Comparison of optical microscopy and optical coherence tomography as quality assurance methods for evaluating lubricious hydrophilic coatings surrounding catheter shafts.

Cardiac catheters are a vital tool in medicine due to their widespread use in many minimally invasive procedures. To aid in advancing the catheter within the patient's vasculature, many catheters are coated with a lubricious hydrophilic coating (HPC). Although HPCs benefit patients, their delamination during use is a serious safety concern.

Critical incidents related to opioid infusions in children: a five-year review and analysis.

Purpose: Opioids have a narrow therapeutic index and have the potential to cause significant harm. Developmental and pharmacogenetic factors put children, and especially infants, at increased risk of complications. We performed a retrospective root cause analysis to identify the factors associated with critical incidents in children receiving opioid infusions in a tertiary care children's hospital.

Real-time cardiorespiratory coherence is blind to changes in respiration during general anesthesia.

Purpose: A novel real-time cardiorespiratory coherence (CRC) algorithm has been developed to monitor nociception during general anesthesia. CRC uses custom designed filters to track and analyze the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as it moves in time and frequency. CRC is a form of sensor fusion between heart rate and respiration, estimating the strength of linear coupling between the two signals.

An evaluation of an expert system for detecting critical events during anesthesia in a human patient simulator: a prospective randomized controlled study.

Background: Perioperative monitoring systems produce a large amount of uninterpreted data, use threshold alarms prone to artifacts, and rely on the clinician to continuously visually track changes in physiological data. To address these deficiencies, we developed an expert system that provides real-time clinical decisions for the identification of critical events. We evaluated the efficacy of the expert system for enhancing critical event detection in a simulated environment.

Monitoring nociception during general anesthesia with cardiorespiratory coherence.

A novel wavelet transform cardiorespiratory coherence (WTCRC) algorithm has been developed to measure the autonomic state. WTCRC may be used as a nociception index, ranging from 0 (no nociception, strong coherence) to 100 (strong nociception, low coherence). The aim of this study is to estimate the sensitivity of the algorithm to nociception (dental dam insertions) and antinociception (bolus doses of anesthetic drugs).

Real-time cardiorespiratory coherence detects antinociception during general anesthesia.

Heart rate variability (HRV) may provide anesthesiologists with a noninvasive tool for monitoring nociception during general anesthesia. A novel real-time cardiorespiratory coherence (CRC) algorithm has been developed to analyze the strength of linear coupling between heart rate (HR) and respiration. CRC values range from 0 (low coherence, strong nociception) to 1 (high coherence, no nociception).

Wavelet transform cardiorespiratory coherence detects patient movement during general anesthesia.

Heart rate variability (HRV) may provide anesthesiologists with a noninvasive tool for monitoring nociception during general anesthesia. A novel wavelet transform cardiorespiratory coherence (WTCRC) algorithm has been developed to calculate estimates of the linear coupling between heart rate and respiration. WTCRC values range from 1 (high coherence, no nociception) to 0 (low coherence, strong nociception).