Indole-3-carbinol alleviates allergic skin inflammation via periostin/thymic stromal lymphopoietin suppression in atopic dermatitis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory skin disorder with a complex etiology. Despite its increasing prevalence, treatment of AD is still limited. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is found in cruciferous vegetables and is formed when these vegetables are cut, chewed, or cooked; it exerts diverse pharmacological activities.

Hot-Melt Extrusion Drug Delivery System-Formulated Extracts Regulate Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages.

contains valuable bioactive compounds, including astaxanthin, proteins, and fatty acids. Astaxanthin is known for its various health benefits, such as preserving the redox balance and reducing inflammation. However, its low stability and poor water solubility present challenges for various applications.

Fabrication and evaluation of chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers for co-delivery of paclitaxel and PD-L1 siRNA.

This study aimed to develop a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) capable of co-delivering paclitaxel (PTX) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) to enhance PTX bioavailability and bolster immunity through PD-L1 knockdown. We prepared a PTX-loaded NLC (P-NLC) and coated it with positively charged chitosan (Chi) to create P-NLC-Chi, which was subsequently conjugated to siRNA (P-NLC-Chi-siRNA). The P-NLC-Chi formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken design.

Enhanced Minor Ginsenoside Contents of Nano-Sized Black Korean Ginseng through Hot Melt Extrusion.

Black ginseng (BG), a traditional medicinal herb produced through a nine-stage steaming and drying process, exhibits stronger pharmacological efficacy, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties, when compared to white and red ginseng. The ginsenosides in BG are classified as major and minor types, with minor ginsenosides demonstrating superior pharmacological properties. However, their low concentrations limit their availability for research and clinical applications.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle Using Black Mulberry and Characterization, Phytochemical, and Bioactivity.

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts has been proposed as a more advantageous and environmentally friendly alternative compared to existing physical/chemical methods. In this study, AgNPs were synthesized from silver nitrate using black mulberry (BM) extract. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized through an UV-visible spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy.

Effect of hot-melt extruded leaves on intestinal microflora and epithelial cells.

Although rutin and isoquercitrin have many effects, they are insoluble substances, making it difficult to obtain pure substances. This study was to investigate whether leaves containing rutin and isoquercitrin could improve intestinal health by making a sustained-release formulation through a hot-melt extrusion (HME) process with improved stability and solubility and determine whether it could upregulate the balance of intestinal microorganisms and intestinal epithelial cells. A sustained-release formulation was prepared by the HME process using leaves and a hydrophilic polymer matrix.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 1,6,7-Trihydroxy-2-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)-3-methoxyxanthone Isolated from via NF-κB, MAPK, and HO-1 Signaling Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 and BV2 Cells.

Neuroinflammation activated by microglia affects inflammatory pain development. This study aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory properties and mechanisms of 1,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)-3-methoxyxanthone (THMX) from in microglia activation-mediated inflammatory pain. In RAW 264.

The Effect of Hot-Melt Extrusion of Mulberry Leaf on the Number of Active Compounds and Antioxidant Activity.

The aim of this study is to compare the functions of the physiologically active compounds of three types of mulberry leaf by cultivar, and to confirm the changes using hot-melt extrusion (HME-ML). The active components of mulberry leaf were analyzed using the HPLC system, and total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity were measured. Among the three varieties, the highest contents of rutin and isoquercetin were detected in Cheongil, of TPC in Cheongol, and of TFC in Cheongil.

Hot-Melt Extrusion Enhances Antioxidant Effects of Mulberry on Probiotics and Pathogenic Microorganisms.

Mulberry is a rich source of anthocyanins (ACNs) known to possess biological activities. However, these ACNs are unstable in high pH, heat, and aqueous environments with a low bioavailability. In this study, a colloidal dispersion was prepared by hot melt extrusion with proper excipients.

Enhancement of S(+)-zaltoprofen oral bioavailability using nanostructured lipid carrier system.

Zaltoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor oral bioavailability. S(+)-zaltoprofen (SZPF)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were prepared to enhance oral bioavailability. SZPF-loaded NLCs (NLC-SZPF) were prepared using the hot-melting homogenization method and optimized using the Box-Behnken design.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) of Fabricated by Hot-Melt Extrusion Technology for Enhanced Antifungal Effects.

Green synthesis for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been suggested as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional physical/chemical methods. In this study, we report the green synthesis of AgNPs using a hot-melt extrusion-processed Nakai (AGN) (HME-AGN) extract as a reducing agent to increase the water solubility of the active ingredient compared to the existing AGN. The mixture of the AGN extract and AgNO at about 420 nm could not confirm the formation of AgNPs.

Practical Manipulation for the Preparation of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Vehicles.

Background: Optimization of MSNs is the most important process for efficient and safe drug delivery systems.

Objective: In this study, the physicochemical properties of MSNs were evaluated using various compositions of individual reagents.

Methods: MSNs were synthesized according to a modified Stöber method.

An Enhanced Water Solubility and Stability of Anthocyanins in Mulberry Processed with Hot Melt Extrusion.

Mulberry fruits are rich sources of anthocyanins that exhibit beneficial biological activity. These anthocyanins become instable in an aqueous media, leading to their low bioavailability. In this study, a colloidal dispersion was produced by processing mulberry samples with hot-melt extrusion.

Development and Evaluation of Tannic Acid-Coated Nanosuspension for Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin.

Curcumin (CUR) has been used in the treatment of various diseases such as cough, fever, skin disease, and infection because of various biological benefits such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, and antitumor activity. However, CUR is a BCS class 4 group and has a limitation of low bioavailability due to low solubility and permeability. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prepare a nanosuspension (NSP) loaded with CUR (CUR-NSP) using a statistical design approach to improve the oral bioavailability of CUR, and then to develop CUR-NSP coated with tannic acid to increase the mucoadhesion in the GI tract.

Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles Enhance the Potency of Ampicillin against in a Protozoa Infection Model.

() biofilms are implicated in endocarditis, urinary tract infections, and biliary tract infections. Coupled with internalization into host cells, this opportunistic pathogen poses great challenges to conventional antibiotic therapy. The inability of ampicillin (Amp) to eradicate bacteria hidden in biofilms and intracellular niches greatly reduces its efficacy against complicated infections.

Biodegradable Nanoparticles-Loaded PLGA Microcapsule for the Enhanced Encapsulation Efficiency and Controlled Release of Hydrophilic Drug.

Recently, nano- and micro-particulate systems have been widely utilized to deliver pharmaceutical compounds to achieve enhanced therapeutic effects and reduced side effects. Poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), as one of the biodegradable polyesters, has been widely used to fabricate particulate systems because of advantages including controlled and sustained release, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. However, PLGA is known for low encapsulation efficiency (%) and insufficient controlled release of water-soluble drugs.

Novel self-floating tablet for enhanced oral bioavailability of metformin based on cellulose.

Metformin has several problems such as low bioavailability, short half-life, and narrow absorption window, sustained and site-specific drug delivery system is required. Floating drug delivery systems are very useful to achieve these purposes. However, conventional floating systems have several limitations; lag time, a high proportion of excipient in the tablet, using non-biocompatible excipient, and requirement of a complicated procedure.

Development and evaluation of TPGS/PVA-based nanosuspension for enhancing dissolution and oral bioavailability of ticagrelor.

In this study, we developed ticagrelor-dispersed nanosuspension (TCG-NSP) to enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of ticagrelor (TCG) through a statistical design approach. TCG, a reversible P2Y receptor antagonist, is classified as a biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class IV drug with low solubility and permeability, resulting in low oral bioavailability. Nanosuspension (NSP) is an efficient pharmaceutical technique for overcoming the disadvantages.

A thorough analysis of the effect of surfactant/s on the solubility and pharmacokinetics of (S)-zaltoprofen.

Until now, there are no publications about the preformulation studies on (S)-zaltoprofen ((S)-ZPF). Hence, we first investigated the solubility of (S)-ZPF, screened solubilizers and performed the pharmacokinetic study of (S)-ZPF in the presence of the solubilizers. The measurement of the solubility of (S)-ZPF in 26 different solvents was carried out, including d-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS), 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD), and mixtures of individual solvent.

Extract-Loaded Eye Drop Formulation Development and Novel Evaluation Method for Dry Eye Treatment.

Recently, extract has been studied as a therapeutic agent for dry eye disease that occurs from fine dust. The aim of this study was the development of extract-loaded eye drop formulations using lubricants, generally used for artificial tear eye drops. Ecdysterone was used as a marker compound for extract and 1% extract solution contained 14.

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling To Predict the Antiplatelet Effect of the Ticagrelor-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System in Rats.

Ticagrelor (TCG) has been used as an antiplatelet agent for acute coronary syndrome patients. The aim of this research was to establish a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model of TCG and to apply the model for predicting the PD response of the TCG-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (TCG-SME) in rats. Pure TCG and TCG-SME (2, 5, and 10 mg/kg of TCG) were orally administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Extended Intake of Mulberry Leaf Extract Delayed Metformin Elimination via Inhibiting the Organic Cation Transporter 2.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major health problem in most countries of the world. DM causes many complications, including hyperglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, and death. In Asia, mulberry has been used widely in the treatment of DM.

A programmable lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticle system for localized, sustained antibiotic delivery to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial biofilms.

Bacteria enmeshed in an extracellular matrix, biofilms, exhibit enhanced antibiotic tolerance. Coupled with the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, the current cohorts of antibiotics are becoming ineffective. Alternative antimicrobial approaches are therefore urgently needed to overcome recalcitrant biofilm infections.