Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Unilateral Coats disease - a Global Collaborative Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in unilateral Coats disease in the era of anti-VEGF therapy.

Design: Global, multicenter, retrospective case series.

Subjects: 656 eyes of 656 subjects with Coats disease were included in this study.

The San Francisco Health Systems Collaborative: Public Health and Health Care Delivery Systems' Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic.

The Covid-19 pandemic challenged health care delivery systems worldwide. Many acute care hospitals in communities that experienced surges in cases and hospitalizations had to make decisions such as rationing scarce resources. Hospitals serving low-income communities, communities of color, and those in other historically marginalized or vulnerable groups reported the greatest operational impacts of surges.

Use of an Artificial Intelligence-Generated Vascular Severity Score Improved Plus Disease Diagnosis in Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Purpose: To evaluate whether providing clinicians with an artificial intelligence (AI)-based vascular severity score (VSS) improves consistency in the diagnosis of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Design: Multireader diagnostic accuracy imaging study.

Participants: Eleven ROP experts, 9 of whom had been in practice for 10 years or more.

Coats Plus Syndrome in a Premature Infant, With a Focus on Management.

Purpose: A premature infant was diagnosed with Coats plus syndrome based on a genetic evaluation showing biallelic heterozygous pathogenic variants.

Methods: A case study was performed, including findings and interventions.

Results: A premature infant born 30 weeks gestational age weighing 817 g was evaluated for retinopathy of prematurity at 35 weeks corrected gestational age.

Hyperoxia Induced Hypomyelination.

We asked whether hyperoxia might induce hypomyelination of the corpus callosum, clinically described as periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) of the severely preterm infant. Mouse pups and their nursing dams were placed in 80% oxygen from P4-P8, then removed to room air until P11. Corpus callosal sections were probed myelin immunofluorescence, tested for myelin basic protein concentration by Western blot, and both glial fibrillary acidic protein levels and apoptosis quantified.

Referable Macular Hemorrhage-A Clinically Meaningful Screening Target in Newborn Infants. Position Statement of the Association of Pediatric Retina Surgeons.

Universal newborn eye screening facilitates early diagnosis of ocular abnormalities and mitigates vision loss. "Referral warranted" eye disease is present at birth in about 5.5% of term infants, with "macular hemorrhage impinging on the fovea" representing about 50% of referral warranted disease.

Hyperoxia Inhibits Proliferation of Retinal Endothelial Cells in a Myc-Dependent Manner.

Oxygen supplementation is necessary to prevent mortality in severely premature infants. However, the supraphysiological concentration of oxygen utilized in these infants simultaneously creates retinovascular growth attenuation and vasoobliteration that induces the retinopathy of prematurity. Here, we report that hyperoxia regulates the cell cycle and retinal endothelial cell proliferation in a previously unknown Myc-dependent manner, which contributes to oxygen-induced retinopathy.

Assessment of a Hotel-Based COVID-19 Isolation and Quarantine Strategy for Persons Experiencing Homelessness.

Importance: Several jurisdictions in the United States have secured hotels to temporarily house people experiencing homelessness who require isolation or quarantine for confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To our knowledge, little is known about how these programs serve this vulnerable population outside the hospital setting.

Objective: To assess the safety of a hotel-based isolation and quarantine (I/Q) care system and its association with inpatient hospital capacity.

Reduction of Glut1 in the Neural Retina But Not the RPE Alleviates Polyol Accumulation and Normalizes Early Characteristics of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Hyperglycemia is a key determinant for development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Inadequate glycemic control exacerbates retinopathy, while normalization of glucose levels delays its progression. In hyperglycemia, hexokinase is saturated and excess glucose is metabolized to sorbitol by aldose reductase via the polyol pathway.

The U.S. National Trend for Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Objective: The use of supplemental oxygen in premature infants is essential for survival. However, its use has been associated with unintended complications. The restricted use of oxygen is associated with increased mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), whereas its liberal use is associated with increased risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

VITREOUS SEEDING OF CHOROIDAL MELANOMA.

Purpose: To report a case of vitreous seeding in a medium-sized choroidal melanoma and review the literature.

Methods: Observational case report and review of literature for pathogenesis, role of vitreous biopsy, and treatment outcomes.

Results: A case of 57-year-old man diagnosed with vitreous seeding in the left eye 1 year after episcleral brachytherapy for medium-sized choroidal melanoma.

Rank Order of Small Molecule Induced Hypoxiamimesis to Prevent Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Here we rank order small molecule inhibitors of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) using severity of oxygen induced retinopathy (OIR) as an outcome measure. Dose response analyses in cell cultures of hepatoma (Hep3B), retinal Müller cells (MIO-M1) and primary retinal endothelial cells were conducted to evaluate potency by comparing dose to HIF-1,2 protein levels by western blotting. dose response was determined using the luciferase-transgene HIF reporter (luc-ODD).

Hyperoxia induces glutamine-fuelled anaplerosis in retinal Müller cells.

Although supplemental oxygen is required to promote survival of severely premature infants, hyperoxia is simultaneously harmful to premature developing tissues such as in the retina. Here we report the effect of hyperoxia on central carbon metabolism in primary mouse Müller glial cells and a human Müller glia cell line (M10-M1 cells). We found decreased flux from glycolysis entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle in Müller cells accompanied by increased glutamine consumption in response to hyperoxia.

Novel mutation in causes familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) and microcephaly: case report and review of the literature.

: Neonatal retinal folds and/or vitreoretinal traction can be signs of isolated ocular or syndromic disorders. Etiologies include retinopathy of prematurity, perinatal infections or inherited vitreoretinal disorders such as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) or Norrie disease. We present the clinical and genetic findings of a two-month-old infant with microcephaly, mild motor developmental delay, and FEVR, who required urgent surgical interventions.

Bilateral Release of Falciform Retrolental Adhesion by Scleral Buckling in Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy.

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) can often present with retinal falciform folds, and rarely with retrolenticular adhesive radial retinal folds. Management of advanced FEVR-associated tractional falciform folds with retrolenticular adhesion to the peripheral retina in the literature has been limited to vitrectomy with or without lensectomy. The authors describe a unique surgical management of a case of bilateral FEVR-associated tractional radial folds with nonaxial retrolenticular adhesion treated with scleral buckling with deferred laser, avoiding the complications associated with vitrectomy and lensectomy on ocular development.

Serine and 1-carbon metabolism are required for HIF-mediated protection against retinopathy of prematurity.

We determined which metabolic pathways are activated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1-mediated (HIF-1-mediated) protection against oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) in newborn mice, the experimental correlate to retinopathy of prematurity, a leading cause of infant blindness. HIF-1 coordinates the change from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism and mediates flux through serine and 1-carbon metabolism (1CM) in hypoxic and cancer cells. We used untargeted metabolite profiling in vivo to demonstrate that hypoxia mimesis activates serine/1CM.

Stickler syndrome: exploring prophylaxis for retinal detachment.

Purpose Of Review: The literature regarding prophylactic treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Stickler syndrome remains controversial. We review major published clinical studies and offer a critical analysis of this subject.

Summary: Stickler syndrome is a systemic collagenopathy affecting multiple organ systems including the eye, ear, and skeleton.

Long-Term Assessment of Macular Atrophy in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration Receiving Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.

Purpose: Although intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection has become the mainstay treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), emerging studies suggest that anti-VEGF may be correlated with the development of macular atrophy (MA) in chronic therapy. The purpose of the current study is to determine the prevalence and progression of MA in nAMD treated with chronic anti-VEGF in a routine clinical practice.

Design: Retrospective cohort.