Effects of rivastigmine on gait in patients with neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Gait disturbances are commonly observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and higher-level gait disorders, which are associated with cholinergic deficits. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of rivastigmine on improvement in gait.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and text keywords related to gait and falls after rivastigmine treatment for neurodegenerative disorders.

Predicting the physiological effects of multiple drugs using electronic health record.

Various computational models have been developed to understand the physiological effects of drug-drug interactions, which can contribute to more effective drug treatments. However, they mostly focus on interactions of only two drugs, and do not consider the patient information. To address this challenge, we use publicly available electronic health record (EHR), MIMIC-IV, to develop machine learning models that predict the physiological effects of two or more drugs.

Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory-Based Detection of Adverse Drug Reaction Posts Using Korean Social Networking Services Data: Deep Learning Approaches.

Background: Social networking services (SNS) closely reflect the lives of individuals in modern society and generate large amounts of data. Previous studies have extracted drug information using relevant SNS data. In particular, it is important to detect adverse drug reactions (ADRs) early using drug surveillance systems.

Application of privacy protection technology to healthcare big data.

With the advent of the big data era, data security issues are becoming more common. Healthcare organizations have more data to use for analysis, but they lose money every year due to their inability to prevent data leakage. To overcome these challenges, research on the use of data protection technologies in healthcare is actively underway, particularly research on state-of-the-art technologies, such as federated learning announced by Google and blockchain technology, which has recently attracted attention.

NRP1 antagonism as a novel therapeutic target in nasal polyps of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is expressed on the surface epithelium of respiratory tract and immune cells, demonstrating its possible function in regulating the immune response in airway disease. However, its role in patient with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the role of NRP1 in CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

Evaluating Aspirin's Efficacy for Primary Prevention in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease: Insights from a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: The effectiveness of aspirin for the primary prevention of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in Koreans remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the preventive effects of low-dose aspirin (equal or less than 100 mg) on cerebro-cardiovascular events.

Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Sample Cohort dataset.

Ganglioside GD3 Regulates Inflammation and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells.

Chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases, and involves tissue remodeling. One of the key mechanisms of tissue remodeling is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which also represents one of the pathophysiological processes of CRS observed in CRSwNP tissues. To date, many transcription factors and forms of extracellular stimulation have been found to regulate the EMT process.

Deep learning algorithm for the automated detection and classification of nasal cavity mass in nasal endoscopic images.

Nasal endoscopy is routinely performed to distinguish the pathological types of masses. There is a lack of studies on deep learning algorithms for discriminating a wide range of endoscopic nasal cavity mass lesions. Therefore, we aimed to develop an endoscopic-examination-based deep learning model to detect and classify nasal cavity mass lesions, including nasal polyps (NPs), benign tumors, and malignant tumors.

Otorhinolaryngologic complications after COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS).

Background: There have been reports of otolaryngological adverse event following immunization (AEFI) such as instances of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction following COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to analyze otolaryngological AEFIs following COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: This study was conducted with a secondary data analysis that the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) and the COVID-19 Data Tracker, which are both administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US.

Retrospective Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Breast Cancer Treated with Telomerase Peptide Immunotherapy Combined with Cytotoxic Chemotherapy.

Purpose: Telomerase activation, a critical step in cancer progression, occurs in approximately 95% of breast cancer cases. Telomerase is an attractive therapeutic target for breast cancer owing to its unique expression pattern. GV1001, a telomerase-derived peptide, is loaded onto human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II antigen-presenting cells and binds to CD4+ T cell activating immune responses.

Regularity of cervical cancer screening in Korea: analysis using national public data for 12 years.

Objective: To assess the frequency of regular uptake of national cervical cancer screening (CCS) program and identify associated factors among Korean women.

Methods: This study is a fundamental investigation that employs openly accessible public data of Korea through secondary data analysis. A cohort of 4,663 women from the 2007-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, was followed up for up to 12 years (2007-2018) to obtain the frequency of national CCS.

Effective data quality management for electronic medical record data using SMART DATA.

Objectives: In the medical field, we face many challenges, including the high cost of data collection and processing, difficult standards issues, and complex preprocessing techniques. It is necessary to establish an objective and systematic data quality management system that ensures data reliability, mitigates risks caused by incorrect data, reduces data management costs, and increases data utilization. We introduce the concept of SMART data in a data quality management system and conducted a case study using real-world data on colorectal cancer.

The Relationship between Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity in the Mental Health of Korean Cancer Survivors.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-perceived health and physical activity on the mental health of cancer survivors using the 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. The study included 378 participants aged 19 years or older who had been diagnosed with cancer, selected from the participants of the 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Our questions included self-perceived health status, physical activity (aerobic exercise, muscle strengthening exercise, walking and sedentary time), and mental health (depression, stress).

Drug_SNSMiner: standard pharmacovigilance pipeline for detection of adverse drug reaction using SNS data.

As society continues to age, it is becoming increasingly important to monitor drug use in the elderly. Social media data have been used for monitoring adverse drug reactions. The aim of this study was to determine whether social network studies (SNS) are useful sources of drug side effects information.

Genital tract infection and pelvic surgery contribute to the development of endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease, and inflammation is considered a core pathology. Inflammation related to genital tract infection (GTI) and surgical injury may cause endometriosis. Therefore, we investigated the incidence of endometriosis in women with a recent history of GTI, pelvic surgery, or both.

Time to surgery and survival in breast cancer.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the time from diagnosis to breast cancer surgery on breast cancer patients' prognosis.

Methods: Of the 1900 patients diagnosed with invasive (stage 1-3) breast cancer who underwent surgery in KUH between 2012 and 2019, 279 patients were enrolled in this study. All patients, including those who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, were classified as Model 1 subjects, and those who received immediate surgical treatment were classified as Model 2 subjects.

A Data-Driven Reference Standard for Adverse Drug Reaction (RS-ADR) Signal Assessment: Development and Validation.

Background: Pharmacovigilance using real-world data (RWD), such as multicenter electronic health records (EHRs), yields massively parallel adverse drug reaction (ADR) signals. However, proper validation of computationally detected ADR signals is not possible due to the lack of a reference standard for positive and negative associations.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a reference standard for ADR (RS-ADR) to streamline the systematic detection, assessment, and understanding of almost all drug-ADR associations suggested by RWD analyses.

Tobacco Smoking Could Accentuate Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Th2-Type Response in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

Tobacco smoking (TS) has been known as one of the most potent risk factors for airway inflammatory diseases. However, there has been a paucity of information regarding the immunologic alteration mediated by TS in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). To identify the effect of TS, we harvested human tissue samples (never smoker: n=41, current smoker: n=22, quitter: n=23) and analyzed the expression of epithelial-derived cytokines (EDCs) such as IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin.

Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss May Increase the Risk of Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is thought to be a vascular disease. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is an also common ophthalmic vascular disease. Thus, we investigated the potential relationship between these using a retrospective nationwide cohort dataset.

Delta neutrophil index levels can be a good indicator to predict patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who need surgery.

Objectives: Predicting the need for surgical treatment among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is challenging. The delta neutrophil index (DNI) has been proposed as a useful laboratory marker of immature granulocytes, which indicates infection or severe inflammation in several diseases. This study evaluated DNI as an early predictor of the need for surgery in patients with CRS.