Effects of ChondroT on potassium Oxonate-induced Hyperuricemic mice: downregulation of xanthine oxidase and urate transporter 1.

Background: ChondroT, a new herbal medication, consists of the water extracts of Osterici Radix, Lonicerae Folium, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Clematidis Radix, and Phellodendri Cortex (6:4:4:4:3). We previously reported that ChondroT showed significant anti-arthritis and anti-inflammatory effects.

Methods: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ChondroT on hyperuricemia.

Safety and vaccine efficacy of an attenuated Vibrio vulnificus strain with deletions in major cytotoxin genes.

Vibrio vulnificus is a human pathogen causing a rapidly progressing fatal septicemia. We have previously reported that a V. vulnificus large toxin RtxA1 causes programmed necrotic cell death through calcium-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction.

PMA induces vaccine adjuvant activity by the modulation of TLR signaling pathway.

Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands are being developed for use as vaccine adjuvants and as immunomodulators because of their ability to stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. Flagellin, a TLR5 ligand, was reported to show potent mucosal vaccine adjuvant activity. To identify ligands that potentiate the adjuvant activity of flagellin, we screened a plant library using HEK293T cells transiently cotransfected with phTLR5 and pNF- κ B-SEAP plasmids.

Resveratrol modulates RTX toxin-induced cytotoxicity through interference in adhesion and toxin production.

Host-parasite contact is a prerequisite for the acute cytotoxicity of Vibrio vulnificus, which is mediated primarily by RtxA1, a repeat in toxin (RTX) toxin. We found that resveratrol (at 10 or 30 microM), a natural polyphenol, protected HeLa cells from V. vulnificus cytotoxicity.

Genistein inhibits Vibrio vulnificus adhesion and cytotoxicity to HeLa cells.

Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) is a useful model for bacterial septicemia as the bacterial infection generates a wide pathogenic spectrum in addition to a high mortality rate. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of genistein on the growth, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and the mouse mortality caused by V.

Protective effect of polygoni cuspidati radix and emodin on Vibrio vulnificus cytotoxicity and infection.

Vibrio vulnificus, a good model organism of bacterial septicemia, causes fatal septicemia manifesting a fulminating course and a high mortality rate within days. In order to identify new natural substances preventing V. vulnificus infection, a plant library was screened for inhibiting cytotoxicity to host cells by using Trypan blue staining and LDH assay.