Patient-centred outcomes in severe asthma: fatigue, sleep, physical activity and work.

Severe asthma places a significant burden on patients, with recent research revealing overlooked patient needs extending beyond physical symptoms. To optimise the patient-centred approach to managing severe asthma, it is crucial to deepen our understanding of these needs. This review examines the prevalence and impact of four prioritised patient needs in severe asthma, namely fatigue, sleep disturbances, physical inactivity and reduced presence and productivity at work.

Thermal ablation versus surgical resection of small-size colorectal liver metastases (COLLISION): an international, randomised, controlled, phase 3 non-inferiority trial.

Background: For patients with small-size colorectal liver metastases, growing evidence suggests thermal ablation to be associated with fewer adverse events and faster recovery than resection while also challenging resection in terms of local control and overall survival. This study assessed the potential non-inferiority of thermal ablation compared with surgical resection in patients with small-size resectable colorectal liver metastases.

Methods: Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) from 14 centres in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Italy with ten or fewer small-size (≤3 cm) colorectal liver metastases, no extrahepatic metastases, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2, were stratified per centre, and according to their disease burden, into low, intermediate, and high disease burden subgroups and randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either thermal ablation (experimental group) or surgical resection (control group) of all target colorectal liver metastases using the web-based module Castor electronic data capture with variable block sizes of 4, 6, and 8.

2024 Hong Kong College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Guidelines for cervical cancer prevention and screening.

Primary prevention of cervical cancer is best achieved by vaccinating girls with a prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Despite the high efficacy of such vaccines, cervical cancer screening remains necessary because current vaccines do not offer full protection. Secondary prevention via cervical screening should target all women from age 25 years or at the onset of sexual activity, whichever occurs later, until age 64 years.

Incidental findings in research brain MRI: Definition, prevalence and ethical implications.

Radiological incidental findings (IFs) are previously undetected abnormalities which are unrelated to the original indication for imaging and are unexpectedly discovered. In brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the prevalence of IFs is increasing. By reviewing the literature on IFs in brain MRI performed for research purposes and discussing ethical considerations of IFs, this paper provides an overview of brain IF research results and factors contributing to inconsistencies and considers how the consent process can be improved from an ethical perspective.

IL-8 and PI3K pathway influence the susceptibility of TRAIL-sensitive colorectal cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cell death.

Background: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an apoptosis inducer that exhibits an ideal therapeutic safety profile with less adverse effects than conventional chemotherapy. However, the occurrence of TRAIL resistance has been reported in various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Substantial efforts have been channelled towards managing TRAIL resistance including identifying molecular targets.

Therapeutic Response of Alopecia Areata-Associated Nail Changes to Baricitinib.

Nail changes are seen in some individuals with alopecia areata, with the most common variants including pitting and trachyonychia. The nail findings are presumed to be due to the same lymphocytic infiltration seen in hair bulbs in individuals with AA. Baricitinib is an immunomodulatory drug that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of JAK proteins and is indicated for adult patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.

Facilitative interpersonal skills in benign challenging therapy situations in trainee therapists: a pilot study.

Therapists' responses to challenging therapy situations on the Facilitative Interpersonal Skills (FIS) performance task are a significant predictor of therapists' differences in treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether the complexity of the therapy situation influenced the facilitative interpersonal skills of trainees. Trainee therapists (n=46) participated in an experiment in which they responded to a set of challenging and benign (i.

Recent advances in bifunctional synthesis gas conversion to chemicals and fuels with a comparison to monofunctional processes.

In order to meet the climate goals of the Paris Agreement and limit the potentially catastrophic consequences of climate change, we must move away from the use of fossil feedstocks for the production of chemicals and fuels. The conversion of synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide) can contribute to this. Several reactions allow to convert synthesis gas to oxygenates (such as methanol), olefins or waxes.

Patient perspectives on systematic client feedback in Dutch outpatient mental healthcare, a qualitative case reports study.

Objective: The added value of systematic client feedback (SCF) to psychotherapy can be affected by patient perspectives, both in a positive and negative way, and is influenced by cultural factors as well. Current study explores patients' perspectives on use and optimization of SCF in Dutch outpatient mental healthcare. Primary aim of present study is to generate implications for daily practice and optimize SCF implementation, particularly for the Netherlands.

Gene therapy with phosphodiesterases 2A and 4B ameliorates heart failure and arrhythmias by improving subcellular cAMP compartmentation.

Aims: Gene therapy with cardiac phosphodiesterases (PDEs), such as phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B), has recently been described to effectively prevent heart failure (HF) in mice. However, exact molecular mechanisms of its beneficial effects, apart from general lowering of cardiomyocyte cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, have not been elucidated. Here, we studied whether gene therapy with two types of PDEs, namely PDE2A and PDE4B, can prevent pressure-overload-induced HF in mice by acting on and restoring altered cAMP compartmentation in distinct subcellular microdomains.

The role of compartmentalized β-AR/cAMP signaling in the regulation of lipolysis in white and brown adipocytes.

White and brown adipocytes are central mediators of lipid metabolism and thermogenesis, respectively. Their function is tightly regulated by all three β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) subtypes which are coupled to the production of the second messenger 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). While known for decades in other cell types, compartmentation of adipocyte β-AR/cAMP signaling by spatial organization of the pathway and by cAMP degrading phosphodiesterases (PDEs) as well as its role in the regulation of lipolysis is only beginning to emerge.

ELISA assay for the quantification of ipilimumab in human serum, plasma, milk, and cerebrospinal fluid.

Ipilimumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). Ipilimumab has become part of the standard of care for different types of cancer. The efficacy of these treatments is limited due to immune-related toxicity and high economic costs.

Practice-Oriented Research: An Introduction to New Developments and Future Directions.

Aimed at understanding and improving psychological therapies as they are conducted in clinical routine, practice-oriented research (POR) is now a well-established approach to the scientific foundations of mental health care services. Resting on the accumulation of a wide range of practice-based evidence related to treatment outcome and process, as well as factors associated with the participants of psychotherapy and its context, POR is ripe for new developments - regarding what to investigate and how to investigate it. This paper is the introduction of a series devoted to recent advances and future directions of POR as their pertained to routine outcome monitoring, technologies and artificial intelligence, the integration of constructs and methods from program evaluation and implementation science, and the investigation of populations with limited financial resources across various regions of the world.

An In Situ TEM Study of the Influence of Water Vapor on Reduction of Nickel Phyllosilicate - Retarded Growth of Metal Nanoparticles at Higher Rates.

Unavoidable water formation during the reduction of solid catalyst precursors has long been known to influence the nanoparticle size and dispersion in the active catalyst. This in situ transmission electron microscopy study provides insight into the influence of water vapor at the nanoscale on the nucleation and growth of the nanoparticles (2-16 nm) during the reduction of a nickel phyllosilicate catalyst precursor under H/Ar gas at 700 °C. Water suppresses and delays nucleation, but counterintuitively increases the rate of particle growth.

A systematic review of the arts and humanities in psychiatry education.

This systematic review characterizes the published literature on arts and humanities curricula for psychiatry learners that include any form of program evaluation. Authors searched three databases (Medline ALL, Embase.com, and PsycINFO) to identify articles on arts and humanities in psychiatry education.

An examination of therapists' professional characteristics as moderators of the effect of feedback on psychological treatment outcomes.

Feedback-informed treatment (FIT) has been shown to reduce the gap between more and less effective therapists. This study aimed to examine therapists' professional characteristics as potential moderators of the effect of feedback on treatment outcomes. The IAPT-FIT Trial was a clinical trial where therapists were randomly assigned to a FIT group or a usual care control group.

Hospital infections and health-related quality of life after cardiac surgery: a multicenter survey.

Background: Recent research suggested that hospital infections are a predictive marker for physical non-recovery one year after cardiothoracic surgery. The purpose of this study was to explore whether this risk factor is etiologic. Additional, the influence of a potential effect modifying factor, diabetes mellitus, was investigated.

Routine Outcome Monitoring and Clinical Feedback in Psychotherapy: Recent Advances and Future Directions.

In the past decade, there has been an increase in research related to the routine collection and active use of standardized patient data in psychotherapy. Research has increasingly focused on personalization of care to patients, clinical skills and interventions that modulate treatment outcomes, and implementation strategies, all of which appear to enhance the beneficial effects of ROM and feedback. In this article, we summarize trends and recent advances in the research on this topic and identify several essential directions for the field in the short to medium term.