Children's motor control skills develop with age, but it is unclear when the development begins and ends. To identify those critical points, we conducted a wrist tracking task and examined position and velocity controls in children and adults. The task consisted of a visible circular orbit, a target rotating at a constant speed of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an emerging medical imaging technique to visualize the internal anatomical structures of patients. During a CBCT scan, several projection images of different angles or views are collectively utilized to reconstruct a tomographic image. However, reducing the number of projections in a CBCT scan while preserving the quality of a reconstructed image is challenging due to the nature of an ill-posed inverse problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlack soybeans have numerous health benefits owing to their high polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity, and antitumor effects. We previously reported that the Korean black soybean cultivar 'Soman' possesses higher anthocyanin and isoflavone contents and superior antioxidant potential than other Korean black soybean cultivars and landraces (Seoritae) do. Here, we investigated and compared the antitumor effects of Soman and Seoritae and aimed to elucidate the possible mechanisms of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsecticides are used in household products with various dispersants such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (PLE) to improve solubility. Although certain effects are expected, the combination effects of insecticides and dispersants remain elusive. Here, five different classes of insecticides (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Susceptibility source-separation (χ-separation) MRI provides in-vivo proxy of myelin (diamagnetic susceptibility, χ) and iron concentrations (paramagnetic susceptibility, χ) in the central nervous system, potentially uncovering myelin- and iron-related pathology in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions (e.g., demyelination, remyelination, and iron-laden microglia/macrophages formation).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA recently introduced quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique, χ-separation, offers the capability to separate paramagnetic (χ) and diamagnetic (χ) susceptibility distribution within the brain. In-vivo high-resolution mapping of iron and myelin distribution, estimated by χ-separation, could provide a deeper understanding of brain substructures, assisting the investigation of their functions and alterations. This can be achieved using 7T MRI, which benefits from a high signal-to-noise ratio and susceptibility effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFire blight, a devastating bacterial disease affecting rosaceous plants such as apples and pears, is caused by . The disease, known for its rapid spread and destructive potential, can lead to severe symptoms and often result in the death of infected plants. In Korea, the observation of was first recorded in 2015, and subsequent dissemination has been noted across the peninsula.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMagnetic susceptibility source separation (χ-separation), an advanced quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) method, enables the separate estimation of paramagnetic and diamagnetic susceptibility source distributions in the brain. Similar to QSM, it requires solving the ill-conditioned problem of dipole inversion, suffering from so-called streaking artifacts. Additionally, the method utilizes reversible transverse relaxation ( ) to complement frequency shift information for estimating susceptibility source concentrations, requiring time-consuming data acquisition for (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrostructure optimization and high-performance material development are crucial for improving the electrochemical performance of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). Researchers frequently record numerous micro-scale or nano-scale electron micrographs for unbiased post-mortem analysis, performance evaluation, and improvement of ASSBs. However, these micrographs are often underutilized and typically analyzed qualitatively without ensuring an accurate representation of the experimental objectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg
December 2024
J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg
December 2024
Background: The posterior maxilla and skull base is a region with a complex anatomy. Accurate resection of the pterygoid plate is critical during a maxillectomy procedure. However, there is a paucity of functional and anatomical studies on the pterygoid plate and skull base.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of atmospheric ultrafine particulate matter (UPM) on respiratory allergic diseases has been investigated for decades; however, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. In this study, we used a simulated UPM (sUPM) generated via the spark discharge method to refine black carbon, a core particle that closely mimics real-world UPM, including the size (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProcessing-in-memory (PIM) is gaining tremendous research and commercial interest because of its potential to replace the von Neumann bottleneck in current computing architectures. In this study, we implemented a PIM hardware architecture (circuit) based on the charge-trap flash (CTF) as a synaptic device. The PIM circuit with a CT memory performed exceedingly well by reducing the inference energy in the synapse array.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe discovery of ferroelectricity in hafnia-based materials has revitalized interest in realizing ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) due to its compatibility with modern microelectronics. Furthermore, low-temperature processing by atomic layer deposition offers promise for realizing monolithic three-dimensional (M3D) integration toward energy- and area-efficient computing paradigms. However, integrating ferroelectrics with channel materials in FeFETs for M3D integration remains challenging due to the dual requirement of a high-quality ferroelectric-channel interface and low-power operation, all while maintaining back-end-of-line (BEOL)-compatible fabrication temperatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg
October 2024
Objectives: To compare presurgical skeletal factors and postsurgical relapse patterns between more relapsed (MR) and less relapsed (LR) groups.
Materials And Methods: This study retrospectively examined patients who underwent mandibular setback surgery, classifying them into two groups based on the amount of relapse of the pogonion using K-means analysis. Comparisons were conducted by analyzing cephalometric radiographs presurgically (T0), at 1-month post-surgery (T1), and immediately after orthodontic treatment (T2).
Recent studies have explored surface treatments, such as increasing the hydrophilicity of implant fixtures, to enhance the osseointegration of implants. This prospective clinical study aimed to assess the clinical stability and efficacy of plasma treatment applied to implants with sandblast-acid etching (SLA) surfaces before placement. Twenty-eight patients requiring implant placement provided consent and were assigned randomly to either the SLA group without plasma treatment or the SLA/plasma group with plasma treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
October 2024
The unique mechanical characteristics of stretchable electronics has significantly expanded applications by overcoming the limitations (rigid, planar) of conventional electronics. However, most reported stretchable electronics are two dimensionally stretchable (laterally stretchable in the -axis) in a single layer or even in multiple layers. In this report, we present three dimensionally (3D) stretchable electronics (laterally and vertically stretchable in the -axes) in multilayered 3D electronic circuits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFerroelectric (FE) materials are key to advancing electronic devices owing to their non-volatile properties, rapid state-switching abilities, and low-energy consumption. FE-based devices are used in logic circuits, memory-storage devices, sensors, and in-memory computing. However, the primary challenge in advancing the practical applications of FE-based memory is its reliability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUpregulation of CXC motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) in melanoma patients has been found to be associated with melanoma progression. However, the role of endogenous CXCL10 from the host in melanoma tumor growth remains unclear. In the present study, we found that host-derived endogenous CXCL10 production was dramatically augmented during subcutaneous B16F10 melanoma tumor growth and that host ablation of CXCL10 in mice showed a decrease in both angiogenesis and tumor growth of B16F10 melanoma .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Myelin and iron play essential roles in remyelination processes of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. χ-separation, a novel biophysical model applied to multiecho T2*-data and T2-data, estimates the contribution of myelin and iron to the obtained susceptibility signal. We used this method to investigate myelin and iron levels in lesion and nonlesion brain areas in patients with MS and healthy individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIron and myelin are primary susceptibility sources in the human brain. These substances are essential for a healthy brain, and their abnormalities are often related to various neurological disorders. Recently, an advanced susceptibility mapping technique, which is referred to as χ-separation (pronounced as "chi"-separation), has been proposed, successfully disentangling paramagnetic iron from diamagnetic myelin.
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