Relationship between Systolic Ejection Time and Inflammation in End-Stage Heart Failure.

Objectives: Systolic ejection time (SET) and systemic inflammation are two essential indicators of heart failure (HF) progression. We aimed to evaluate the associations between SET and inflammatory mediators in end-stage HF.

Methods: Participants included 16 patients with end-stage HF recruited from the Heart Failure Clinic at Toronto General Hospital and 16 healthy individuals free of any known cardiovascular disease.