Cinnamaldehyde-Mediated Suppression of MMP-13, COX-2, and IL-6 Through MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Inhibition in Chondrocytes and Synoviocytes Under Inflammatory Conditions.

Inflammatory disorders encompass a range of conditions, including osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by the body's heightened immune response to diverse stimuli. OA is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive deterioration of joint cartilage and subchondral bone, leading to pain, limited mobility, and physical disability. Synovitis, the inflammation of the synovial membrane, is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in OA pathogenesis and progression.

Efficacy and safety of SKCPT in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, active-controlled phase III clinical trial.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent type of arthritis worldwide and a leading cause of years lost to pain and disability. Among the current pharmacological treatments for OA, symptomatic slow-acting drugs for OA (SYSADOA) induce pain relief and aim to improve joint function by relieving inflammation while causing fewer gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse events than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). SKCPT is a herbal SYSADOA formulated from Clematis mandshurica, Trichosanthes kirilowii, and Prunella vulgaris powdered extracts.

Cinnamaldehyde-Treated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomes via Aqueous Two-Phase System Attenuate IL-1β-Induced Inflammation and Catabolism via Modulation of Proinflammatory Signaling Pathways.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disorder that is distinguished by inflammation and chronic cartilage damage. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the catabolic processes that underlie the pathogenesis of OA. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes derived from untreated bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC-Exo) and those treated with cinnamaldehyde (BMMSC-CA-Exo) for preventing the in vitro catabolic effects of IL-1β on chondrocytes.

Radiologic Assessment of Knee Phenotypes Based on the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee Classification in a Korean Population.

Background: The Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) classification system has been developed as a comprehensive system that describes 9 coronal plane phenotypes based on constitutional limb alignment and joint line obliquity (JLO). Due to the characteristics of Asian populations, which show more varus and wider distribution in lower limb alignment than other populations, modification of the boundaries of the arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle (aHKA) and JLO should be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the knee phenotype in a Korean population based on the original CPAK and modified CPAK classification systems.

Peculiar reaction of oxidized zirconium from a total knee arthroplasty prosthesis: A case report.

Oxidized zirconium (OxiniumTM) prostheses, made up of a metallic alloy of zirconium with a ceramic surface formed by oxidizing the outer layer, were developed as an alternative bearing surface to reduce polyethylene wear and decrease failure of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We report a unique catastrophic failure of an Oxinium TKA with consequent accelerated wear and severe metallosis. Intraoperatively, we observed extensive wear grooving of the femoral component with exposure of the underlying silver layers and the complete wear of polyethylene on the medial side.

Preoperative Hindfoot Alignment and Outcomes After High Tibial Osteotomy for Varus Knee Osteoarthritis: We Walk on Our Heel, Not Our Ankle.

Update: This article was updated on May 15, 2024 because of previous errors, which were discovered after the preliminary version of the article was posted online. On page 898, in the section entitled "Materials and Methods," the sentence that had read "The WBL ratio of the knee joint was defined as the point where the GA or MA passed through the width of the tibia and intersected a line from the center of the femoral head to the center of the calcaneus (for the GA) or talus (for the MA), with the medial edge defined as 0% and the lateral edge as 100%." now reads "The WBL ratio of the knee joint was defined as the point where the GA or MA passed through the width of the tibia and intersected a line from the center of the femoral head to the lowest point of the calcaneus (for the GA) or the center of the talus (for the MA), with the medial edge defined as 0% and the lateral edge as 100%.

Exosomes Reshape the Osteoarthritic Defect: Emerging Potential in Regenerative Medicine-A Review.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder caused by wear and tear of the cartilage that cushions the joints. It is a progressive condition that can cause significant pain and disability. Currently, there is no cure for OA, though there are treatments available to manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.

Comparison of outcomes between fungal and non-fungal periprosthetic joint infections in total knee arthroplasty.

Aims: Fungal periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare, but their diagnosis and treatment are highly challenging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with fungal PJIs treated with two-stage exchange knee arthroplasty combined with prolonged antifungal therapy.

Methods: We reviewed our institutional joint arthroplasty database and identified 41 patients diagnosed with fungal PJIs and treated with two-stage exchange arthroplasty after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) between January 2001 and December 2020, and compared them with those who had non-fungal PJIs during the same period.

The landscape of surgical robotics in orthopedics surgery.

Orthopedic surgery is one of the first surgical specialties to apply surgical robotics in clinical practice, which has become an interesting field over the years with promising results. Surgical robotics can facilitate total joint arthroplasty by providing robotic support to accurately prepare the bone, improving the ability to reproduce alignment, and restoring normal kinematics. Various robotic systems are available on the market, each tailored to specific types of surgeries and characterized by a series of features with different requirements and/or modus operandi.

Outcome Prediction Model Following Proximal Femoral Osteotomy in Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease Using Machine Learning Algorithms.

Background: The purpose of the current study was (1) to analyze various factors that may be associated with the outcomes of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), and (2) to develop and internally validate machine learning algorithms capable of providing patient-specific predictions of which patients with LCPD will achieve relevant improvement in radiologic outcomes after proximal femoral varus osteotomy (PFVO). We examined several variables, previously identified as factors, that may influence the outcome of LCPD and developed a machine learning algorithm based on them.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed patients aged older than  6 years at the time of LCPD diagnosis who underwent PFVO at our institution between 1979 and 2015.

Transplantable stem cell nanobridge scaffolds for accelerating articular cartilage regeneration.

Microfracture technique for treating articular cartilage defects usually has poor clinical outcomes due to critical heterogeneity and extremely limited in quality. To improve the effects of current surgical technique (i.e.

Peptide derived from stromal cell-derived factor 1δ enhances the expression of osteogenic proteins bone marrow stromal cell differentiation and promotes bone formation in models.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) rely on chemokines and chemokine receptors to execute their biological and physiological functions. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is upregulated in injury sites, where it acts as a chemotactic agent, attracting CXCR4-expressing MSCs, which play a pivotal role in the healing and regeneration of tissue throughout the body. Furthermore, SDF-1 expression has been observed in regions experiencing inflammation-induced bone destruction and fracture sites.

Polynucleotides Suppress Inflammation and Stimulate Matrix Synthesis in an In Vitro Cell-Based Osteoarthritis Model.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by degeneration of the joint cartilage, inflammation, and a change in the chondrocyte phenotype. Inflammation also promotes cell hypertrophy in human articular chondrocytes (HC-a) by activating the NF-κB pathway. Chondrocyte hypertrophy and inflammation promote extracellular matrix degradation (ECM).

The fate of fungal periprosthetic joint infection after total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: To demonstrate the clinical outcomes of patients with fungal periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) after two-stage exchange arthroplasty combined with antifungal therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of 41 patients with fungal PJIs after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a single centre from January 1999 to October 2017. During the first stage of resection arthroplasty, antifungal-impregnated cement spacers (AICSs) were implanted in all patients.

Comparison of Survival Rate between Posterior-Stabilized and Constrained Condylar Articulations in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Minimum 5-Year Follow-up Analysis.

Background: Revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA) is a technically demanding procedure for failed primary TKA. Posterior-stabilized (PS) and constrained condylar knee (CCK) articulations are commonly used for RTKA, but comparison of these articulations in RTKA is scarce. The aim of this study was to compare survival rates and clinical outcomes of RTKAs using PS articulation and CCK articulation.

Safety and effectiveness of intra-articular injection of a highly cross-linked hyaluronic acid, LBSA0103 (Synovian): Results from a post-marketing surveillance study in South Korea.

This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of the highly cross-linked hyaluronic acid-LBSA0103-in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) as per the prescribing information (PI) in South Korea. A total of 3,140 subjects aged ≥19 years were enrolled in this post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study from 2013 to 2019. The subjects received one or two injections of LBSA0103.

Effect of Prior Knee Arthroscopy on Midterm Outcomes After Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background: Knee arthroscopy is frequently performed to improve joint function and relieve pain. However, there is no consensus regarding the effect of prior arthroscopy on outcomes following medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).

Purpose: To compare midterm clinical outcomes and survival rates after MOWHTO between patients with and without a history of knee arthroscopy.

Combined Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction Decreases Passive Anterior Tibial Subluxation Compared With Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Despite Similar Rotational Stability and Clinical Outcomes.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of augmenting a hamstring autograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with an anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR) on a primary outcome of passive anterior tibial subluxation (PATS) and a secondary outcome of the clinical outcomes.

Methods: ACL-injured patients who underwent primary ACLR between March 2014 and February 2020 at our center were enrolled. Patients who underwent combined procedures (ACLR + ALLR) were matched in a 1:1 propensity ratio to patients who underwent ACLR only.

Editorial Commentary: Alignment for Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Can Be Planned Using the Hip-Knee-Ankle Angle and the Weightbearing Line.

Correct alignment of the limb mechanical axis is a principal goal of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy and determines successful postoperative outcomes. Excessive postoperative joint line obliquity must be avoided. A mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) less than 95° results in poor outcomes.