Does having children affect women's oral health? A longitudinal study.

Background: Many believe women's oral health deteriorates as a result of having children. If so, such associations should exist among women but not among men. The aims of this study were to investigate whether number of children is associated with experience of dental disease and tooth loss among both men and women and to examine whether this association is affected by other variables of interest.

Psychosocial aspects of periodontal disease diagnosis and treatment: A qualitative study.

Aims: Patient-reported outcomes have attracted interest as there has been a shift from clinician-centric endpoints. This qualitative study aimed to develop an understanding of the psychosocial impact of periodontitis and its treatment.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen adults were asked to document their experiences of untreated periodontitis and non-surgical periodontal therapy at a university clinic, using written or audio-recorded diaries.

The Impact of Residual Subgingival Cement on Biological Complications Around Dental Implants: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review on the impact of residual subgingival cement on peri-implant diseases and crestal bone loss.

Material And Methods: MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ISI Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were used to identify articles published without time limits.

Results: A total of 6 articles were selected for a total of 389 patients (687 implants).

Chronic periodontitis and implant dentistry.

Dental implants are regularly placed in patients with a history of periodontitis, even though peri-implant tissues are susceptible to the same host-modulated plaque-induced factors that initiate and sustain periodontitis. This article endeavors to clarify the evidence regarding the history of periodontitis as a risk factor for implant success and survival, and the role of supportive periodontal therapy in maintaining implants for individuals with a history of periodontitis.

Management of periodontal health in children: pediatric dentistry and periodontology interface.

The oral health of children and adolescents mirrors their general health. Because oral health care is often delivered in isolation from general health care, oral signs and symptoms do not always alert practitioners to their significance beyond the mouth. An important example of this is the association of a higher risk of dental caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with overweight, obesity and prediabetic conditions.

The Octagon Model: a clinical tool for assessing marginal tissue recession.

The Octagon Model is a clinical assessment tool designed to assess marginal tissue recession (MTR) and estimate the level of difficulty in achieving root coverage. It evaluates eight patient- and siterelated factors: patient's expectations, smoking status, width of keratinized tissue, absence/presence of cervical lesion, interproximal soft tissue/bone level, depth and width of recession defect, and buccal bone thickness. The model is presented in a three-colored diagram to facilitate communication between clinicians and between clinicians and their patients, and to assist clinicians in optimizing treatment plans at both site and patient levels.

Quantifying the Association Between Self-Reported Diabetes and Periodontitis in the New Zealand Population.

Background: This study aims to investigate the association between diabetes and periodontitis in the New Zealand (NZ) adult population.

Methods: Data from two NZ national surveys (N = 2,048) were analyzed to compare estimates of the strength of the association between diabetes and periodontitis using two multivariate epidemiologic approaches (cohort and matched case-control studies). This was possible because the first survey provided participants for the second survey.

Peri-implantitis diagnosis and treatment by New Zealand periodontists and oral maxillofacial surgeons.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the understanding, diagnosis and management of peri-implantitis by New Zealand periodontists and oral maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS).

Design: Telephone interviews (in combination with a postal and electronic survey) were conducted of all 25 periodontists and 32 OMFS listed as specialists on the New Zealand Dental Register. A seven item multi-choice and short answer questionnaire was used to investigate: their definition of peri-implantitis; the number of annual referrals received in their practice for this condition; their diagnostic, preventive and treatment strategies for peri-implantitis; and their perception of the role of general dental practitioners in its management.

Periodontal diseases in an Omani adult population: a preliminary study.

Background: Data on the periodontal status of the adult population in the Arab world are scarce. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of periodontal diseases in an adult group from Oman.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 319 teachers who were randomly sampled from the list of teachers from the Muscat region schools in Oman.

The use of laser therapy for dental implant surface decontamination: a narrative review of in vitro studies.

The aim of this narrative review was to critically evaluate in vitro studies assessing the efficacy of lasers in the bacterial decontamination of titanium implant surfaces. The MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge and Embase electronic databases were used to search for articles relating to the use of lasers in the bacterial decontamination of titanium specimen surfaces using predetermined search statements. Clinical studies, case reports, case series, review articles and animal models were excluded.

Periodontitis among adult populations in the Arab World.

Background: The Arab World consists of 22 countries from North and North-east Africa and the Middle East. Periodontal disease is an important global oral health burden, and is highly prevalent in developing countries.

Objectives: The objective of this narrative review is to report on the recorded prevalence of periodontitis in the Arab World, and to examine the methods used in collecting the data.

Evaluating the efficiency of caries removal using an Er:YAG laser driven by fluorescence feedback control.

Introduction: Caries lesions in dental hard tissues autofluoresce when exposed to light of certain wavelengths, whereas sound tissues do not, and this can be used as an in vitro histological marker for dental caries. Detection of autofluorescence is the basis of KaVo DIAGNOdent™ technology, and provides objective feedback control of laser-stimulated ablation of dental caries for the KaVo Key Laser 3™. This Er:YAG laser operates at 2940nm wavelength, and is effective at removal of infected dental hard tissues.

Infection of apical dentin and root-end cavity disinfection.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess Enterococcus faecalis penetration into the dentin of the apical 3 mm and bacterial death after the application of either chlorhexidine or laser to root-end cavities.

Methods: Root canals of 60 single-rooted teeth were prepared. In part 1, cementum was removed semicircumferentially from 21 roots, and the smear layer was removed from 15 roots using 17% EDTA/cetrimide.

A comparison of Er:YAG laser and mechanical debridement for the non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, prospective clinical study.

Aims: To compare a monotherapy of Er:YAG laser debridement (ERL), wavelength 2940 nm, with mechanical scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of chronic periodontitis using clinical and patient-centred outcomes.

Methods: Twenty-eight participants had two randomly assigned quadrants treated with ERL and two with SRP. Full-mouth plaque index, probing depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level and gingival recession were recorded at baseline and 6- and 12-weeks post therapy.

Descriptive study of the longevity of dental implant surgery drills.

Background: Atraumatic preparation of the osteotomy site is critical for osseointegration.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of multiple usages of dental implant drills on bone temperature changes and to examine the cutting surfaces of these drills under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Materials And Methods: The implant osteotomy procedure was adapted to the experimental setting to simulate wear on implant drills by preparing bovine ribs using a constant drilling force.

Diabetes, periodontitis, and the subgingival microbiota.

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been associated with increased severity of periodontal disease for many years. More recently, the impact of periodontal disease on glycaemic control has been investigated. The role of the oral microbiota in this two-way relationship is at this stage unknown.

Radiographic study of ethnic variation in alveolar bone height among New Zealand dental students.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine anatomical variations in the radiographic distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar crest with respect to ethnic heritage and gender in New Zealand dental students.

Methods: Digitized bitewing films of 123 second-year New Zealand dental students were examined with a computer imaging program on a desktop computer screen. The race of parents and grandparents was obtained by questionnaire.

Prevalence and risk of traumatic gingival recession following elective lip piercing.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence, risk and odds ratios of gingival recession defects associated with elective lip piercing and wearing of stud jewelry, and to attempt to identify risk factors that might permit the incidence of recession and its severity to be predicted, using Miller's classification. Ninety-one subjects with lip piercing and labrets were evaluated with regard to gender, age, smoking history, orthodontic history, and labret characteristics. An age-matched group of 54 individuals without peri-oral piercing provided the control.

Drug-associated gingival enlargement: case report and review of aetiology, management and evidence-based outcomes of treatment.

"Gingival enlargement" is the term now used to describe medication-related gingival overgrowth or gingival hyperplasia (AAP, 2004), a condition commonly induced by three main classes of drugs: anticonvulsants, antihypertensive calcium antagonists and the immunosuppressant cyclosporin. It is important that the health practitioner is aware of the potential aetiologic agents and characteristic features in order to be able to accurately diagnose and successfully manage patients who present with a condition such as outlined in the following case presentation.

Dental implant use in New Zealand in 2004.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of dental implant providers in New Zealand, to evaluate providers' dental implant treatment strategies, and to determine the nature of barriers to implant usage in New Zealand.

Design: A postal survey questionnaire was sent to all registered dentists in New Zealand (N=1590).

Method: Data were analyzed with the SPSS statistical package.

Exposed root surface: a review of aetiology, management and evidence-based outcomes of treatment.

Gingival recession and the associated exposure of root surfaces are a common finding in our patient population. Many factors have been proposed as influencing the development of marginal tissue recession and controversy exists over the concept of an "adequate" zone of attached tissue. We will explore the aetiology of marginal recession and the factors affecting the outcome of treatment of these defects through an evidence-based perspective.

Elective lip piercing and gingival recession: case report.

Elective oral piercing as a form of ornamentation or self-expression appears to be gaining popularity in New Zealand and around the world. Several reports of the dangers associated with this practice appear in the dental and medical literature. This report presents a case of rapid, severe gingival recession in a previously periodontally-healthy young female, arising from trauma due to her lip piercing.