Publications by authors named "Jonathan Pan"

Unlabelled: Fixed nitrogen fertilizers feed 50% of the global population, but most fixed nitrogen production occurs using energy-intensive Haber-Bosch-based chemistry combining nitrogen (N2) from air with gaseous hydrogen (H2) from methane (CH4) at high temperatures and pressures in large-scale facilities sensitive to supply chain disruptions. This work demonstrates the biological transformation of atmospheric N2 into ammonia (NH3) using CH4 as the sole carbon and energy source in a single vessel at ambient pressure and temperature, representing a biological "room-pressure and room-temperature" route to NH3 that could ultimately be developed to support compact, remote, NH3 production facilities amenable to distributed biomanufacturing. The synthetic microbial co-culture of engineered methanotroph Methylomicrobium buryatense (now Methylotuvimicrobium buryatense) and diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii converted three CH4 molecules to l-lactate (C3H6O3) and powered gaseous N2 conversion to NH3.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to compare the motor examinations done by the clinical neurosurgery team with the ISNCSCI assessments, since the latter can be time-consuming and impractical during acute spinal cord injuries.
  • - Researchers analyzed data from the TRACK-SCI registry, which included 72 pairs of motor examinations from 63 patients, and found strong correlations between the two methods, indicating that neurosurgery motor examinations can effectively substitute for ISNCSCI exams.
  • - The results showed a very high agreement between the scores from both types of examinations with low bias, suggesting that clinical neurosurgery evaluations are reliable for assessing neurological function after spinal cord injuries.
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CAR-T cell therapy has established itself as a highly effective treatment for hematological malignancies. There are currently six commercial CAR-T products that have been FDA approved for diseases such as B-ALL, LBCL, MCL, FL, MM, and CLL/SLL. "Real-world" studies allow us to evaluate outcomes from the general population to determine their efficacy and safety compared to those who were included in the original trials.

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Data supporting the safe and effective use of first-line antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remains limited. Previously in this journal, the first case report of BIC/FTC/TAF use in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was presented. We present the first known case of DOR + FTC/TAF in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

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Purpose Of Review: There has been increasing use of multimodality imaging in the evaluation of cardiomyopathies.

Recent Findings: Echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), cardiac nuclear imaging, and cardiac computed tomography (CCT) play an important role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of patients with cardiomyopathies. Echocardiography is essential in the initial assessment of suspected cardiomyopathy, but a multimodality approach can improve diagnostics and management.

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Background: Although many molecules have been investigated as biomarkers for spinal cord injury (SCI) or ischemic stroke, none of them are specifically induced in central nervous system (CNS) neurons following injuries with low baseline expression. However, neuronal injury constitutes a major pathology associated with SCI or stroke and strongly correlates with neurological outcomes. Biomarkers characterized by low baseline expression and specific induction in neurons post-injury are likely to better correlate with injury severity and recovery, demonstrating higher sensitivity and specificity for CNS injuries compared to non-neuronal markers or pan-neuronal markers with constitutive expressions.

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Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex disease process influenced by metabolic disorders, systemic inflammation, myocardial fibrosis, and microvascular dysfunction. The goal of our study is to identify potential relationships between plasma biomarkers and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging markers in patients with HFpEF.

Methods: Nineteen subjects with HFpEF and 15 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled and underwent multiparametric CMR and plasma biomarker analysis using the Olink® Cardiometabolic Panel (Olink Proteomics, Uppsala, Sweden).

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We describe the case of a previously healthy patient presenting with sudden cardiac arrest in the postpartum period as a result of concomitant congenital type 1 long QT syndrome and dilated cardiomyopathy. This case highlights the increased rate of cardiac events for patients with long QT syndrome in the postpartum period. ().

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study utilized the TRACK-SCI database to assess complications and outcomes in elderly patients (≥ 65 years) following spinal cord injuries between 2015 and 2019 at UCSF.
  • - Results revealed a high complication rate, with 100% of patients experiencing at least one complication—averaging about 6.6 each—primarily from cardiovascular and pulmonary issues, and a 10% in-hospital mortality rate.
  • - The use of vasopressors for maintaining blood pressure was prevalent, notably correlating with higher cardiovascular complications, and only a small percentage (7.5%) showed neurological improvement by discharge.
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Poor tolerance to standard therapies and multi-drug resistance complicate treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is therefore imperative to explore novel tolerable agents and target alternative pathways. KX2-391 is an oral non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of Src kinase and tubulin polymerization.

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Artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) is becoming increasingly more accessible to biomedical researchers with significant potential to transform biomedicine through optimization of highly-accurate predictive models and enabling better understanding of disease biology. Automated machine learning (AutoML) in particular is positioned to democratize artificial intelligence (AI) by reducing the amount of human input and ML expertise needed. However, successful translation of AI/ML in biomedicine requires moving beyond optimizing only for prediction accuracy and towards establishing reproducible clinical and biological inferences.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to determine how fluctuations in mean arterial pressures (MAPs) during surgery affect recovery outcomes in patients with acute spinal cord injury, focusing on maintaining MAPs between 76 and 104 mm Hg.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 74 patients, monitoring their hemodynamic parameters during surgery, and found a significant improvement in neurological function, as measured by the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS), with an average increase of 0.71 levels upon discharge.
  • Key findings revealed that maintaining average intraoperative MAPs between 80 and 96 mm Hg was associated with better recovery, while MAPs above 96.3 mm Hg showed no improvement, highlighting the importance of careful MAP management in surgical
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Background: Predicting neurological recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) is challenging. Using topological data analysis, we have previously shown that mean arterial pressure (MAP) during SCI surgery predicts long-term functional recovery in rodent models, motivating the present multicenter study in patients.

Methods: Intra-operative monitoring records and neurological outcome data were extracted (n = 118 patients).

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Aim: Recommendations for managing patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in non-endemic areas are largely derived from studies conducted in endemic areas. We analysed the impact of treatment approaches on survival in non-endemic areas.

Methods: In an international, multicentre, retrospective study, we analyse consecutive patients with NPC diagnosed between 2004 and 2017 in 36 hospitals from 11 countries.

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Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke with high mortality and poor functional outcomes, largely because there are no evidence-based treatment options for this devastating disease process. In the past decade, a number of minimally invasive surgeries have emerged to address this issue, one of which is endoscopic evacuation. Stereotactic ICH Underwater Blood Aspiration (SCUBA) is a novel endoscopic evacuation technique performed in a fluid-filled cavity using an aspiration system to provide an additional degree of freedom during the procedure.

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Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used to treat acute massive pulmonary embolism (PE) patients. However, the incremental benefit of ECMO to standard therapy remains unclear. Our meta-analysis objective is to compare in-hospital mortality in patients treated for acute massive PE with and without ECMO.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study evaluates the effectiveness of variable density spiral (VDS) pulse sequences combined with motion compensated compressed sensing (MCCS) for diagnosing obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients experiencing chest pain.
  • A total of 25 patients with known or suspected CAD and 9 normal subjects were examined using advanced MRI techniques to assess myocardial perfusion under stress conditions.
  • Results showed that the visual analysis had a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 83%, with no significant differences in diagnostic performance between visual and quantitative methods for analyzing coronary vessel health.
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Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating form of stroke, with thalamic hemorrhages carrying the worst outcomes. Minimally invasive (MIS) endoscopic ICH evacuation is a promising new therapy for the condition. However, it remains unclear whether therapy success is location dependent.

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Diagnosis of spinal cord injury (SCI) severity at the ultra-acute stage is of great importance for emergency clinical care of patients as well as for potential enrollment into clinical trials. The lack of a diagnostic biomarker for SCI has played a major role in the poor results of clinical trials. We analyzed global gene expression in peripheral white blood cells during the acute injury phase and identified 197 genes whose expression changed after SCI compared with healthy and trauma controls and in direct relation to SCI severity.

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Conventional MRI measures of traumatic spinal cord injury severity largely rely on 2-dimensional injury characteristics such as intramedullary lesion length and cord compression. Recent advances in spinal cord (SC) analysis have led to the development of a robust anatomic atlas incorporated into an open-source platform called the Spinal Cord Toolbox (SCT) that allows for quantitative volumetric injury analysis. In the current study, we evaluate the prognostic value of volumetric measures of spinal cord injury on MRI following registration of T2-weighted (T2w) images and segmented lesions from acute SCI patients with a standardized atlas.

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