Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Lactate, and Combination for Predicting Mortality in Patients with Septic Shock in the Emergency Department.

Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is produced during ischemia and reactive oxygen species production. This study aimed to evaluate the association between IMA and mortality in a larger population and the prognostic value of the combination of IMA and lactate for predicting mortality in septic shock patients in the emergency department. This retrospective observational study included adult septic shock patients between October 2019 and December 2021.

Artificial intelligence for predicting shockable rhythm during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: In-hospital setting.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model capable of predicting shockable rhythms from electrocardiograms (ECGs) with compression artifacts using real-world data from emergency department (ED) settings. Additionally, we aimed to explore the black box nature of AI models, providing explainability.

Methods: This study is retrospective, observational study using a prospectively collected database.

Mortality case due to minimal bentazone intoxication.

Bentazone is a widely used herbicide and is considered a moderate hazard. Fatalities are rarely reported, with reports of deaths occurring in doses of 200 ml or more. In some literature, it is accompanied by generalized rigidity.

Thigh muscle mass evaluated by point-of-care ultrasound is associated with short-term mortality in patients with sepsis in the emergency department.

Muscle mass depletion is associated with mortality and morbidity in various conditions including sepsis. However, few studies have evaluated muscle mass using point-of-care ultrasound in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the association between thigh muscle mass, evaluated using point-of-care ultrasound with panoramic view in patients with sepsis in the emergency department, and mortality.

Age and sex-related differences in outcomes of OHCA patients after adjustment for sex-based in-hospital management disparities.

Objectives: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival differences due to sex remain controversial. Previous studies adjusted for prehospital variables, but not sex-based in-hospital management disparities. We aimed to investigate age and sex-related differences in survival outcomes in OHCA patients after adjustment for sex-based in-hospital management disparities.

Sex differences in in-hospital management in patients with sepsis and septic shock: a prospective multicenter observational study.

Sex differences in the in-hospital management of sepsis exist. Previous studies either included patients with sepsis that was defined using previous definitions of sepsis or evaluated the 3-h bundle therapy. Therefore, this study sought to assess sex differences in 1-h bundle therapy and in-hospital management among patients with sepsis and septic shock, defined according to the Sepsis-3 definitions.

The mortality of patients with sepsis increases in the first month of a new academic year.

Objective: Many studies have examined the July effect. However, little is known about the July effect in sepsis. We hypothesized that the July effect would result in worse outcomes for patients with sepsis.

Association of prehospital advanced airway and epinephrine with survival in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Survival benefits of prehospital advanced airway and epinephrine in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients are controversial, but few studies evaluated this together. This study evaluated association of prehospital advanced airway and epinephrine with survival outcomes in OHCA patients. This was observational study using a prospective multicentre KoCARC registry.

Prediction of Mortality Among Patients With Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury Using Machine Learning Models in Asian Countries: An International Multi-Center Cohort Study.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant healthcare concern in several countries, accounting for a major burden of morbidity, mortality, disability, and socioeconomic losses. Although conventional prognostic models for patients with TBI have been validated, their performance has been limited. Therefore, we aimed to construct machine learning (ML) models to predict the clinical outcomes in adult patients with isolated TBI in Asian countries.

Association between metformin and survival outcomes in in-hospital cardiac arrest patients with diabetes.

Introduction: Metformin has shown cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects in cardiac arrest and ischemia-reperfusion injury animal models. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between diabetes medication and survival outcomes in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) patients with type 2 DM (T2DM).

Methods: This retrospective observational study included adult IHCA patients with T2DM between April 2017 and March 2022.

Risk of hypertension and treatment on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence: A case-control study.

Hypertension (HTN) is a high risk factor for major cardiovascular adverse events. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HTN risk on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence and determine whether the effect of HTN on OHCA incidence differs according to antihypertensive medication.This case-control study used the Korean Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Consortium and Korean Community Health Survey (CHS).

Sex-related disparities in the in-hospital management of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Aim: We investigated sex-related differences in the in-hospital management of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected data from the Korean Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Consortium (KoCARC) registry, a prospective, multicenter OHCA registry. We enrolled adult patients with OHCA between October 2015 and June 2020.

Factors affecting incorrect interpretation of abdominal computed tomography in non-traumatic patients by novice emergency physicians.

Objective: Accurate interpretation of computed tomography (CT) scans is critical for patient care in the emergency department. We aimed to identify factors associated with an incorrect interpretation of abdominal CT by novice emergency residents and to analyze the characteristics of incorrectly interpreted scans.

Methods: This retrospective analysis of a prospective observational cohort was conducted at three urban emergency departments.

Prognostic utility of lactate concentrations and kinetics to predict adverse events associated with acute drug overdose.

Objective: Clinical research on drug intoxication is necessary for appropriate action in emergency departments (EDs). However, currently, there are no evident biomarkers for predicting adverse events (AEs) in patients with drug intoxication. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum lactate concentrations and lactate kinetics for AEs such as cardiogenic or respiratory failure in patients admitted to the ED with acute drug overdose.

Assessing the severity of pulmonary embolism among patients in the emergency department: Utility of RV/LV diameter ratio.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a major cause of death from cardiovascular disease. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction (RVD) caused by APE is closely related to a poor outcome. Early risk stratification of APE is a vital step in prognostic assessment.

Intensive Care Unit Capacity and Its Associated Risk Factors During the COVID-19 Surge in the Republic of Korea: Analysis Using Nationwide Health Claims Data.

Objective: To identify risk factors for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilator usage among confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients and estimate the effects of mitigation efforts on ICU capacity in Korea.

Patients And Methods: Data on profiles and medical history of all confirmed COVID-19 patients in the past 1 year were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance System's claims database to assess risk factors for ICU admission and ventilator use. We used a time-series epidemic model to estimate the ICU census in Daegu from the reported hospital data.

Strategies to prevent COVID-19 transmission in the emergency department of a regional base hospital in Korea: From index patient until pandemic declaration.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the timely strategies used to prevent the spread of the emerging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and present the activities performed in a regional base hospital in South Korea, from the identification of the index patient until the pandemic declaration.

Methods: This is a descriptive study detailing the step-by-step guidelines implemented to manage COVID-19 in a regional tertiary base hospital from January to March 2020. We described our three-phase response to the COVID-19 outbreak as per the national and global quarantine procedures applied during each critical event and highlighted the activities implemented from the perspective of public health crisis preparedness involving emerging infectious diseases.

An Exploration of Discrepancies and Concordances Between Hospital Disaster Directors and General Health Care Providers in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea: Quantitative Analysis of a Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the perception of disaster issues between disaster directors and general health care providers in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.

Methods: The Gyeonggi provincial committee distributed a survey to acute care facility personnel. Survey topics included awareness of general disaster issues, hospital preparedness, and training priorities.

Application of the "Plan-Do-Study-Act" Model to Improve Survival after Cardiac Arrest in Korea: A Case Study.

Objective: Low rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were identified as a shortcoming in the "chain of survival" for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) care in the Korean city of Ansan. This study sought to evaluate the effect of an initiative to increase bystander CPR and quality of out-of-hospital resuscitation on outcome from OHCA. The post-intervention data were used to determine the next quality improvement (QI) target as part of the "Plan-Do-Study-Act" (PDSA) model for QI.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of interleukin-6, pentraxin 3, and procalcitonin levels among sepsis and septic shock patients: a prospective controlled study according to the Sepsis-3 definitions.

Background: This study investigated the clinical value of interleukin-6 (IL-6), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with sepsis and septic shock diagnosed according to the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).

Methods: Serum levels of IL-6, PTX3, and PCT were measured in 142 enrolled subjects (51 with sepsis, 46 with septic shock, and 45 as controls). Follow-up IL-6 and PTX3 levels were measured in patients with initial septic shock within 24 h of hospital discharge.

Effect of team-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for emergency medical service providers on pre-hospital return of spontaneous circulation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether team-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training for emergency medical service (EMS) providers improved the pre-hospital return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rates of non-traumatic adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.

Methods: This was a before-and-after study an evaluating educational intervention for community EMS providers, which was conducted in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Team-based CPR training was conducted from January to March 2016 for every level 1 and level 2 EMS provider in the study area.

Effect of rapid influenza diagnostic tests on patient management in an emergency department.

Objective: We evaluated the effect of rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) on patient management in an emergency department for 3 years after 2009, and also identified factors associated with the choice of treatment for patients with influenza-like illnesses.

Methods: The study period consisted of three influenza epidemic seasons. Patients older than 15 years who underwent RIDTs in the emergency department and were then discharged without admission were included.