Xpert-Ultra Assay in Stool and Urine Samples to Improve Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Children: The Médecins Sans Frontières Experience in Guinea-Bissau and South Sudan.

Background: More than half of childhood tuberculosis cases remain undiagnosed yearly. The World Health Organization recommends the Xpert-Ultra assay as a first pediatric diagnosis test, but microbiological confirmation remains low. We aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of Xpert-Ultra with stool and urine samples in presumptive pediatric tuberculosis cases in 2 high-tuberculosis-burden settings.

Point-of-care ultrasound for tuberculosis diagnosis in children: a Médecins Sans Frontières cross-sectional study in Guinea-Bissau.

Objective: Description of tuberculosis (TB)-focused point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) findings for children with presumptive TB.

Design: Cross-sectional study (July 2019 to April 2020).

Setting: Simão Mendes hospital in Bissau, a setting with high TB, HIV, and malnutrition burdens.

Critical outcomes: clinical and team performance across acute illness scenarios in emergency departments of critical access hospitals.

In their provision of acute care services, emergency department (ED) providers in critical access hospitals (CAHs) are uniquely challenged by limitations in personnel, facility resources, and available expertise. We sought to define the impact of team behaviors among ED staff in CAHs on clinical performance by studying the relationship between team and clinical performance scores across 100 simulated scenarios. Team and clinical performance scores were calculated for each scenario using standardized checklists to quantify goal achievement and aggregated across teams and scenario types.