Stimulant Treatment Effect on Anxiety Domains in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With and Without Anxiety Disorders: A 12-Week Open-Label Prospective Study.

The effect of stimulants on anxiety domains has not been systematically studied. We assessed prospectively the impact of stimulant treatment in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on the severity of anxiety domains and on ADHD with comorbid anxiety disorders. Children with ADHD ( = 57, aged 6-15 years) started a stimulant or were switched from one stimulant to another.

The association between sleep disturbances of children with anxiety disorders and those of their mothers.

Objective: Previous research has demonstrated a link between childhood anxiety and sleep problems, but little is known about the link between these difficulties and parental sleep disturbances. The purpose of the current study was to explore the association between anxious children's sleep difficulties and those of their mothers.

Method: A total of 101 children aged 8-18 years and their mothers participated in this study.

Parents' and Teachers' Perceptions of Abnormal Attention Span of Elementary School-Age Children.

Background: To determine teacher and parental perception of minimal expected sustained attention span during various daily tasks among elementary school children.

Methods: 54 parents and 47 teachers completed the attention span questionnaire (AtSQ) that was developed for this study. The AtSQ consists of 15 academic and leisure tasks that require a child's sustained attention.

Quality of life of adult daughters of women with schizophrenia: Associations with psychological resource losses and gains.

Objective: This study examined the relationship between perceived losses and gains of psychological resources and quality of life of adult daughters of women with schizophrenia.

Method: Thirty one adult daughters of mothers with schizophrenia (age range 30 to 50years) and thirty women of similar socio-demographic characteristics whose mothers were mentally healthy (the control group) participated in this study.

Results: (a) Resource loss was higher and resource gains were lower among daughters of women with schizophrenia, compared to the control group; (b) despite resource gains total score of quality of life was significantly lower among daughters of mothers with schizophrenia compared to the controls; (c) daughters of mothers with schizophrenia had lower levels of family functioning, a higher level of negative emotions and a lower level of positive emotions; (d) resource gains moderated the negative relationship between resource loss and quality of life; (e) the most significant predictor of quality of life was the group (i.

The link between parent and child sleep disturbances in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: Although sleep problems are widely known to be a prominent feature of childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), little is known about the link between these difficulties and parental sleep disturbances.

Methods: The design was cross-sectional assessing a clinical sample of 62 children, aged 7-17 years (mean age = 10.0 years) diagnosed with ADHD and their parents.

Cultural Impact on SAD: Social Anxiety Disorder among Ethiopian and Former Soviet Union Immigrants to Israel, in Comparison to Native-born Israelis.

Background: Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is linked to social norms and role expectations which are culture dependent, such as the construal of one's self as independent or interdependent in relation to others. The current study is the first to examine SAD symptoms among Ethiopian and former Soviet Union immigrants to Israel compared to a sample of native Israelis. We investigated the relationship between SAD, ethnicity and independent/ interdependent self-construals.

The outcome of children with selective mutism following cognitive behavioral intervention: a follow-up study.

Unlabelled: Selective mutism (SM) is a relatively rare childhood disorder and is underdiagnosed and undertreated. The purpose of the retrospective naturalistic study was to examine the long-term outcome of children with SM who were treated with specifically designed modular cognitive behavioral therapy (MCBT). Parents of 36 children who met diagnostic criteria of SM that received MCBT treatment were invited for a follow-up evaluation.

Assessing fears of preschool children with nighttime fears by a parent version of the fear survey schedule for preschool children.

Background: Although excessive fears are common in preschool children, validated assessment tools for this age are lacking. Our aim was to modify and provide preliminary evidence of the utility of a preschoolers' fear screening tool, a parent-reported Fear Survey Schedule for Preschool Children (FSS-PC).

Methods: 109 Israeli preschool children (aged 4-6 years) with chronic night time fears (NF) and 30 healthy children (controls) participated.

Threat perception, anxiety and noncompliance with preoperative fasting instructions among mothers of children attending elective same day surgery.

Purpose: The current study examined possible links between threat perception, anxiety, conscientiousness and parental noncompliance with preoperative fasting instructions for their children.

Methods: 100 mothers of children about to undergo an ambulatory elective surgery were divided to two equal groups based on compliance/noncompliance with pre surgery fasting requirements. Logistic regression analysis was preformed to predict compliance/noncompliance.

The link between social anxiety disorder, treatment outcome, and sleep difficulties among patients receiving cognitive behavioral group therapy.

Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the association between sleep disturbances and social anxiety disorder (SAD). Another aim was to explore the impact of cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT) for SAD on co-occurring sleep difficulties.

Methods: Data were obtained retrospectively from patient files receiving CBGT for SAD.

Nighttime fears of preschool children: a potential disposition marker for anxiety?

Objective: To examine if children who suffer from significant Nighttime Fears (NF) experience higher degree of general fears and behavioral problems and to explore whether effortful control mediates NF association with internalizing problems.

Methods: One-hundred and nine preschool children (64 boys) between the ages 4 and 6years suffering from significant NF and 30 healthy children (16 boys) were evaluated using parental reports of behavioral problems [Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)], parental and child report of fears [Fear Survey Revised for Parents (FSS-PC), Koala Fear Questionnaire (KFQ)], and a measure of effortful control derived from the Child Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ).

Results: Children with severe NF also suffer from an increased level of a wide variety of fears other than NF, and exhibit more behavioral problems than controls both on parental and children's measures of general fears, and main CBCL scale scores (Internalizing, Externalizing, Total score).

Correspondence between reported and actigraphic sleep measures in preschool children: the role of a clinical context.

Study Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the role of clinical context in determining the correspondence between actigraphic and reported sleep measures in preschool children.

Methods: Sleep was assessed using actigraphy and parental reports in a clinical sample of 109 preschool children between the ages 4 and 6 years suffering from significant nighttime fears and in a sample of 30 healthy controls.

Results: In comparison to actigraphy, parents in both groups indicated that their children fell asleep earlier and overestimated their sleep period.

Night diapers use and sleep in children with enuresis.

Objective: We aimed to assess the association between night diapers use and sleep quality of school-aged children with enuresis.

Methods: The sleep patterns of 72 school-aged children (ages 6-9 y) with enuresis referred to a clinic specializing in bladder disorders and 63 healthy control children were assessed. Sleep measures were derived from four to five monitoring nights of actigraphy and daily logs.

Coping with preoperative anxiety in cesarean section: physiological, cognitive, and emotional effects of listening to favorite music.

Background: Listening to music has a stress-reducing effect in surgical procedures. The effects of listening to music immediately before a cesarean section have not been studied. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of listening to selected music while waiting for a cesarean section on emotional reactions, on cognitive appraisal of the threat of surgery, and on stress-related physiological reactions.

Nighttime fears and fantasy-reality differentiation in preschool children.

Nighttime fears are very common in preschool years. During these years, children's fantasy-reality differentiation undergoes significant development. Our study was aimed at exploring the links between nighttime fears and fantasy-reality differentiation in preschool children.

Sleep of preschool children with night-time fears.

Background: Night-time fears are very common in preschool and early school years. However, to date, the links between night-time fears and sleep have not been assessed systematically. The aim of this study was to evaluate natural sleep patterns in children with night-time fears, and to assess the association between parental fear-related strategies and children's sleep disruptions.

Assessment of brief interventions for nighttime fears in preschool children.

Unlabelled: Nighttime fears (NF) and sleep problems continue to be major problems in clinical services. The aim was to assess the effects of two brief interventions on NF, and related sleep problems and parental fear-reducing behaviors in children. One hundred and four children aged 4-6 years with significant NF were randomly assigned into two intervention groups: the Huggy-Puppy intervention (HPI), which is based on providing children a puppy doll with a request to take care of the doll, and a revised version (HPI-r) which is based on providing the same doll with a cover story that the doll will serve as a protector.

Sleep and sleepiness in children with nocturnal enuresis.

Study Objectives: To assess if sleep patterns and sleepiness are compromised in children with nocturnal enuresis (NE), in comparison with normal control subjects, and to evaluate the role of enuresis-related events during sleep.

Design: Assessment of natural sleep patterns at home in a sample of children referred to enuresis clinics and controls.

Setting: Children's homes.

Exploring physician perceptions of the impact of emotions on behaviour during interactions with patients.

Background: There is relatively little research on affective influences on physician behaviour, especially on prescribing and referrals. Affects include transitory moods and lasting emotions.

Objectives: We explored physician perceptions of the impact of four mood states on perceived rates of five behaviours: talking with patients, prescribing medications and referrals for laboratory tests, diagnostic tests and specialists.

Childhood fears, neurobehavioral functioning and behavior problems in school-age children.

The objective is to examine underlying associations between childhood fears, behavior problems and neurobehavioral functioning (NBF) in school-age children. Healthy, regular school children (N = 135), from second, fourth and sixth grade classes were assessed. Data regarding children's fears and behavioral problems were obtained with the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children, the Child Behavior Checklist, and NBF was assessed using a computerized neurobehavioral evaluation system.