Sieving the weeds from the grains: an R based package for classifying archaeobotanical samples of cereals and pulses according to crop processing stages.

Unlabelled: The R package CropPro is an open-access resource to classify archaeobotanical samples as products and by-products of different stages of the crop processing sequence for large-seeded cereal and pulse crops in south west Asia, Europe and other Mediterranean regions. It builds on ethnographic research and analysis conducted by Jones (Plants and ancient man: studies in palaeoethnobotany. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 43-61, 1984), (J Archaeol Sci 14:311-323, 1987), (Circaea 6:91-96, 1990) and a modified method by Charles (Environ Archaeol 1:111-122, 1998).

Mass spectrometric detection of keratins in tear fluid.

Purpose: Keratin contamination is a common problem in mass spectrometry proteomic analyses, particularly in bottom-up mass spectrometry. The purpose of this study was to determine the protein contaminants introduced during the proteomic analysis of tear fluid.

Methods: Human tear fluid samples were collected using Schirmer strips.

Direct specification of lymphatic endothelium from mesenchymal progenitors.

During embryogenesis, endothelial cells (ECs) are generally described to arise from a common pool of progenitors termed angioblasts, which diversify through iterative steps of differentiation to form functionally distinct subtypes of ECs. A key example is the formation of lymphatic ECs (LECs), which are thought to arise largely through transdifferentiation from venous endothelium. Opposing this model, here we show that the initial expansion of mammalian LECs is primarily driven by the in situ differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors and does not require transition through an intermediate venous state.

Targeted enamel remineralization with mineral-loaded starch particles.

Background: Noninvasive caries treatments work topically, which may limit efficacy. The authors hypothesized that an alternative approach using mineral-loaded particles designed to target the subsurface of noncavitated caries lesions could be advantageous. This study shows in vitro proof-of-concept.

Co-designing a low-intensity psychological therapy for fear of recurrence in psychosis using translational learning from fear of recurrence in oncology: protocol for intervention development for future testing in a feasibility study.

Introduction: Fear of recurrence is a transdiagnostic problem experienced by people with psychosis, which is associated with anxiety, depression and risk of future relapse events. Despite this, there is a lack of available psychological interventions for fear of recurrence, and psychological therapies for schizophrenia are often poorly implemented in general. However, low-intensity psychological therapy is available for people who experience fear of recurrence in the context of cancer, which means there is an opportunity to learn what has worked in a well-implemented psychological therapy to see if any learning can be adapted for schizophrenia care.

The Application of Digital PCR as a Reference Measurement Procedure to Support the Accuracy of Quality Assurance for Infectious Disease Molecular Diagnostic Testing.

Background: Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) assist in the diagnosis of numerous infectious diseases. They are typically sensitive and specific and can be quickly developed and adapted. Far more challenging is the development of standards to ensure NAATs are performing within specification; reference materials take time to develop and suitable reference measurement procedures (RMPs) have not been available.

use multiple mechanisms to disseminate from the intestinal lamina propria to the mesenteric lymph nodes.

Unlabelled: are facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause foodborne disease in humans. The bacteria can use the surface protein InlA to invade intestinal epithelial cells or transcytose across M cells in the gut, but it is not well understood how the bacteria traffic from the underlying lamina propria to the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Previous studies indicated that associated with both monocytes and dendritic cells in the intestinal lamina propria.

Landscape influences bat suppression of pine processionary moth: Implications for pest management.

Bats provide important ecosystem services, particularly in agriculture, yet integrating bat management into conservation plans remains challenging. Some landscape features considerably influence bat presence, diversity, and ecosystem service provision. Understanding the relationship between landscape structure, composition, pest suppression, and ecosystem services is crucial.

Associations between endogenous sex hormones and multisite chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Background: Sex-differences in pain perception have been documented; however, the role of sex hormones in chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated whether sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) are associated with CMP.

Methods: We utilised data from the UK Biobank (n=357 424; females: 51.

Association between osteoarthritis-related serum biochemical markers over 10-13 years and knee symptoms in middle-aged adults.

Objectives: To describe the associations between OA-related biochemical markers and knee symptoms in middle-aged adults followed up over 10-13 years.

Methods: Blood samples were collected during the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (CDAH)-1 study (year: 2004-06) and 10-13 year follow-up at CDAH-3. Serum samples from baseline (n=156) and follow-up (n=167) were analyzed for three OA-related biomarkers [cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, and hyaluronan (HA)] using non-isotopic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Structured tailored rehabilitation after hip fragility fracture: The 'Stratify' feasibility and pilot randomised controlled trial protocol.

Background: Rehabilitation in hospital is effective in reducing mortality after hip fracture. However, there is uncertainty over optimal in-hospital rehabilitation treatment ingredients, and the generalizability of trial findings to subgroups of patients systematically excluded from previous trials. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial which aims to assess the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of adding a stratified care intervention to usual care designed to improve outcomes of acute rehabilitation for all older adults after hip fracture.

Absolute depth-resolved optic axis measurement with catheter-based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography.

Imaging depth-resolved birefringence and optic axis orientation with polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) unveils details of tissue structure and organization that can be of high pathophysiologic, mechanistic, and diagnostic value. For catheter-based PS-OCT, the dynamic rotation of the fiber optic probe, in addition to the polarization effects of the system components, complicates the reliable and robust reconstruction of the sample's optic axis orientation. Addressing this issue, we present a new method for the reconstruction of absolute depth-resolved optic axis orientation in catheter-based PS-OCT by using the intrinsic retardance of the protecting catheter sheath as a stable guide star signal.

Synaptic acetylcholine induces sharp wave ripples in the basolateral amygdala through nicotinic receptors.

While the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is critical in the consolidation of emotional memories, mechanisms underlying memory consolidation in this region are not well understood. In the hippocampus, memory consolidation depends upon network signatures termed sharp wave ripples (SWR). These SWRs largely occur during states of awake rest or slow wave sleep and are inversely correlated with cholinergic tone.

Gene model for the ortholog of in .

Gene model for the ortholog of ( ) in the May 2017 (Princeton ASM75419v2/DsimGB2) Genome Assembly (GenBank Accession: GCA_000754195.3 ) of . This ortholog was characterized as part of a developing dataset to study the evolution of the Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) across the genus using the Genomics Education Partnership gene annotation protocol for Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.

High-flow nasal cannula is an expensive and clunky placebo: myth or maxim?

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is now a commonly used noninvasive method of providing respiratory support to children and young people. Its rapid spread into varied clinical applications has often left assessment of the evidence of its mechanism of action and clinical benefit lagging behind its uptake. This review will discuss the proposed mechanisms of action of HFNC, review the evidence base for its use, cover its applications in paediatrics and outline its limitations.

Tofacitinib versus Vedolizumab Among Bio-naïve Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Real-World Propensity-Weighted Comparison.

Background And Aims: Over the last decade, treatment options for moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) have expanded. However, comparative studies between these agents are limited, especially among biologic-naïve patients. We aimed to compare the persistence, effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib and vedolizumab as the first advanced treatment for patients with UC.

Acetabular dysplasia and the risk of developing hip osteoarthritis within 4-8 years: An individual participant data meta-analysis of 18,807 hips from the World COACH consortium.

Objective: To study the association between various radiographic definitions of acetabular dysplasia (AD) and incident radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA), and to analyze in subgroups.

Methods: Hips free of RHOA at baseline and with follow-up within 4-8 years were drawn from the World COACH consortium. The Wiberg center edge angle (WCEA), acetabular depth width ratio (ADR), and the modified acetabular index (mAI) were calculated.

Evaluation of wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 in a prison population: a mixed-methods approach.

Background: Prisons are high-risk settings for the transmission of communicable disease. Robust surveillance systems are required to identify and control outbreaks. Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 was introduced in four prisons in Wales in March 2022.

In Silico Screening of CO-Dipeptide Interactions for Bioinspired Carbon Capture.

Carbon capture, sequestration and utilization offers a viable solution for reducing the total amount of atmospheric CO concentrations. On an industrial scale, amine-based solvents are extensively employed for CO capture through chemisorption. Nevertheless, this method is marked by the high cost associated with solvent regeneration, high vapor pressure, and the corrosive and toxic attributes of by-products, such as nitrosamines.