Association of Social Vulnerability Index With Declining Recommended Surgical Treatment in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.

Objective: To investigate the impact of county-level social vulnerability on patients' decision to refuse recommended surgical treatment.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis conducted on HNSCC cases documented in the latest available SEER databases from 2000 to 2020; various demographic, including county of residence, and disease-related variables were collected. CDC's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was assigned based on patients' county of residence, and patients were subsequently categorized into four SVI quartiles.

Associations between less knee kinematic variability and worse patient-reported outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) exhibit less knee kinematic variability while walking than uninjured controls, associated with deleterious changes in cartilage composition linked to an increased risk for early knee osteoarthritis (KOA). It is unknown whether less knee kinematic variability is also associated with worse knee-related patient-reported outcomes (PROs) consistent with KOA development. This study examined associations between kinematic variability during gait and PROs in individuals post-ACLR.

Validating the Brain Injury Guidelines in a Pediatric Population with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Intracranial Injury at a Level I Trauma Center.

Children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and intracranial injury (ICI) often receive unnecessary imaging and hospital admission, leading to avoidable burdens on patients and health systems. While most of these patients do not develop critical neurological injuries, identifying those at risk would allow for a more optimal determination of the appropriate level of initial emergency care. The Brain Injury Guidelines (BIG) were developed as a triage tool to identify adult patients with mTBI and ICI who can benefit from repeat imaging, hospital admission, or neurosurgical consultation.

The Impact of Musical Rehabilitation on Complex Sound Perception in Cochlear Implant Users: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Musical rehabilitation has been used in clinical and nonclinical contexts to improve postimplantation auditory processing in implanted individuals. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of music rehabilitation in controlled experimental and quasi-experimental studies on cochlear implant (CI) user speech and music perception.

Databases Reviewed: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycARTICLES, and PsycINFO databases through July 2022.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis with aneurysmal bone cyst-like changes: a case-based literature review.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a neoplastic transformation of myeloid precursors that commonly presents as an osteolytic lesion of the long or flat bones in children. Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are benign neoplasms that frequently affect the metaphysis of long bones and the spine, often revealing a rapidly expansile lesion with fluid-fluid levels. LCH with secondary ABC-like changes is a rare condition that has only been reported five times, with two presentations in the cranium.

Effect of Frequency Response Manipulations on Musical Sound Quality for Cochlear Implant Users.

Cochlear implant (CI) users commonly report degraded musical sound quality. To improve CI-mediated music perception and enjoyment, we must understand factors that affect sound quality. In the present study, we utilize frequency response manipulation (FRM), a process that adjusts the energies of frequency bands within an audio signal, to determine its impact on CI-user sound quality assessments of musical stimuli.

The Impact of Vocal Boost Manipulations on Musical Sound Quality for Cochlear Implant Users.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of vocal boost manipulations on cochlear implant (CI) musical sound quality appraisals.

Methods: An anonymous, online study was distributed to 33 CI users. Participants listened to auditory tokens and assessed the musical quality of acoustic stimuli with vocal boosting and attenuation using a validated sound quality rating scale.

Computed Tomography-Based Measurements of the Cochlear Duct: Implications for Cochlear Implant Pitch Tuning.

Objectives: To determine the sources of variability for cochlear duct length (CDL) measurements for the purposes of fine-tuning cochlear implants (CI) and to propose a set of standardized landmarks for computed tomography (CT) pitch mapping.

Design: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 21 CI users at a tertiary referral center. The intervention involved flat-panel CT image acquisition and secondary reconstructions of CIs in vivo.

Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in giant cell arteritis: a single centre NHS experience using imaging (ultrasound and PET-CT) as a diagnostic and monitoring tool.

Tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 receptor blocker, is approved for relapsing, refractory giant cell arteritis (GCA). We report real-life clinical experience with TCZ in GCA including assessment of responses on imaging (ultrasound (US) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-computed Tomography (FDG-PET-CT)) during the first year of treatment. We included 22 consecutive patients with GCA treated with TCZ where EULAR core data set on disease activity, quality of life (QoL) and treatment-related complications were collected.

Technetium-99m Methylene Diphosphonate Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography of the Foot and Ankle.

The complex anatomy and function of the foot and ankle can make it difficult to determine the cause of symptoms in patients with foot and ankle pathology. Following initial clinical and radiographic assessment, additional imaging with magnetic resonance imaging may be required, which is often seen as the modality of choice. Although sensitive to pathological changes in bone metabolism and vascularity, technetium-99m (Tc-99m) bone scintigraphy often lacks the specificity and resolution required to evaluate the structures of the foot and ankle.

A case study of quark-gluon discrimination at NNLL in comparison to parton showers.

Predictions for our ability to distinguish quark and gluon jets vary by more than a factor of two between different parton showers. We study this problem using analytic resummed predictions for the thrust event shape up to NNLL using and as proxies for quark and gluon jets. We account for hadronization effects through a nonperturbative shape function, and include an estimate of both perturbative and hadronization uncertainties.

An animal explant model for the study of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

We established a human tissue explant model to facilitate study of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. We accomplished this by implanting debulked SCC, from surgical discard, into nude rats. Human SCC remained viable and continued to proliferate for at least 4 weeks and showed evidence of neovascularization.