Fate of antibiotic resistance genes and metal resistance genes during thermophilic aerobic digestion of sewage sludge.

This study examines the fate of twenty-three representative antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) encoding tetracyclines, sulfonamides, quinolones, β-lactam antibiotics, macrolides, florfenicol and multidrug resistance during thermophilic aerobic digestion (TAD) of sewage sludge. The bacterial community, class 1 integrons (intI1) and four metal resistance genes (MRGs) were also quantified to determine the key drivers of changes in ARGs during TAD. At the end of digestion, significant decreases in the quantities of ARGs, MRGs and intI1 as well as 16S rRNA genes were observed.

Use of a filtering process to remove solid waste and antibiotic resistance genes from effluent of a flow-through fish farm.

The objective of this study was to investigate reduction in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via targeting solid waste in effluent from a flow-through aquaculture in South Korea. The level of suspended solids in the filtrates was approximately 12.5±2.

Quantitative and qualitative changes in antibiotic resistance genes after passing through treatment processes in municipal wastewater treatment plants.

In this study, quantitative and qualitative changes in antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) were investigated in two municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) treating pretreated livestock or industrial wastewater as well as municipal sewage. Total eight ARGs (tetX, tetM, tetA, sul1, sul2, ermB, qnrD, and bla) were quantified, and their relative abundance was assessed by ARGs copies/16S rRNA gene copies. The fate of ARGs was observed to be different between two WWTPs: sul, qnrD, and bla were proliferated during the treatment processes only in the WWTP1 which received pretreated livestock wastewater.

Biomethanation of Sewage Sludge with Food Waste Leachate Via Co-Digestion.

Anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste leachate (FWL) were performed by assessing methane production and characterizing microbial communities. Anaerobic digestion (AD) of waste activated sludge (WAS) alone produced the lowest methane (281 ml CH), but an approximately 80% increase in methane production was achieved via co-digestion of WAS and FWL (506 ml CH). There were less differences in the diversity of bacterial communities in anaerobic digesters, while archaeal (ARC) and bacterial (BAC) amounts reflected AD performance.