No Increased Mercury Release from Dental Restorations at 1.5T, 3T, or 7T MRI.

Purpose: Dental amalgam contains mercury and is commonly used in dental restorations. The impact of MRI on mercury excretion from dental amalgam is not well understood across clinical field strengths, especially 7T. We investigated the effects of MRI exposure on mercury excretion using fresh, lab-created dental amalgam restorations and in extracted teeth with old, pre-existing restorations.

Recent Advances in Temporomandibular Joint Surgery.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) affect a high percentage of children and adults worldwide. Surgery may be indicated in severe or recalcitrant cases. Several recent advancements in TMD and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery have elevated understanding and the ability to treat affected patients.

The Role of Dental Occlusion Ties to Achieve Stable Maxillomandibular Fixation During Temporomandibular Joint Replacement.

Dental occlusion ties (Minne Ties®) are a new example of the concept of an oral zip tie used to establish maxillomandibular fixation (MMF). Each tie uses a blunt introducer that is easily passed between embrasures and fed through a self-locking, unidirectional clasp. Five to six ties are used to establish MMF.

Persistent foramen of Huschke: Presentation, evaluation, and management.

Objective: Describe the presentation and management strategy for patients with symptomatic foramen of Huschke (FH).

Patients: Adults with persistent FH confirmed on imaging.

Interventions: Diagnosis and management of symptomatic persistent FH.

Discordance Rate Among Bilateral Simultaneous and Sequential Temporal Artery Biopsies in Giant Cell Arteritis: Role of Frozen Sectioning Based on the Mayo Clinic Experience.

Importance: Frozen section temporal artery biopsy (TAB) may prevent a contralateral biopsy from being performed.

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of TAB frozen vs permanent section pathology results for giant cell arteritis (GCA) and determine the discordance rate of bilateral TABs.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this retrospective cohort study, medical records were reviewed from 795 patients 40 years or older who underwent TAB from January 1, 2010, to December 1, 2018, treated at a single tertiary care center with the ability to perform both frozen and permanent histologic sections.

Safety of Outpatient Procedural Sedation Administered by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons: The Mayo Clinic Experience in 17,634 Sedations (2004 to 2019).

Purpose: The safety of the team anesthesia model routinely used by the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery has recently been called into question. The purpose of this article is to measure the frequency of adverse anesthetic events related to ambulatory surgical procedures performed under intravenous (IV) sedation by the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Mayo Clinic during a 15-year period using the team anesthesia model.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed, and a sample of subjects identified undergoing IV sedation at Mayo Clinic from 2004 to 2019.

Does the Amount of Screw Fixation Utilized for the Condylar Component of the TMJ Concepts Total Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction Predispose to Hardware Loss or Postoperative Complications?

Purpose: To determine whether the number of screws used to fixate a TMJ Concepts total joint prosthesis correlates with loss of hardware fixation or postoperative complications.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing total temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction with the TMJ Concepts custom prosthesis at the Mayo Clinic from 2005 to 2015 was undertaken. The primary predictor variable was the percentage of screw fixation used in the condylar component.

Does Intravenous Midazolam Dose Influence the Duration of Recovery Room Stay Following Outpatient Third Molar Surgery?

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of intravenous midazolam dose on the duration of recovery room stay for patients undergoing outpatient third molar surgery.

Materials And Methods: Using a retrospective cohort study design, a sample of patients undergoing outpatient third molar surgery under intravenous sedation at Mayo Clinic from 2010 to 2014 was identified. All patients underwent extraction of all 4 third molars during a single operative procedure and the age range was limited to 14 to 29 years.

Dental extraction in the neutropenic patient.

Purpose: To identify risks of dental extraction in patients with mild, moderate, and severe neutropenia.

Materials And Methods: The authors undertook an observational study of 116 patients diagnosed with neutropenia and undergoing dental extractions in the Mayo Clinic Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was no higher than 1,500/μL.

Late revision or correction of facial trauma-related soft-tissue deformities.

Surgical approaches used in accessing the facial skeleton for fracture repair are often the same as or similar to those used for cosmetic enhancement of the face. Rarely does facial trauma result in injuries that do not in some way affect the facial soft-tissue envelope either directly or as sequelae of the surgical repair. Knowledge of both skeletal and facial soft-tissue anatomy is paramount to successful clinical outcomes.

Dental extraction in the thrombocytopenic patient is safe and complications are easily managed.

Purpose: To characterize bleeding risk and management of bleeding in thrombocytopenic patients undergoing dental extraction.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 68 patients with hematologic disease and concomitant thrombocytopenia undergoing dental extractions. The inclusion criterion was a platelet count of 100,000/μL or less at the time of consultation or extraction.

Chief resident case experience and autonomy are associated with resident confidence and future practice plans.

Purpose: To measure oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) chief resident case experience, including autonomy, and discover the role of this experience in developing resident confidence and determining the scope of practice on completion of training.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire made available to residents near the completion of their final year of training in United States OMS training programs. Predictors were the case numbers and autonomy level.

Overexpression of uncoupling protein 3 in skeletal muscle protects against fat-induced insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and is strongly associated with obesity. Increased concentrations of intracellular fatty acid metabolites have been postulated to interfere with insulin signaling by activation of a serine kinase cascade involving PKCtheta in skeletal muscle. Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) has been postulated to dissipate the mitochondrial proton gradient and cause metabolic inefficiency.

Polyelectrolytes as new matrices for secondary ion mass spectrometry.

Significant enhancements in ion yields in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) are observed when water-soluble analytes are mixed with a polyelectrolyte, e.g., poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) or poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), and then deposited in the layer-by-layer method on a surface.

First reaction of a bare silicon surface with acid chlorides and a one-step preparation of acid chloride terminated monolayers on scribed silicon.

Methyl-terminated and acyl chloride terminated monolayers are produced when silicon is scribed under mono- and diacid chlorides, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the reaction between a bare silicon surface and acid chlorides. This reaction takes place by wetting the silicon surface in the air with the acid chloride and scribing.

PKC-theta knockout mice are protected from fat-induced insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance plays a primary role in the development of type 2 diabetes and may be related to alterations in fat metabolism. Recent studies have suggested that local accumulation of fat metabolites inside skeletal muscle may activate a serine kinase cascade involving protein kinase C-theta (PKC-theta), leading to defects in insulin signaling and glucose transport in skeletal muscle. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether mice with inactivation of PKC-theta are protected from fat-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

Inactivation of fatty acid transport protein 1 prevents fat-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle plays a major role in the development of type 2 diabetes and may be causally associated with increases in intramuscular fatty acid metabolites. Fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) is an acyl-CoA synthetase highly expressed in skeletal muscle and modulates fatty acid uptake and metabolism by converting fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA. To investigate the role of FATP1 in glucose homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, we examined the effect of acute lipid infusion or chronic high-fat feeding on insulin action in FATP1 KO mice.

Differential effects of rosiglitazone on skeletal muscle and liver insulin resistance in A-ZIP/F-1 fatless mice.

To determine the role of adipocytes and the tissue-specific nature in the insulin sensitizing action of rosiglitazone, we examined the effects of 3 weeks of rosiglitazone treatment on insulin signaling and action during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in awake A-ZIP/F-1 (fatless), fat-transplanted fatless, and wild-type littermate mice. We found that 53 and 66% decreases in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1-associated phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activity in skeletal muscle of fatless mice were normalized after rosiglitazone treatment. These effects of rosiglitazone treatment were associated with 50% decreases in triglyceride and fatty acyl-CoA contents in the skeletal muscle of rosiglitazone-treated fatless mice.