Coping with salinity change: How does the cyclopoid copepod Apocyclops royi (Lindberg 1940) do it?

The cyclopoid copepod species Apocyclops royi has attracted significant attention due to its importance in marine food webs and its role as a vital food source for many marine organisms, particularly marine fish larvae. This study aims to understand the activity patterns, osmoregulation mechanisms, and physiological adaptations of A. royi in response to acute decreasing salinities.

Metabolites, ions, and the mechanisms behind seasonal cold hardening of Pyrochroa coccinea (Pyrochroidae) larvae.

The larvae of the black headed cardinal beetle Pyrochroa coccinea, overwinters under the bark of dead logs in northern European dioecious forests, and are thus exposed to temperatures below the melting point of their bodily fluids. Here we explore the mechanisms behind their seasonal cold hardening by characterising field samples collected monthly throughout the year. Both the lower lethal temperature and supercooling point dropped as much as 10℃ in the second half of November, reaching values around -15℃ by the beginning of December.