Risk factors of adjacent-segment disease after short-segment fusion in patients with de novo degenerative lumbar scoliosis.

Objective: Short-segment fusion (SSF) is an effective surgical option for appropriately selected patients with de novo degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DNDLS). Considering that DNDLS is frequently accompanied by multisegment degeneration and potential instability across the entire lumbar segments, it is inevitable that unhealthy segments remain after SSF, thereby increasing the potential risk of adjacent-segment disease (ASD) occurrence. Therefore, the authors aimed to identify the risk factors for ASD in patients with DNDLS who underwent SSF.

Clinical Significance of Lordosis Orientation on Proximal Junctional Kyphosis Development in Long-Segment Fusion Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the clinical impact of lordosis orientation (LO) on proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) development in adult spinal deformity surgery.

Methods: This study included 152 patients who underwent low thoracic (T9-T12) to pelvis fusion and were followed up for ≥2 years. In the literature, 6 radiographic parameters representing LO were introduced, such as uppermost instrumented vertebra (UIV) slope, UIV inclination, UIV-femoral angle (UIVFA), thoracolumbar tilt, thoracolumbar slope, and lordosis tilt.

Sarcopenia and Back Muscle Degeneration as Risk Factors for Degenerative Adult Spinal Deformity with Sagittal Imbalance and Degenerative Spinal Disease: A Comparative Study.

Background: Many factors affect spinal alignment in adult spinal deformity with sagittal imbalance. However, although the importance of the paravertebral muscle and ligamentum complex in proper spinal alignment is well recognized, little information is available regarding the role of the paravertebral muscles in maintaining sagittal spinal alignment.

Methods: A total of 108 patients who had visited our institution from January 2016 to June 2018 were included in the present study.

Changes in Gait and Radiographic and Clinical Results of Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy in Children with Idiopathic Flexible Flatfoot.

Backgroud: In this study, we aimed to analyze kinematic and kinetic changes in gait and to assess radiographic and clinical improvement after calcaneal lengthening osteotomy (CLO) in children with idiopathic symptomatic flexible flatfoot deformities.

Methods: The study group consisted of 22 children (28 feet) with idiopathic symptomatic flexible flatfoot, which was treated by CLO as an index operation. We excluded patients with flatfoot that developed secondary to neuromuscular diseases.

Sarcopenia and Back Muscle Degeneration as Risk Factors for Back Pain: A Comparative Study.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Purpose: To investigate the independent associations of back pain with sarcopenia and with back muscle degeneration, and to introduce a new risk index for back muscle degeneration.

Overview Of Literature: The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia recommends diagnosis using handgrip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass.