The Effect of the Initiator/Activator/Accelerator Ratio on the Degree of Conversion, Film Thickness, Flow, and Cytotoxicity of Dual-Cured Self-Adhesive Resin Cements.

Although self-adhesive resin cements are convenient and less technique-sensitive materials for dental clinicians, they exhibit a lower degree of conversion due to acidic components in their composition. Supplementation of the initiator, accelerator, and activator in self-adhesive resin cements has been suggested to compensate for the lower degree of conversion. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different combinations of self-curing initiators, self-curing activators, and accelerators on the degree of conversion (DC) of self-adhesive resin cements.

The Effects of Adolescents' Participation in Video Games on Cognitive Function and Motor Control Skills.

There is still a lack of understanding of the productive areas of video game participation. Therefore, in order to observe positive effects and changes in game participation, this study examines the effects of game participation on the cognitive function and motor skills from 130 adolescents. To evaluate the participants' test performance, a cognitive function and motor control skill test program consisting of 10 tests were used (Trail Making, Corsi block, Tower of London, shooting game tasks, etc.

Evaluation of microleakage and push-out bond strength of various composite resins for sealing the screw-access channel in implant-supported restorations.

Statement Of Problem: Microleakage and loss of the composite resin sealing the screw-access channel are frequent complications of screw-retained implant-supported prostheses. How the screw-access channel should be best restored to reduce such complications is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microleakage and bond strength of 3 types of composite resins (flowable, packable, and bulk-fill) with or without a bonding agent treatment to seal the screw-access channel of 2 types of restorative materials (zirconia and Co-Cr alloy) with or without thermocycling.

Guided Bone Regeneration with a Nitric-Oxide Releasing Polymer Inducing Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis in Critical-Sized Bone Defects.

Synthetic scaffolds, as bone grafts, provide a favorable environment for the repair and growth of new bone tissue at defect sites. However, the lack of angio- and osteo-induction limits the usefulness of artificial scaffolds for bone regeneration. Nitric oxide (NO) performs essential roles in healing processes, such as regulating inflammation and addressing incomplete revascularization.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Hyperhidrosis Patients in the Mental Health and Quality of Life: A Web-Based Surveillance Study.

Background: We aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the degree of depression among hyperhidrosis patients and their quality of life.

Methods: 222 patients were contacted through an online questionnaire. Patients reported quality of life (QoL), including treatment and changes in symptoms during the pandemic, and also responded to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to evaluate the severity of depression.

Patient experience and prognostic factors of compensatory hyperhidrosis and recurrence after endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy.

Objective: We aimed to investigate compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH) and recurrence based on an online survey of patients who underwent endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy(ETS) for palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis.

Methods: We enrolled 231 patients who underwent ETS for palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis from January 2008 to April 2021. Patients responded to an online questionnaire regarding CH and recurrence, their electronic medical records were reviewed.

Multi-functional effects of a nitric oxide-conjugated copolymer for accelerating palatal wound healing.

The damaged site of a palatal wound is difficult to repair and often remains unclosed due to failure of the healing process, which occurs in inadequate environments of the oral cavity. Nitric oxide (NO) has effective functions in repairing damaged tissues, but it has a limitation due to short lifetime and rapid diffusion. Here, we synthesize a donor to deliver exogenous NO gas and verify its therapeutic effect for the palatal wound healing, which is known to take longer for healing due to the poor environment of warm saliva containing millions of microbes.

Smart contact lens and transparent heat patch for remote monitoring and therapy of chronic ocular surface inflammation using mobiles.

Wearable electronic devices that can monitor physiological signals of the human body to provide biomedical information have been drawing extensive interests for sustainable personal health management. Here, we report a human pilot trial of a soft, smart contact lens and a skin-attachable therapeutic device for wireless monitoring and therapy of chronic ocular surface inflammation (OSI). As a diagnostic device, this smart contact lens enables real-time measurement of the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9, a biomarker for OSI, in tears using a graphene field-effect transistor.

Smart, soft contact lens for wireless immunosensing of cortisol.

Despite various approaches to immunoassay and chromatography for monitoring cortisol concentrations, conventional methods require bulky external equipment, which limits their use as mobile health care systems. Here, we describe a human pilot trial of a soft, smart contact lens for real-time detection of the cortisol concentration in tears using a smartphone. A cortisol sensor formed using a graphene field-effect transistor can measure cortisol concentration with a detection limit of 10 pg/ml, which is low enough to detect the cortisol concentration in human tears.

Hierarchical microchanneled scaffolds modulate multiple tissue-regenerative processes of immune-responses, angiogenesis, and stem cell homing.

Recapitulating the in vivo microenvironments of damaged tissues through modulation of the physicochemical properties of scaffolds can boost endogenous regenerative capacity. A series of critical events in tissue healing including immune-responses, angiogenesis, and stem cell homing and differentiation orchestrate to relay the regeneration process. Herein, we report hierarchically structured ('microchanneled') 3D printed scaffolds (named 'μCh'), in contrast to conventional 3D printed scaffolds, induce such cellular responses in a unique way that contributes to accelerated tissue repair and remodeling.

Mechanoluminescent, Air-Dielectric MoS Transistors as Active-Matrix Pressure Sensors for Wide Detection Ranges from Footsteps to Cellular Motions.

Tactile pressure sensors as flexible bioelectronic devices have been regarded as the key component for recently emerging applications in electronic skins, health-monitoring devices, or human-machine interfaces. However, their narrow range of sensible pressure and their difficulty in forming high integrations represent major limitations for various potential applications. Herein, we report fully integrated, active-matrix arrays of pressure-sensitive MoS transistors with mechanoluminescent layers and air dielectrics for wide detectable range from footsteps to cellular motions.

Development of an infant formula certified reference material for the analysis of organic nutrients.

Infant formula certified reference material (CRM, KRISS CRM 108-02-003) were developed for the analysis of organic nutrients. The CRM is a milk-based infant formula powder, packaged at 14 g per unit. Ten thousand units were prepared and stored at -70 °C.

Nucleotide Analysis in Korean Dairy Products Using High- Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector.

Nucleotides play important roles in numerous intracellular biochemical processes and are used in infant formulas and other dairy products. However, domestic analytical methods for assessing nucleotide content in products have not yet been established, and therefore, methods for determining nucleotide content are urgently required. A rapid and simple analytical method for determining the content of five types of nucleotides in dairy products was improved using solid phase extraction clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector.

Development of a three-dimensionally printed scaffold grafted with bone forming peptide-1 for enhanced bone regeneration with in vitro and in vivo evaluations.

Defects in bone are some of the most difficult injuries to treat. Biomimetic scaffolds represent a promising approach for successful bone tissue regeneration. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold with osteo-inductive functionality was designed and assayed both in-vitro and in-vivo.

The Application of Fibrin/Hyaluronic Acid-Poly(l-Lactic--Glycolic Acid) Construct in Augmentation Rhinoplasty.

Although many graft materials have been used for augmentation rhinoplasty, an ideal graft has not yet been developed. As the field of tissue engineering has been developing, it has been applied to the reconstruction of many organs, but its application in the rhinoplasty field is still limited. This study evaluated the utility of allogenic chondrocytes with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(l-lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) constructs in augmentation rhinoplasty.

Multifunctional and stable bone mimic proteinaceous matrix for bone tissue engineering.

Biomaterial surface design with biomimetic proteins holds great promise for successful regeneration of tissues including bone. Here we report a novel proteinaceous hybrid matrix mimicking bone extracellular matrix that has multifunctional capacity to promote stem cell adhesion and osteogenesis with excellent stability. Osteocalcin-fibronectin fusion protein holding collagen binding domain was networked with fibrillar collagen, featuring bone extracellular matrix mimic, to provide multifunctional and structurally-stable biomatrices.

Fibronectin immobilization on to robotic-dispensed nanobioactive glass/polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Bioactive nanocomposite scaffolds with cell-adhesive surface have excellent bone regeneration capacities. Fibronectin (FN)-immobilized nanobioactive glass (nBG)/polycaprolactone (PCL) (FN-nBG/PCL) scaffolds with an open pore architecture were generated by a robotic-dispensing technique. The surface immobilization level of FN was significantly higher on the nBG/PCL scaffolds than on the PCL scaffolds, mainly due to the incorporated nBG that provided hydrophilic chemical-linking sites.

A novel therapeutic design of microporous-structured biopolymer scaffolds for drug loading and delivery.

Three-dimensional (3-D) open-channeled scaffolds of biopolymers are a promising candidate matrix for tissue engineering. When scaffolds have the capacity to deliver bioactive molecules the potential for tissue regeneration should be greatly enhanced. In order to improve drug-delivery capacity, we exploit 3-D poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds by creating microporosity within the scaffold network.

Gelatin-apatite bone mimetic co-precipitates incorporated within biopolymer matrix to improve mechanical and biological properties useful for hard tissue repair.

Synthetic biopolymers are commonly used for the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. Specifically targeting bone, the composite approach of utilizing inorganic components is considered promising in terms of improving mechanical and biological properties. We developed gelatin-apatite co-precipitates which mimic the native bone matrix composition within poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL).

Construction of mesenchymal stem cell-containing collagen gel with a macrochanneled polycaprolactone scaffold and the flow perfusion culturing for bone tissue engineering.

A novel bone tissue-engineering construct was developed by using poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL)-macrochanneled scaffolds combined with stem cell-seeded collagen hydrogels and then applying flow perfusion culture. Rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were loaded into collagen hydrogels, which were then combined with macrochanneled PCL scaffolds. Collagen hydrogels were demonstrated to provide favorable growth environments for MSCs and to foster proliferation.

Robocasting nanocomposite scaffolds of poly(caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite incorporating modified carbon nanotubes for hard tissue reconstruction.

Nanocomposite scaffolds with tailored 3D pore configuration are promising candidates for the reconstruction of bone. Here we fabricated novel nanocomposite bone scaffolds through robocasting. Poly(caprolactone) (PCL)-hydroxyapatite (HA) slurry containing ionically modified carbon nanotubes (imCNTs) was robotic-dispensed and structured layer-by-layer into macrochanneled 3D scaffolds under adjusted processing conditions.

Capacity of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles to deliver therapeutic molecules.

Inorganic bioactive nanomaterials are attractive for hard tissue regeneration, including nanocomponents for bone replacement composites and nanovehicles for delivering therapeutics. Bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGn) have recently gained potential usefulness as bone and tooth regeneratives. Here we demonstrate the capacity of the BGn with mesopores to load and deliver therapeutic molecules (drugs and particularly genes).

Bone tissue engineering of induced pluripotent stem cells cultured with macrochanneled polymer scaffold.

A reliable source of osteogenic cells is an essential factor for bone tissue engineering. In this study, human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) without an embryoid body step were cultured in macrochanneled poly(caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds prepared using a robotic dispensing technique, after which osteogenesis was promoted by the addition of exogenous osteogenic factors. The osteogenesis of the hiPSCs was demonstrated based on the detection of osteogenic molecules, such as osteopontin, using flow cytometry analysis, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.

Administration of growth factors for bone regeneration.

Growth factors (GFs) such as BMPs, FGFs, VEGFs and IGFs have significant impacts on osteoblast behavior, and thus have been widely utilized for bone tissue regeneration. Recently, securing biological stability for a sustainable and controllable release to the target tissue has been a challenge to practical applications. This challenge has been addressed to some degree with the development of appropriate carrier materials and delivery systems.

Macrochanneled bioactive ceramic scaffolds in combination with collagen hydrogel: a new tool for bone tissue engineering.

New tissue-engineering tool for bone regeneration is described to facilitate homogeneous cell seeding and effective osteogenic development. Calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds with macrochanneled and well-defined pore structure was developed, however, a large portion of the cells seeded directly within the scaffold easily penetrates without good adhesion to the scaffold surface. To overcome this, a method was exploited to dispense cells evenly throughout the CaP scaffold using collagen hydrogel.