Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy: clinical presentation and risk of stroke and transient ischaemic attack.

Background/aims: Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy is a rare but important disease that can be associated with life-threatening complications due to cerebral vasculitis. The primary objective was to determine the incidence of neurological complications and risk factors for stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) associated with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy. Secondary objectives included the clinical presentation, visual outcomes and recurrence rates.

Ibrutinib-related uveitis: A case series.

Purpose: Four cases of ibrutinib-related uveitis are presented, which are to the best of our knowledge the first in the literature. Possible mechanisms of ibrutinib-mediated uveitis are explored.

Observations: Case 1 is a 60-year-old female who had been stable on 1 year of ibrutinib for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Measurement of Retinal Sensitivity on Tablet Devices in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: We compared measurements of central retinal sensitivity on a portable, low-cost tablet device to the established method of microperimetry in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: A customized test designed to measure central retinal sensitivity (within the central 1° radius) on a tablet device was developed using an open-source platform called PsyPad. A total of 30 participants with AMD were included in this study, and all participants performed a practice test on PsyPad, followed by four tests of one eye and one test of the other eye.

Fundus autofluorescence characteristics of nascent geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: We examined the fundus autofluorescence (FAF) characteristics of nascent geographic atrophy (nGA), pathological features preceding the development of drusen-associated atrophy in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that can be visualized using high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) and FAF imaging were performed longitudinally in 221 eyes with intermediate AMD (having at least drusen >125 μm), and seven areas that developed drusen-associated atrophy in five eyes were examined and categorized with respect to FAF characteristics. These categories then were used to characterize 49 areas of nGA or drusen-associated atrophy on SD-OCT identified in a cross-sectional study with 230 participants with bilateral intermediate AMD.

Optical coherence tomography-defined changes preceding the development of drusen-associated atrophy in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To characterize the pathological changes preceding the development of drusen-associated atrophy in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Design: Longitudinal and cross-sectional retrospective observational study.

Participants: A total of 181 participants with intermediate AMD in at least 1 eye (141 unilateral, 40 bilateral) were assessed longitudinally.

Identification of urinary biomarkers for age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can be considered as a chronic low-grade systemic inflammatory disease. This study was undertaken to test the associations of AMD with the urinary proinflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and C3a-desArg, as potential noninvasive biomarkers for monitoring AMD.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 103 AMD cases, comprising early AMD (n = 51), geographic atrophy (GA; n = 19), or choroidal neovascularization (CNV; 33), and 54 unrelated controls, aged 73 ± 9 years, who attended the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital and private practice in Victoria, Australia.