The Use of Apnea During Ureteroscopy.

Objective: To describe and discuss the feasibility and the use of apnea during retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).

Materials And Methods: A discussion of the current literature about the different anesthesia techniques and the use of apnea to improve RIRS by avoiding renal movements over diaphragmatic excursion was performed.

Results: To date, there are no mentions in the literature about the use of apnea as a mechanism to facilitate this procedure that requires extremely precise laser use.