Dietary supplementation of synbiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroide B4 and dextran improves immune regulation and disease resistance of Penaeus vannamei against Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

White shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) is an important culture species in Taiwan but often encounters disease infection by Vibrio parahaemolyticus that cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). This study investigates the effects of dietary supplementation of Leuconostoc mesenteroide B4 and its fermentate (dextran) on the immune response, intestinal morphology, disease resistance, and immune-related gene expression in white shrimp. In comparison to the control group, the shrimp fed with a diet containing B4+dextran (10 CFU B4/g feed and 0.