Extracellular baskets in inner hair cells and perineuronal nets in auditory nerves: Changes in noise-induced hearing loss rats.

Background: The extracellular baskets of cochlear inner hair cell (IhC) ribbon synapses have been suggested to regulate synaptic coupling. This study aimed to investigate the expression of components of the extracellular baskets of the IhCs, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) and a hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) in the cochlea and auditory nerve. In addition, changes in CSPGs and HAPLN1 in noise-injured cochleae were examined.

Metabolite changes by combined treatment, ethyl formate and low temperature, in Drosophila suzukii.

Although ethyl formate (EF) fumigant and low temperature applications are widely used for pest management, studies related to their mechanisms of action and subsequent metabolic changes in Drosophila suzukii models are still unclear. In this study, a comparative metabolome analysis was performed to investigate the major metabolites modified by EF and low temperature and how they are related to and affect insect physiology. Most of the identified metabolites function in metabolic pathways related to the biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and cofactors.

Comparative Metabolic Profiling in by Combined Treatment of Fumigant Phosphine and Low Temperature.

The mechanisms of action of phosphine are diverse and include neurotoxicity, metabolic inhibition, and oxidative stress; however, its efficacy at low temperatures is unclear. : Comparative metabolomics is suitable for investigating the response of the spotted-wing fly to exposure toward a combination of cold stimuli and fumigant PH. : Under this combined exposure, 52 metabolites exhibiting significant differences in stress were identified and their physiological roles were analyzed in the metabolic pathway.

Synergistic Effect of Cold Treatment Combined with Ethyl Formate Fumigation against (Diptera: Drosophilidae).

Drosophila suzukii is a quarantine pest that is rapidly spreading in berries. This study evaluated the synergistic effect of combination treatment with ethyl formate (EF) and cold temperature for D. suzukii control on imported grapes.