Chromosome-scale genome assembly and de novo annotation of Alopecurus aequalis.

Alopecurus aequalis is a winter annual or short-lived perennial bunchgrass which has in recent years emerged as the dominant agricultural weed of barley and wheat in certain regions of China and Japan, causing significant yield losses. Its robust tillering capacity and high fecundity, combined with the development of both target and non-target-site resistance to herbicides means it is a formidable challenge to food security. Here we report on a chromosome-scale assembly of A.

Influence of Humeral Component Cement and Bone Grafting on Greater Tuberosity Healing and Functional Outcomes After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is increasingly used in the treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) with reliable clinical improvement. However, the preferred techniques for humeral stem fixation are varied and may be influenced by patient and injury characteristics, including bone quality and fracture pattern. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the effect of humeral component cementing and bone grafting on tuberosity healing rates and functional outcomes after RSA for PHFs.

Predictors of Internal Rotation-Dependent Activities of Daily Living Performance and Favorable Satisfaction Despite Loss of Objective Internal Rotation After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Previous research has determined that objective and subjective internal rotation (IR) may be discordant. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of patient-reported ability to perform IR-dependent activities of daily living (IRADLs) and favorable patient satisfaction after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) despite the loss of objective IR.

Methods: A single, institutional, shoulder arthroplasty database was queried for patients undergoing primary RSA with a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Clinical Outcomes of Bilateral Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes in patients who underwent bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) at a single institution. Secondarily, we evaluated the influence of the time interval between successive TSAs on clinical outcomes of the second TSA.

Methods: A single-institution shoulder arthroplasty database was reviewed for patients undergoing bilateral primary anatomic TSA (aTSA) or reverse TSA (rTSA) between 2000 and 2022.

Does Tranexamic Acid Improve Early Postoperative Shoulder Motion After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty?

Purpose: Although the hematologic benefits of tranexamic acid (TXA) have been thoroughly evaluated, an additional value demonstrated in knee arthroplasty and rotator cuff repair is improved early postoperative range of motion (ROM). This study aims to evaluate whether TXA given during total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) confers improved early postoperative ROM or pain.

Methods: We did retrospective review of 653 TSAs (223 anatomic TSA [aTSA] and 430 reverse TSA [rTSA]) performed in 596 patients at a single institution from 2007 to 2022.

Defining the tipping point for revision reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: This study sought to characterize the tipping point values (the functional scores that patients deem dysfunctional enough to warrant surgery) for patients undergoing first revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA).

Methods: This study was a retrospective review of a prospectively collected single-institution database of patients undergoing first revision rTSA between August 2015 and December 2019. Tipping point evaluation utilized preoperative scores including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), raw and normalized Constant, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) scores, and active range of motion including abduction, forward elevation (FE), external rotation (ER), and internal rotation score (IR) prior to elective revision rTSA.

A reproducible method for evaluating the degree and direction of overstuffing of the humeral head component in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Improper sizing of the humeral head component in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (ATSA) can overstuff the joint, potentially compromising outcomes. The purpose of this study was to validate a novel method of evaluating glenohumeral joint overstuffing in which superoinferior and mediolateral overstuffing can be evaluated independently relative to the native humeral anatomy.

Methods: We identified 25 patients who underwent ATSA and the best Grashey radiograph taken within 1 year of follow-up was assessed using our proposed technique.

Arrhythmia Challenges in Cardio-Oncology: High-Risk Therapies, Management, and Anticoagulation.

Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the leading cause of mortality in the United States. In 2021, there were 695,547 and 605,213 deaths due to heart disease and cancer, respectively. With novel oncologic and cardiac therapies, survival has improved leading to increased life-expectancy albeit with chronic illness burden.

The effect of smoking on functional outcomes and implant survival of anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty.

Aims: We sought to compare functional outcomes and survival between non-smokers, former smokers, and current smokers who underwent anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) in a large cohort of patients.

Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively collected shoulder arthroplasty database was performed between August 1991 and September 2020 to identify patients who underwent primary aTSA. Patients were excluded for preoperative diagnoses of fracture, infection, or oncological disease.

6-Fold-Coordinated Beryllium in Calcite-Type Be[CO].

The anhydrous beryllium carbonate Be[CO] with calcite-type crystal structure was obtained by a reaction of BeO with CO in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at pressures between 30 GPa and 80 GPa and elevated temperatures. Its calcite-type crystal structure (3̅ with = 6) is characterized by 6-fold-coordinated beryllium atoms forming [BeO] octahedra and by trigonal-planar [CO] groups. The crystal structure was determined by synchrotron-based single-crystal X-ray diffraction and confirmed by density-functional-theory-based calculations in combination with experimental Raman spectroscopy.

The management of idiopathic toe walking.

Aims: The aim of this study was to gain a consensus for best practice of the assessment and management of children with idiopathic toe walking (ITW) in order to provide a benchmark for practitioners and guide the best consistent care.

Methods: An established Delphi approach with predetermined steps and degree of agreement based on a standardized protocol was used to determine consensus. The steering group members and Delphi survey participants included members from the British Society of Children's Orthopaedic Surgery (BSCOS) and the Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapists (APCP).

Characterizing Psychological Resources and Resilience in Patients With Bladder Cancer: Associations With Frailty and Quality of Life.

Purpose: Resilience, the ability to maintain or restore baseline function after a stressor, remains unexplored in patients with bladder cancer. Our objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of prospectively characterizing baseline resilience, related psychological resources, and frailty in patients with bladder cancer and evaluate associations with quality-of-life and mental health outcomes over time.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled patients with bladder cancer (N = 67, September 2020-July 2021) into a prospective, observational, cohort study.

Rehabilitation protocols in proximal humerus fracture management: A systematic review.

Background: Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are relatively common, although optimal rehabilitation is unknown. This review aims to characterize the published rehabilitation regimens utilized for PHFs.

Methods: A systematic review was performed per PRISMA guidelines, utilizing PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane.

Quality indicators prospectively associated with falls in inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

Objective: Retrospective studies suggest quality indicators (QI) are associated with falls in inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs), but this claim has not yet been validated prospectively. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between QI codes and falls in a prospective sample.

Design: For this prospective observational cohort study, we followed 658 patients from 4 IRFs who were consecutively admitted and discharged over a 6-month period.

Management and outcomes of histoplasmosis in youth with inflammatory bowel disease in an endemic area.

Objective: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prescribed immunosuppressive therapies including antitumor necrosis factor (aTNF) therapies are at increased risk of histoplasmosis. We aim to evaluate the presentation, management, and outcomes of youth with IBD and concurrent histoplasmosis.

Methods: Single center, retrospective review of youth with IBD diagnosed with histoplasmosis from January 12, 2007 to January 1, 2022.

Evaluating Treatment Patterns and the Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Plasmacytoid Urothelial Carcinoma: Insights from a Combined National and Institutional Series.

Background: Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a rare histologic subtype of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (BC). Our objective was to characterize treatment patterns and outcomes of PUC in the NCDB and our recent institutional experience.

Methods: The NCDB was queried for localized PUC cases between 2004 and 2020.

Survivorship and clinical outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in patients with large glenoid defects using the stilting technique and a baseplate with central ingrowth cage and peripheral locking screws.

Background: Stilting is a novel technique used in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in patients with significant glenoid bone loss. This technique utilizes peripheral locking screws placed behind an unseated portion of the baseplate to transmit forces from the baseplate to the cortical surface of the glenoid, without the need for bone grafting. The stilted screw, once locked, provides a fixed angle point of support for this unseated aspect of a baseplate.