Deep Learning-Based Multilevel Classification of Alzheimer's Disease Using Non-invasive Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

The timely diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its prodromal stages is critically important for the patients, who manifest different neurodegenerative severity and progression risks, to take intervention and early symptomatic treatments before the brain damage is shaped. As one of the promising techniques, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been widely employed to support early-stage AD diagnosis. This study aims to validate the capability of fNIRS coupled with Deep Learning (DL) models for AD multi-class classification.

Continuous-wave THz vector imaging system utilizing two-tone signal generation and self-mixing detection.

We propose and demonstrate a continuous-wave vector THz imaging system utilizing a photonic generation of two-tone THz signals and self-mixing detection. The proposed system measures amplitude and phase information simultaneously without the local oscillator reference or phase rotation scheme that is required for heterodyne or homodyne detection. In addition, 2π phase ambiguity that occurs when the sample is thicker than the wavelength of THz radiation can be avoided.

Optical frequency switching scheme for a high-speed broadband THz measurement system based on the photomixing technique.

This study presents an optical frequency switching scheme for a high-speed broadband terahertz (THz) measurement system based on the photomixing technique. The proposed system can achieve high-speed broadband THz measurements using narrow optical frequency scanning of a tunable laser source combined with a wavelength-switchable laser source. In addition, this scheme can provide a larger output power of an individual THz signal compared with that of a multi-mode THz signal generated by multiple CW laser sources.

All-optical single-sideband frequency upconversion utilizing the XPM effect in an SOA-MZI.

An all-optical single sideband (OSSB) frequency upconverter based on the cross-phase modulation (XPM) effect is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to overcome the power fading problem caused by the chromatic dispersion of fiber in radio-over-fiber systems. The OSSB frequency upconverter consists of an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) and a semiconductor optical amplifier Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SOA-MZI) and does not require an extra delay line used for phase noise compensation. The generated OSSB radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted over single-mode fibers up to 20 km shows a flat electrical RF power response as a function of the fiber length.

Robust terahertz self-heterodyne system using a phase noise compensation technique.

We propose and demonstrate a robust terahertz self-heterodyne system using a phase noise compensation technique. Conventional terahertz self-heterodyne systems suffer from degraded phase noise performance due to phase noise of the laser sources. The proposed phase noise compensation technique uses an additional photodiode and a simple electric circuit to produce phase noise identical to that observed in the terahertz signal produced by the self-heterodyne system.

Broadband photonic single sideband frequency up-converter based on the cross polarization modulation effect in a semiconductor optical amplifier for radio-over-fiber systems.

A broadband photonic single sideband (SSB) frequency up-converter based on the cross polarization modulation (XPolM) effect in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. An optical radio frequency (RF) signal in the form of an optical single sideband (OSSB) is generated by the photonic SSB frequency up-converter to solve the power fading problem caused by fiber chromatic dispersion. The generated OSSB RF signal has almost identical optical carrier power and optical sideband power.

Excimer laser deinsulation of Parylene-C on iridium for use in an activated iridium oxide film-coated Utah electrode array.

Implantable microelectrodes provide a measure to electrically stimulate neurons in the brain and spinal cord and record their electrophysiological activity. A material with a high charge capacity such as activated or sputter-deposited iridium oxide film (AIROF or SIROF) is used as an interface. The Utah electrode array (UEA) uses SIROF for its interface material with neural tissue and oxygen plasma etching (OPE) with an aluminium foil mask to expose the active area, where the interface between the electrode and neural tissue is formed.

All-optical frequency downconversion technique utilizing a four-wave mixing effect in a single semiconductor optical amplifier for wavelength division multiplexing radio-over-fiber applications.

An all-optical frequency downconversion utilizing a four-wave mixing effect in a single semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) was experimentally demonstrated for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) radio-over-fiber (RoF) applications. Two WDM optical radio frequency (RF) signals having 155 Mbps differential phase shift keying (DPSK) data at 28.5 GHz were simultaneously down-converted to two WDM optical intermediate frequency (IF) signals having an IF frequency of 4.

All-optical frequency upconversion of a quasi optical single sideband signal utilizing a nonlinear semiconductor optical amplifier for radio-over-fiber applications.

An all-optical frequency upconversion technique using a quasi optical single sideband (q-OSSB) signal in a nonlinear semiconductor optical amplifier (NSOA) for radio-over-fiber applications is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. An optical radio frequency signal (f(RF) = 37.5 GHz) in the form of a q-OSSB signal is generated by mixing an optical intermediate frequency (IF) signal (f(IF) = 2.

All-optical single-sideband upconversion with an optical interleaver and a semiconductor optical amplifier for radio-over-fiber applications.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an all-optical upconverter for the generation of an optical single-sideband (OSSB) signal in radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems. The OSSB signal, which is required for overcoming the fiber chromatic dispersion problem in RoF systems, is generated by using an all-optical SSB upconverter consisting of an optical interleaver and a semiconductor optical amplifier. With this upconversion technique, OSSB radio frequency (RF) signals with an RF frequency ranging from 15 GHz to 42.

An all-optical frequency up-converter utilizing four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier for sub-carrier multiplexed radio-over-fiber applications.

A novel all-optical frequency up-converter utilizing four-wave mixing (FWM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) was proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The frequency up-converter converted an optical intermediate frequency (IF) signal (f(IF) = 2.5 GHz) to an optical radio frequency (RF) signal (f(RF) = 35 and 40 GHz) through mixing with an optical local oscillator (LO) signal (f(LO) = 37.

Morphology- and orientation-controlled gallium arsenide nanowires on silicon substrates.

GaAs nanowires were epitaxially grown on Si(001) and Si(111) substrates by using Au-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth in a solid source molecular beam epitaxy system. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that almost all the GaAs nanowires were grown along <111> directions on both Si substrates for growth conditions investigated. The GaAs nanowires had a very uniform diameter along the growth direction.