Radiographic findings predictive of irreducibility and surgical resection in ileocolic intussusception.

Background: Ileocolic intussusception is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in young children. Radiographs may be of limited value in the diagnosis of intussusception and are sometimes utilized primarily to exclude pneumoperitoneum before therapeutic enema reduction.

Objective: The goal of this study was to determine if radiographic findings in ileocolic intussusception can offer prognostic information regarding the outcome of therapeutic air enema and, for those requiring surgical intervention, surgical outcomes and/or complications.

Incidence and importance of portal venous gas in children with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Background: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in young infants. Infants with HPS present with projectile vomiting, sometimes have electrolyte abnormalities and typically undergo pyloromyotomy to alleviate the obstruction. Abdominal US is the gold standard imaging study for diagnosis.

The "Flat Diaphragm": Does the Degree of Curvature of the Diaphragm on Postoperative X-Ray Predict Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Recurrence?

Purpose: The appearance of the diaphragmatic curvature and the rib insertion level of the diaphragm on postoperative chest X-ray (CXR) may predict recurrence. Our purpose was to examine the relationship between the curvature of the diaphragm on postoperative CXR and recurrence.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of left-sided, Bochdalek congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) surgical repairs from 2004 to 2015 at a single institution.

Improving ultrasound for appendicitis through standardized reporting of secondary signs.

Objective: Our aim was to implement a standardized US report that included secondary signs of appendicitis (SS) to facilitate accurate diagnosis of appendicitis and decrease the use of computed tomography (CT) and admissions for observation.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team implemented a quality improvement (QI) intervention in the form of a standardized US report and provided stakeholders with monthly feedback. Outcomes including report compliance, CT use, and observation admissions were compared pretemplate and posttemplate.

Secondary signs may improve the diagnostic accuracy of equivocal ultrasounds for suspected appendicitis in children.

Introduction: Ultrasound (US) is the preferred imaging modality for evaluating appendicitis. Our purpose was to determine if including secondary signs (SS) improve diagnostic accuracy in equivocal US studies.

Methods: Retrospective review identified 825 children presenting with concern for appendicitis and with a right lower quadrant (RLQ) US.

Complete sternal cleft associated with right clavicular, manubrial, and thyroid hypoplasia, pectus deformity, and spinal anomalies.

Sternal cleft anomalies are rare. Associated anomalies include pentalogy of Cantrell and posterior fossa abnormalities, hemangiomas, arteriopathy, cardiac anomalies, eye abnormalities, and sternal defects syndrome. There is only a single report of complete sternal cleft, pectus excavatum, and right clavicular hypoplasia in an adult.

Magnetic Resonance Enterography Healing and Magnetic Resonance Enterography Remission Predicts Improved Outcome in Pediatric Crohn Disease.

Background: Mucosal healing predicts clinical remission and improved outcomes in patients with Crohn disease (CD). Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) is a noninvasive imaging modality that can assess small and large bowel wall inflammation. Evidence suggests that MRE may be an acceptable alternative to evaluate mucosal healing over endoscopy.

Thoracoschisis: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Thoracoschisis is an extremely rare congenital birth defect in which intra-abdominal organs eviscerate through a defect in the thoracic wall(1). There are only seven previously reported pediatric cases and in each case, there is some diaphragmatic anomaly, suggesting that the defect took place before complete formation of the diaphragm. Our patient was referred to us from a local hospital immediately after delivery.

Incidence and Epidemiology of Intussusception among Infants in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Objective: To evaluate rates of intussusception hospitalization among infants in Vietnam before the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.

Study Design: Between 2009 and 2011, we identified intussusception hospitalizations among infants using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification code K56.1 at 2 large pediatric hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam that treat most of the intussusception cases in the city.