Effect of respiratory exercise on pulmonary function, balance, and gait in patients with chronic stroke.

[Purpose] This study investigated the effect of respiratory exercise on pulmonary function, balance, and gait in chronic stroke patients. [Participants and Methods] Twenty patients with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (n=10 each). The patients in both groups underwent neurodevelopmental treatment.

Covalent Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Surface via Chemical Treatment.

Due to the strong hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions between individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs), these particles easily aggregate with themselves. When CNTs were introduced into a polymer matrix as a filler, aggregations formed that can adversely affect the mechanical and thermal properties of polymer/CNTs composites. To prevent aggregation, covalent functionalizations via chemical treatments using H₂SO₄/HNO₃, H₂O₂/H₂O and a silane coupling agent(STX)-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, GPTMS) on the CNTs were chosen in this study.

Organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction.

Efficient hybrid photocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction were developed from dye-sensitized TiO nanoparticles and their catalytic performance was optimized by ternary organic/inorganic components. Thus, the hybrid system consists of (E)-2-cyano-3-(5'-(5''-(p-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2''-yl)thiophen-2'-yl)-acrylic acid as a sensitizer and fac-[Re(4,4'-bis(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine)(CO)Cl] as a reduction catalyst (ReP), both of which have been fixed onto TiO semiconductors (s-TiO, h-TiO, d-TiO). Mott-Schottky analysis on flat-band potential (E) of TiO mesoporous films has verified that E can be finely modulated by volume variation of water (0 to 20 vol%).

Widely Controllable Syngas Production by a Dye-Sensitized TiO Hybrid System with Re and Co Catalysts under Visible-Light Irradiation.

Visible-light irradiation of a ternary hybrid catalyst prepared by grafting a dye, an H evolving Co catalyst and a CO-producing Re catalyst on TiO have been found to produce both H and CO (syngas) in CO -saturated N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF)/water solution containing a 0.1 m sacrificial electron donor. The H /CO ratios are effectively controlled by changing either the water content of the solvent or the molar ratio of the Re and Co catalysts ranging from 1:2 to 15:1.

Highly Robust Hybrid Photocatalyst for Carbon Dioxide Reduction: Tuning and Optimization of Catalytic Activities of Dye/TiO2/Re(I) Organic-Inorganic Ternary Systems.

Herein we report a detailed investigation of a highly robust hybrid system (sensitizer/TiO2/catalyst) for the visible-light reduction of CO2 to CO; the system comprises 5'-(4-[bis(4-methoxymethylphenyl)amino]phenyl-2,2'-dithiophen-5-yl)cyanoacrylic acid as the sensitizer and (4,4'-bis(methylphosphonic acid)-2,2'-bipyridine)Re(I)(CO)3Cl as the catalyst, both of which have been anchored on three different types of TiO2 particles (s-TiO2, h-TiO2, d-TiO2). It was found that remarkable enhancements in the CO2 conversion activity of the hybrid photocatalytic system can be achieved by addition of water or such other additives as Li(+), Na(+), and TEOA. The photocatalytic CO2 reduction efficiency was enhanced by approximately 300% upon addition of 3% (v/v) H2O, giving a turnover number of ≥570 for 30 h.

Reproductive ability of a cloned male detector dog and behavioral traits of its offspring.

In 2007, seven detector dogs were produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer using one nuclear donor dog, then trained and certified as excellent detector dogs, similar to their donor. In 2011, we crossed a cloned male and normal female by natural breeding and produced ten offspring. In this study, we investigated the puppies' temperaments, which we later compared with those of the cloned parent male.

Distribution and Size Relationships of Plastic Marine Debris on Beaches in South Korea.

The characteristics of the distribution of plastic marine debris were determined on 12 beaches in South Korea in 2013 and 2014. The abundances of large micro- (1-5 mm), meso- (5-25 mm), and macroplastics (>25 mm) were 880.4, 37.

Intravitreal pharmacokinetics after posterior subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection in vitrectomized rabbit eyes.

Purpose: To investigate the intraocular pharmacokinetics of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injected into the posterior subtenon of vitrectomized rabbit eyes.

Methods: Vitrectomy was performed on the right eyes of 35 rabbits. Triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL) was injected into the posterior subtenon space of both eyes.