Single-cell data reveal heterogeneity of investment in ribosomes across a bacterial population.

Ribosomes are responsible for the synthesis of proteins, the major component of cellular biomass. Classical experiments have established a linear relationship between the fraction of resources invested in ribosomal proteins and the rate of balanced growth of a microbial population. Very little is known, however, about how the investment in ribosomes varies over individual cells in a population.

An Evaluation of 90Y Bremsstrahlung SPECT Image Quality in the Presence of 99mTc: A Technical Perspective on Same-Day Radioembolization.

In same-day radioembolization, 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT, 90Y radioembolization, and post-treatment 90Y SPECT/CT procedures are conducted on the same-day, resulting in a dual-isotope environment of 90Y and 99mTc during post-treatment imaging. This study aimed to quantify the impact of 99mTc on 90Y bremsstrahlung-SPECT/CT image quality and to establish an optimised imaging protocol for both clinical practice, and with advanced reconstruction techniques. Utilising a NEMA IQ phantom, contrast recovery coefficients (CRCs) were measured to evaluate the 90Y image quality degradation caused by 99mTc.

Antibiotic Utilization Among People With Multiple Sclerosis in the Netherlands, 2018-2020.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the intensity and patterns of antibiotic drug use among people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) in the Netherlands.

Methods: People with prevalent MS between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2020 were identified using ambulatory hospital records from the PHARMO Database Network that contains routinely collected healthcare data from the Netherlands. Out-patient pharmacy dispensing data were used to assess type of antibiotic, dosage, and amounts dispensed.

Discovery of RNA Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Using Cross-Platform Transcriptomics.

Microarray and Single-Molecule Molecular Inversion Probe (smMIP)-based targeted RNA sequencing are two RNA profiling platforms for identifying disease-associated biomarkers. The microarray uses a GeneChip array with oligonucleotide probes to measure expression levels across thousands of genes, while smMIPs capture and quantify RNA transcripts and transcript variants via next-generation sequencing. To evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of both platforms, a comparative gene expression profiling study was conducted using RNA samples from 52 prostate tissues (normal, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and various prostate cancer (PCa) grades).

Analysis of characteristics of patients whose sugammadex claims were denied by the Auto Insurance Claims Review Department of Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service: a retrospective single-center review.

Background: Recently, there have been many cases where sugammadex used in traffic accident patients has been deducted from auto insurance claims. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of sugammadex deductions through retrospective analysis.

Methods: We included patients who underwent general anesthesia after traffic accidents at our institution between January 2019 and December 2023.

Development of the Dutch Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet and its scoring system, alongside the modification of a brief FFQ for assessing dietary adherence.

The Mediterranean-Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is a dietary pattern designed to prevent cognitive decline. Dietary adherence is assessed with the MIND diet scoring system, which is currently based on the American diet and serving sizes. It is known that serving sizes and consumed food products differ between countries.

Safety and Feasibility of Interventional Hybrid Fluoroscopy and Nuclear Imaging in the Work-up Procedure of Hepatic Radioembolization.

Purpose To evaluate the safety and feasibility of a novel hybrid nuclear and fluoroscopy C-arm scanner to be used during the work-up procedure of hepatic radioembolization. Materials and Methods In this prospective first-in-human clinical study, 12 participants (median age, 67 years [range: 37-78 years]; nine [75%] male, three [25%] female) with liver tumors undergoing work-up for yttrium 90 radioembolization were included (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06013774).

Glycoengineering with neuraminic acid analogs to label lipooligosaccharides and detect native sialyltransferase activity in gram-negative bacteria.

Lipooligosaccharides are the most abundant cell surface glycoconjugates on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. They play important roles in host-microbe interactions. Certain Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria cap their lipooligosaccharides with the sialic acid, N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), to mimic host glycans that among others protects these bacteria from recognition by the hosts immune system.

Model-informed dose optimization of mycophenolic acid in pediatric kidney transplant patients.

Purpose: We aimed to develop and evaluate a population PK model of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in pediatric kidney transplant patients to aid MPA dose optimization.

Methods: Data were collected from pediatric kidney transplant recipients from a Dutch academic hospital (Radboudumc, the Netherlands). Pharmacokinetic model-building and model-validation analyses were performed using NONMEM.

Subtraction of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in radioembolization: a comparison of four methods.

Background: Subtraction of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images has a number of clinical applications in e.g. foci localization in ictal/inter-ictal SPECT and defect detection in rest/stress cardiac SPECT.

Ablation of Small Liver Metastases Presenting as Foci of Diffusion Restriction on MRI-Results from the Prospective Minimally Invasive Thermal Ablation (MITA) Study.

Purpose: Liver metastases presenting as small hyperintense foci on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) pose a therapeutic challenge. Ablation is generally not possible since these lesions are often occult on ultrasound and CT. The purpose of this prospective study was to assess if small liver metastases (≤10 mm) detected on DWI can be successfully localized and ablated with the Hepatic Arteriography and C-Arm CT-Guided Ablation technique (HepACAGA).

A complete chromosome substitution mapping panel reveals genome-wide epistasis in Arabidopsis.

Chromosome substitution lines (CSLs) are tentatively supreme resources to investigate non-allelic genetic interactions. However, the difficulty of generating such lines in most species largely yielded imperfect CSL panels, prohibiting a systematic dissection of epistasis. Here, we present the development and use of a unique and complete panel of CSLs in Arabidopsis thaliana, allowing the full factorial analysis of epistatic interactions.

A catalogue of recombination coldspots in interspecific tomato hybrids.

Increasing natural resistance and resilience in plants is key for ensuring food security within a changing climate. Breeders improve these traits by crossing cultivars with their wild relatives and introgressing specific alleles through meiotic recombination. However, some genomic regions are devoid of recombination especially in crosses between divergent genomes, limiting the combinations of desirable alleles.

Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) Global Practice Patterns: An International Survey by the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology Society of Europe (CIRSE).

Purpose: An international survey was conducted by the Cardiovascular Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE) to evaluate radioembolization practice and capture opinions on real-world clinical and technical aspects of this therapy.

Materials And Methods: A survey with 32 multiple choice questions was sent as an email to CIRSE members between November and December 2022. CIRSE group member and sister societies promoted the survey to their local members.

Improving the genetic stability of bacterial growth control for long-term bioproduction.

Using microorganisms for bioproduction requires the reorientation of metabolic fluxes from biomass synthesis to the production of compounds of interest. We previously engineered a synthetic growth switch in Escherichia coli based on inducible expression of the β- and β'-subunits of RNA polymerase. Depending on the level of induction, the cells stop growing or grow at a rate close to that of the wild-type strain.

An international phantom study of inter-site variability in Technetium-99m image quantification: analyses from the TARGET radioembolization study.

Background: Personalised multi-compartment dosimetry based on [Tc]Tc-MAA is a valuable tool for planning Y radioembolization treatments. The establishment and effective application of dose-effect relationships in yttrium-90 (Y) radioembolization requires [Tc]Tc-MAA SPECT quantification ideally independent of clinical site. The purpose of this multi-centre phantom study was to evaluate inter-site variability of [Tc]Tc-MAA imaging and evaluate a standardised imaging protocol.

Conventional versus Hepatic Arteriography and C-Arm CT-Guided Ablation of Liver Tumors (HepACAGA): A Comparative Analysis.

Purpose: Hepatic Arteriography and C-Arm CT-Guided Ablation of liver tumors (HepACAGA) is a novel technique, combining hepatic-arterial contrast injection with C-arm CT-guided navigation. This study compared the outcomes of the HepACAGA technique with patients treated with conventional ultrasound (US) and/or CT-guided ablation.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) treated with conventional US-/CT-guided ablation between 1 January 2015, and 31 December 2020, and patients treated with HepACAGA between 1 January 2021, and 31 October 2023, were included.

Probing Peptidoglycan Synthesis in the Gut Commensal Akkermansia Muciniphila with Bioorthogonal Chemical Reporters.

Our gut microbiota directly influences human physiology in health and disease. The myriad of surface glycoconjugates in both the bacterial cell envelope and our gut cells dominate the microbiota-host interface and play a critical role in host response and microbiota homeostasis. Among these, peptidoglycan is the basic glycan polymer offering the cell rigidity and a basis on which many other glycoconjugates are anchored.

Mutation mapping of a variegated EMS tomato reveals an FtsH-like protein precursor potentially causing patches of four phenotype classes in the leaves with distinctive internal morphology.

Background: Leaf variegation is an intriguing phenomenon observed in many plant species. However, questions remain on its mechanisms causing patterns of different colours. In this study, we describe a tomato plant detected in an M population of EMS mutagenised seeds, showing variegated leaves with sectors of dark green (DG), medium green (MG), light green (LG) hues, and white (WH).

Regional Variation in Cardiovascular Genes Enables a Tractable Genome Editing Strategy.

Background: To realize the potential of genome engineering therapeutics, tractable strategies must be identified that balance personalized therapy with the need for off-the-shelf availability. We hypothesized that regional clustering of pathogenic variants can inform the design of rational prime editing therapeutics to treat the majority of genetic cardiovascular diseases with a limited number of reagents.

Methods: We collated 2435 high-confidence pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in 82 cardiovascular disease genes from ClinVar.

Dose-effect relationships in neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases treated with [Ho]-radioembolization.

Purpose: Aim of this study was to investigate a dose-response relationship, dose-toxicity relationship, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases (NELM) treated with holmium-166-microspheres radioembolization ([Ho]-radioembolization).

Materials And Methods: Single center, retrospective study included patients with NELM that received [Ho]-radioembolization with post-treatment SPECT/CT and CECT or MRI imaging for 3 months follow-up. Post-treatment SPECT/CT was used to calculate tumour (D) and whole liver healthy tissue (D) absorbed dose.

Lung Mean Dose Prediction in Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE): Superiority of [Ho]-Scout Over [Tc]MAA in a Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Radiation pneumonitis is a serious complication of radioembolization. In holmium-166 ([Ho]) radioembolization, the lung mean dose (LMD) can be estimated (eLMD) using a scout dose with either technetium-99 m-macroaggregated albumin ([Tc]MAA) or [Ho]-microspheres. The accuracy of eLMD based on [Tc]MAA (eLMD) was compared to eLMD based on [Ho]-scout dose (eLMD) in two prospective clinical studies.