Immunogenicity of a novel inactivated canine adenovirus type 2 variant vaccine for dogs.

Purpose: The immunogenicity of vaccines containing the canine adenovirus (CAdV) type 2 (CAdV-2) variant has not yet been reported. We prepared a novel inactivated CAdV-2 variant vaccine using the CAV2232-41 strain, and evaluated its safety and immunogenicity in raccoon dogs.

Materials And Methods: The growth kinetics of CAV2232-41 were determined using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells.

RADIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF VERTEBRAL HEART SCALE IN KOREAN WILD RACCOON DOGS ().

Raccoon dogs (), which belong to the Canidae family, are the second most injured wildlife animals rescued by the Gangwon Wildlife Medical Rescue Center. Various imaging evaluation methods including echocardiography have been developed, but thoracic radiography remains essential for the diagnosis and management of heart disease in dogs. In particular, vertebral heart scale (VHS) measurement is usually used to evaluate the dimensions of the heart silhouette on thoracic radiographs and can measure cardiomegaly more objectively.

Utility of ultra-rapid real-time PCR for detection and prevalence of Rickettsia spp. in ticks.

Background: Rickettsia spp. are important tick-borne pathogens that cause various human and animal diseases worldwide. A tool for rapid and accurate detection of the pathogens from its vectors is necessary for prevention of Rickettsioses propagation in humans and animals, which are infested by ticks.

Successful treatment of gastrocnemius muscle rupture in a long-tailed goral rescued from a live trap: a case report.

We describe a case of gastrocnemius muscle rupture in a goral that got caught in a live trap set up to capture wild boars. We established a diagnostic method based on clinical signs and imaging examination findings, including magnetic resonance imaging for gastrocnemius muscle rupture with symptoms such as hindlimb lameness and plantigrade posture of unknown cause in wild animals. Although this condition is rare, this report will help veterinarians diagnose several diseases of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems in wild animals.

Histopathological Correlation of Chromosome 12 Polysomy by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization in Adipocytic Neoplasms.

Identification of amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization is an important diagnostic tool for evaluation of adipocytic neoplasms. Rarely, neoplasms can show increased copies of and CEP12 probes (polysomy) without amplification (CEP12 ratio <2.0).

Radiographic evaluation of congenital vertebral anomalies in Korean raccoon dogs ().

Background: The normal vertebral anatomy of Korean raccoon dogs and their variants require research attention as a prerequisite for identifying pathologies and anomalies.

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed at describing the vertebral formula and congenital vertebral anomalies in Korean raccoon dogs ().

Methods: Radiographs of 82 raccoon dogs (42 males, 40 females) acquired from May 2013 to June 2020 in the Gangwon Wildlife Medical Rescue Center were reviewed to evaluate the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae of the spine.

Real-time PCR biochip for on-site detection of Coxiella burnetii in ticks.

Background: Q fever, a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, has adverse effects on public health. Ticks are vectors of C. burnetii and they contribute to the transmission of the pathogen.

Cerebral Coenurosis of a Long-Tailed Goral, Naemorhedus caudatus, in Korea.

We intended to describe a case of cerebral coenurosis in a long-tailed goral, Naemorhedus caudatus, from Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do (Province), in the Korea. The goral, a 10-year-old male, was suffering from neurological symptoms, such as turning the circle to one side without lifting the head straight, and died at 30 days after admission to the wildlife medical rescue center in Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do. A fluid-filled cyst was detected in the left cerebral hemisphere by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Analysis of Genomic Characteristics and Transmission Routes of Patients With Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 in Southern California During the Early Stage of the US COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: In late December 2019, an outbreak of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China. Data on the routes of transmission to Los Angeles, California, the US West Coast epicenter for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and subsequent community spread are limited.

Objective: To determine the transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 to Southern California and elucidate local community spread within the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

Comparison of Large, Medium, and Small Solid Tumor Gene Panels for Detection of Clinically Actionable Mutations in Cancer.

Background: Next-generation sequencing of gene panels has supplanted single-gene testing for cancer molecular diagnostics in many laboratories. Considerations for the optimal number of genes to assess in a panel depend on the purpose of the testing.

Objective: To address the optimal size for the identification of clinically actionable variants in different-sized solid tumor sequencing panels.

Rabies immune status of raccoon dogs residing in areas where rabies bait vaccine has been distributed.

Since 2000, large amounts of rabies bait vaccine have been distributed in two provinces where raccoon dog-mediated rabies has occurred. A total of 146 raccoon dogs were caught in Gangwon and Gyeonggi Provinces from January 2017 to June 2018, and raccoon dog blood samples were collected. Of the 146 raccoon dogs, 13.

MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AVIAN POXVIRUS IN THE ORIENTAL TURTLE DOVE (STREPTOPELIA ORIENTALIS) AND THE BITING MIDGE (CULICOIDES ARAKAWAE) IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA.

A total of 600 wild birds were analyzed for the causes of mortality in the Republic of Korea (ROK) from 2011 to 2013. Avian poxvirus (APV) infections were identified as the primary cause of mortality in 39% (29/74) Oriental Turtle Doves (Streptopelia orientalis). At necropsy, all 29 S.

Development of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Buccal Mucosa Graft Used for Urethroplasty: A Case Report.

Urethroplasty may involve the use of tissue substitution including buccal mucosa graft (BMG), penile fasciocutaneous flaps, or skin grafts. Stricture recurrence and fistula formation are some uncommon complications that can result from surgery. The development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after BMG substitution urethroplasty is a new complication that we encountered that has not been described in the literature.

Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from Free-Ranging Wildlife in South Korea.

We demonstrate Mycobacterium bovis infection in wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) in South Korea. During 2012-15, we attempted to isolate M. bovis from 847 wild animals, mainly Korean water deer ( Hydropotes inermis argyropus), raccoon dogs ( Nyctereutes procyonoides ), and wild boar, from 11 regions in South Korea.

First detection of West Nile virus in domestic pigeon in Korea.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen that has spread throughout Europe and the United States. Recently, WNV spread to East and Southeast Asia, and great efforts have been made in South Korea to prevent the spread of WNV from neighboring countries. In this study, we diagnosed the first case of WNV in pigeons () residing in cities using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed it with nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis and sequencing.

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. from Wild Rodents and Insectivores in South Korea.

In order to examine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in wild rodents and insectivores of South Korea and to assess their potential role as a source of human cryptosporidiosis, a total of 199 wild rodents and insectivore specimens were collected from 10 regions of South Korea and screened for Cryptosporidium infection over a period of 2 years (2012-2013). A nested-PCR amplification of Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene fragment revealed an overall prevalence of 34.2% (68/199).

Whole-Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium bovis W-1171, Isolated from the Laryngopharyngeal Lymph Node of a Wild Boar in South Korea.

Mycobacterium bovis W-1171 was isolated from a wild boar living in a free-ranging field in Gyeonggido, South Korea. The whole-genome sequence of this strain was determined in 50 contigs, which was 4,304,865 bp with a 65.57% G+C content.

Single Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis: Case Report.

Amyloidosis is defined as the presence of extra-cellular deposits of an insoluble fibrillar protein, amyloid. The pulmonary involvement of amyloidosis is usually classified as tracheobronchial, parenchymal nodular, or diffuse alveolar septal. A single nodular lesion can mimic various conditions, including malignancy, pulmonary tuberculosis, and fungal infection.

Predicting the Size of Benign Thyroid Nodules and Analysis of Associated Factors That Affect Nodule Size.

This study aimed to identify factors that affect the size of benign thyroid nodules and to predict nodule size by using a newly developed model. Because most thyroid nodules are benign, they are commonly only monitored. Only a few studies have evaluated the natural progression or regression of benign thyroid nodules.

Application of recombinant adenoviruses expressing glycoprotein or nucleoprotein of rabies virus to Korean raccoon dogs.

Purpose: A new rabies vaccine for animals, including raccoon dogs, in Korea is needed to eradicate rabies infection. In this study, we constructed two recombinant adenoviruses expressing the glycoprotein or nucleoprotein of the rabies virus (RABV). We then investigated the safety and immunogenicity of these strains in raccoon dogs, depending on inoculation route.

Oral immunization of mice with recombinant rabies vaccine strain (ERAG3G) induces complete protection.

Purpose: New rabies vaccine bait for both pets and raccoon dogs residing in Korea is needed to eradicate rabies infection among animals. In this study, we constructed a recombinant rabies virus (RABV), the ERAG3G strain, using a reverse genetics system. Then we investigated the efficacy of this strain in mice after oral administration and the safety of this strain in cats after intramuscular administration.

Pathogens in water deer (Hydropotes inermis) in South Korea, 2010-12.

Water deer (Hydropotes inermis) are among the most common wildlife to approach farmhouses and livestock barns in Korea. We collected 305 water deer from Gangwon (n=168), South Chungcheong (n=89), and Gyeongsang (n=48) provinces in 2010-12 and used PCR and serologic tests to screen the deer for pathogens. In 2010, tests for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), rotavirus, and Brucella abortus were positive in 8% (5/60), 2% (1/60), and 59% (33/56) of the animals, respectively.