Pentachlorophenol oxidation rates in supercritical water.

The oxidation rate of pentachlorophenol, [C(6)HCl(5)O] which is used to control termites and as a general herbicide and also as the probable human's carcinogen, was investigated in an isothermal continuous tubular reactor under supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) conditions. The experiments were conducted at a temperature of 400-550 degrees C and a fixed pressure of 25 MPa, with a residence time that ranged from 6 s to 26 s. The conversion of PCP was monitored by analyzing total organic carbon (TOC) on the liquid effluent samples.

Destruction of chemical agent simulants in a supercritical water oxidation bench-scale reactor.

A new design of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) bench-scale reactor has been developed to handle high-risk wastes resulting from munitions demilitarization. The reactor consists of a concentric vertical double wall in which SCWO reaction takes place inside an inner tube (titanium grade 2, non-porous) whereas pressure resistance is ensured by a Hastelloy C-276 external vessel. The performances of this reactor were investigated with two different kinds of chemical warfare agent simulants: OPA (a mixture of isopropyl amine and isopropyl alcohol) as the binary precursor for nerve agent of sarin and thiodiglycol [TDG, (HOC(2)H(4))2S] as the model organic sulfur heteroatom.

Destruction of OPA from munitions demilitarization in supercritical water oxidation: kinetics of total organic carbon disappearance.

The destruction of OPA from munitions demilitarization has been accomplished in supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) with oxygen as oxidant in an isothermal continuous-flow reactor. The experiments were conducted at a temperature of 689-887 K and a fixed pressure of 25 MPa, with a residence time that ranged from 7 s to 14 s. The destruction efficiency was measured by total organic carbon (TOC) conversion.

OPA oxidation rates in supercritical water.

Supercritical water oxidation can effectively destroy a large variety of high-risk wastes resulting from munitions demilitarization and complex industrial chemical. An important design consideration in the development of supercritical water oxidation is the information on the oxidation rate. In this paper, the oxidation rate of isopropyl amine (OPA), one of high-risk wastes resulting from munitions demilitarization, was investigated under supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) conditions in an isothermal tubular reactor.