitals.

Association of asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease with vascular events in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Background And Purpose: Patients with stroke and patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) are at high risk for vascular events and may not exhibit the signs and symptoms of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We investigated if asymptomatic PAD detected by ankle brachial index <0.9 is independently associated with recurrent vascular events in patients with stroke or TIA.

A genome-wide scan for the Sasang constitution in a Korean family suggests significant linkage at chromosomes 8q11.22-23 and 11q22.1-3.

Objectives: We aim to identify the genetic loci responsible for Sasang constitution type, which is important for effective personalized treatments in traditional Korean medicine.

Subjects: Forty (40) individuals in a Korean family were recruited for linkage analysis and 310 unrelated individuals for association analysis to confirm the linkage result.

Outcome Measures: Genome-wide linkage analysis was performed for the Korean family using the Affymetrix 500K arrays.

A study on characteristics of radial arteries through ultrasonic waves.

The study aims to measure and analyze the thickness and depth of blood vessel on the pulse diagnosis locations (CHON, KWAN, CHUCK) and the blood velocity through the use of ultrasonic waves (LOGIQ5PRO, GE Medical, U.S.) in order to understand the structural difference of pulse diagnosis locations.

Variations in non-invasive radial artery pulse waveform at different measuring positions.

Noninvasive radial artery pulse wave has been widely not only for the pulse wave analysis (PWA) itself but also for assessment of arterial stiffness with estimated aortic pulse wave from peripheral pulse wave. In this study, we tested the differences between the extracted parameters, including AIx, from radial artery pulse waves measured at three different positions preliminarily. A 30 years old female involved in this experiment and this subject has no evidence about cardiovascular diseases.

Bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryal diversity in the intestines of Korean people.

The bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryal diversity in fecal samples from ten Koreans were analyzed and compared by using the PCR-fingerprinting method, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The bacteria all belonged to the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla, which were known to be the dominant bacterial species in the human intestine. Most of the archaeal sequences belonged to the methane-producing archaea but several halophilic archarea-related sequences were also detected unexpectedly.

Intrahepatic splenic tissue without medical history of splenic injury or splenectomy.

Only a few cases of intrahepatic splenic tissue have so far been reported in the English literature. Those cases were developed after splenic injury or a splenectomy. We report here a case of intrahepatic splenic tissue which has two distinctive features compared to previous literature.