Nanoemulsions: The rising star of antiviral therapeutics and nanodelivery system-current status and prospects.

Nanoemulsions (NEs) of essential oil (EO) have significant potential to target microorganisms, especially viruses. They act as a vehicle for delivering antiviral drugs and vaccines. Narrowing of drug discovery pipeline and the emergence of new viral diseases, especially, coronavirus disease, have created a niche to use NEs for augmenting currently available therapeutic options.

Drug loaded essential oil microemulsions enhance photostability and evaluation of in vitro efficacy.

Loss of stability of pharmaceutical APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) due to photolytic activity has been a major concern in the pharmaceutical industry as it leads to loss of activity of API and excipients, the formation of toxic by-products, change in color and flavor. Itraconazole (ITZ) bulk drug was exposed to UVC (254 nm) irradiation in an environmental chamber (37 °C, 75 %RH) and its photoprotection by cinnamon, clove, eugenol, and oregano based microemulsion was analyzed. No significant change in the spectra was observed at various time points, confirming the photo-protective activity of microemulsions, unlike the bulk drug.

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenter Gram-negative clinical isolates of microbial resource orchid.

Background: Microbial resource orchid is a collection of Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical isolates sourced from different hospitals and diagnostic laboratories in India. We determined the antibiotic susceptibility of a set of Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenter clinical isolates from microbial resource orchid, collected during the period of 2002-2012 against commonly used antibiotics.

Materials And Methods: A total of 247 Gram negative strains consisting of 142 Enterobacteriaceae and 105 non-fermenters from microbial resource orchid were selected for determining minimum inhibitory concentration against β-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolone, and tetracycline by agar dilution method as per clinical and laboratory standards institute guidelines.