Does embryo quality at transfer affect obstetric outcomes and placental findings?

Study Question: Do obstetric outcomes and placental findings in pregnancies conceived with IVF vary according to embryo quality?

Summary Answer: Pregnancies following the transfer of lower-quality embryos were associated with a higher rate of low-lying placentas and several adverse placental lesions.

What Is Known Already: A few studies have shown reduced pregnancy and live births rates with poor-quality embryo transfer, yet with comparable obstetric outcomes. None of these studies included placental analysis.

The effect of oestrogen dose and duration in programmed frozen cycles on obstetric outcomes and placental findings.

Research Question: Does programmed frozen embryo transfer (FET) with high-dose oestrogen affect obstetric outcomes and placental findings?

Design: A retrospective cohort of live singleton deliveries at a single institution between 2009 and 2017, including deliveries attained by IVF with programmed FET; oocyte recipients were excluded. High-dose oestrogen was defined as a daily dose >6 mg throughout treatment. All placentas were evaluated regardless of complication status and the Amsterdam classification was used to analyse findings.

Effect of Parity on Placental Histopathology Features in Singleton Live Births Following IVF.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of parity (primipara vs multipara) on the histopathology of the placenta in singleton live births following in vitro fertilization. We conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating data of all IVF resulted live births from one university affiliated hospital during 2009-2017. All patients had the placenta sent for pathological evaluation.

Diminished ovarian reserve is a risk factor for preeclampsia and placental malperfusion lesions.

Objective: To assess obstetric outcomes and placental findings in pregnancies attained by in vitro fertilization (IVF) in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University-affiliated tertiary hospital.

Does a history of recurrent pregnancy loss affect subsequent obstetric outcomes and placental findings in in vitro fertilization?

Purpose: To assess perinatal outcomes and placental findings in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients with previous recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort of live singleton births following IVF at a single university-affiliated center between 2009 and 2017. Outcomes were compared between patients with previous RPL, defined as two miscarriages (RPL group), and patients without RPL (control group).

Pregnancy complications and placental histology in in vitro fertilization pregnancies with initial low serum β-hCG levels.

Objective: To assess perinatal outcomes and placental findings after in vitro fertilization (IVF) with an initial low serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University-affiliated tertiary hospital.

Dual-Layer Spectral-Computed Tomography Enhances the Separability of Calcium-Based Implant Material from Bone: An Ex Vivo Quantitative Imaging Study.

Local treatment of bone loss with an injection of a resorbable, calcium-based implant material to replace bone has a long history of clinical use. The in vivo discrimination of changes in bone versus implant is challenging with standard computed tomography (CT). However, spectral-CT techniques enable the separation between tissues of similar densities but different chemical compositions.

The effect of endometriosis on placental histopathology and perinatal outcome in singleton live births resulting from IVF.

Research Question: Does endometriosis have an effect on the placental histopathology pattern and perinatal outcome in singleton live births resulting from IVF treatment?

Design: Retrospective cohort study evaluating the data on all live births following IVF treatment between 2009 and 2017 at one university-affiliated tertiary hospital. All patients had placentas sent for full gross and histopathology assessment, irrespective of complication status or delivery mode. The primary outcomes of the study included anatomical, inflammation, vascular malperfusion and villous maturation placental disorders.

The effect of higher estradiol levels during stimulation on pregnancy complications and placental histology.

Introduction: We aimed to assess obstetric outcomes and placental histology in stimulated in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles with a high serum estradiol level.

Methods: This was a historic cohort of live singleton deliveries after IVF, at a single university affiliated medical center between 2009 and 2017. Included were pregnancies following controlled ovarian stimulation with fresh embryo transfer.

Pregnancy complications and placental histology following embryo transfer with a thinner endometrium.

Study Question: Are deliveries following IVF with a thinner endometrium associated with adverse perinatal outcomes and placental findings?

Summary Answer: Live births following IVF with a thinner endometrium are associated with an increased rate of placental-mediated obstetric complications and lower birthweight, while the placentas are notable for gross anatomical and histological malperfusion lesions.

What Is Known Already: Past studies have noted a higher rate of adverse outcomes on deliveries following IVF with a thinner endometrium, mainly placental-associated complications. However, no study to date has investigated placental histopathology in such cases.

Placental histology following assisted hatching in fresh transfer cycles.

Purpose: To assess placental histological findings following assisted hatching in fresh transfer in vitro fertilization cycles.

Methods: Evaluation of a historic cohort of live singleton deliveries after fresh embryo transfer (ET) at a single university medical center between 2009 and 2017. We compared perinatal outcomes and placental histology in cases where assisted hatching was performed prior to ET (AH group) and cases with no AH (no AH group).

Triphasic calcium-based implant material resorbs and is replaced with bone in ovariectomized rats with or without bisphosphonate treatment.

This study evaluated the effects of AGN1, a triphasic calcium-based material, and alendronate (A) on distal femoral defect bone repair in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Of 106 rats, 92 were OVX'ed at 12 weeks old and underwent a 12-week induction period. Animals were randomized into five groups: OVX Control, OVX Alendronate Control, Normal Control, OVX Implantation, OVX Alendronate + Implantation.

AGN1 implant material to treat bone loss: Resorbable implant forms normal bone with and without alendronate in a canine critical size humeral defect model.

Background: Fractures secondary to osteoporosis, particularly those of the hip and spine, are a major public health concern with high social and economic costs. The Local Osteo-Enhancement Procedure (LOEP) is an approach intended to strengthen skeletal areas that are at the highest risk for fracture due to osteoporosis. LOEP involves the implantation of AGN1, a triphasic, calcium-based, osteoconductive material which is then resorbed and replaced by bone.

Maternal hypothyroidism and its effect on placental histopathology in singleton live births resulting from fertilization treatment.

We aimed to examine the impact of maternal hypothyroidism on placental pathology and perinatal outcomes in singleton live births resulting from IVF, using medical records of IVF births between 2009 and 2017 at a tertiary hospital. The primary outcomes included anatomical, inflammation, vascular malperfusion, and villous maturation placental features. Secondary outcomes included foetal, maternal, perinatal, and delivery complications.

Effect of newborn gender on placental histopathology and perinatal outcome in singleton live births following IVF.

Research Question: Does newborn gender affect placental histopathology pattern and perinatal outcome in singleton live births following IVF treatment?

Design: Retrospective cohort study evaluating data of all live births from one academic tertiary hospital following IVF treatment during 2009-2017. All patients had placentas sent for pathological evaluation irrelevant of maternal and fetal complications status. Exclusion criteria were abnormal uterine cavity findings, previous uterine surgery, in-vitro maturation cycles, gestational carrier cycles, oocyte recipient cycles, preimplantation genetic diagnosis cycles and multiple pregnancies.

Effect of embryo stage at transfer on placental histopathology features in singleton live births resulting from fresh embryo transfers.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of embryo stage at transfer on placental histopathology and perinatal outcome in singleton live births resulting from fresh embryo transfers (ETs).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Not applicable.

Impact of intramural non-cavity-distorting leiomyoma on placental histopathology and perinatal outcome in singleton live births resulting from in vitro fertilization treatment.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of non-cavity-distorting intramural leiomyomas on the placental histopathology pattern and perinatal outcome in singleton live births resulting from in vitro fertilization treatment.

Methods: The study population included all singleton live births following in vitro fertilization treatment with autologous oocytes during the period from 2009 to 2017. Primary outcomes included anatomical, inflammation, vascular malperfusion, and villous maturation placental features.

In vitro injection of osteoporotic cadaveric femurs with a triphasic calcium-based implant confers immediate biomechanical integrity.

Current pharmaceutical therapies can reduce hip fractures by up to 50%, but compliance to treatment is low and therapies take up to 18 months to reduce risk. Thus, alternative or complementary approaches to reduce the risk of hip fracture are needed. The AGN1 local osteo-enhancement procedure (LOEP) is one such alternative approach, as it is designed to locally replace bone lost due to osteoporosis and provide immediate biomechanical benefit.