Binary solvent participation in crystals of a multi-aromatic 1,2,3-triazole.

The X-ray crystal structure of a multi-aromatic substituted 1,2,3-triazole is presented, which shows an extensive three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network involving two water mol-ecules and two aceto-nitrile mol-ecules. The structure of 4-{[(4-{[1-({[(3,4-di-meth-oxy-phen-yl)meth-yl](3-acetamido-phen-yl)carbamo-yl}meth-yl)-1-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]meth-oxy}-3-meth-oxy-phen-yl)meth-yl]amino}-benzoic acid-aceto-nitrile-water (1/2/2), CHNO·2CHN·2HO, features amine-linked aromatic groups that have a variety functionality including a carb-oxy-lic acid, an acetamido group, and meth-oxy ethers. All -H groups, and seven out of ten heteroatoms with available lone-pair electrons, participate in hydrogen bonding, with the aid of dimer-bridging water mol-ecules and aceto-nitrile mol-ecules whose methyl groups form close contacts with oxygen atoms.

Color center creation by dipole stacking in crystals of 2-meth-oxy-5-nitro-aniline.

This work describes the X-ray structure of orange-red crystals of 2-meth-oxy-5-nitro-aniline, CHNO. The compound displays concentration-dependent UV-Vis spectra, which is attributed to dipole-induced aggregation, and light absorption arising from an inter-molecular charge-transfer process that decreases in energy as the degree of aggregation increases. The crystals display π-stacking where the dipole moments align anti-parallel.

A convenient five-segment cassette procedure for DNA insertions coding for novel peptides.

A DNA cassette assembly method is described which utilizes inexpensive oligomers no longer than 40 nt in length. The five-segment cassettes have 20 nt overlaps which give an effective length of 80 nt, making it possible to code for peptides up to 20 amino acids long. The cassettes have three phosphate free nicks, which can be successfully inserted into plasmid DNA and used to transform E.

Hydrogen atom mediated Stone-Wales rearrangement of pyracyclene: a model for annealing in fullerene formation.

We have investigated the Stone-Wales (SW) rearrangement of pyracyclene (C(14)H(12)) using quantum mechanical molecular modeling. Of particular interest in this study is the effect of an added hydrogen atom on the barriers to SW rearrangement. Hydrogen atoms are found in high abundance during combustion, and their effect upon isomerization of aromatic compounds to more stable species may play an important role in the combustion synthesis of fullerenes.

New lubricants from vegetable oil: cyclic acetals of methyl 9,10-dihydroxystearate.

Potential new lubricants and fuel lubricity enhancers have been prepared from methyl 9,10-dihydroxystearate and long chain aldehydes to form the corresponding cyclic acetals. These materials are oils down to low temperatures, as compared to symmetric ketals derived from the same diol, which are waxes at room temperature. The acetals form in an equilibrium reaction (Keq approximately 60) which suggests they will be stable as fuel additives.

Stable water-oil emulsions from the new insoluble surfactant sodium 5-(1-dodecylaminocarbonyl) picolinate.

The new compound sodium 5-(1-dodecylaminocarbonyl) picolinate (NaDPA) has been prepared and found to have the unusual surfactant property of forming stable water-oil (w/o) emulsions in the presence of water and a variety of organic liquids. A study of droplet size (diameters=0.1-1.

A novel method for the templated synthesis of homogeneous samples of hollow carbon nanospheres from cellulose chars.

A novel method for the production of homogeneous samples of hollow carbon nanospheres is reported from cellulose, an inexpensive and renewable precursor. The nanospheres are of diameter 50 nm, graphitic wall thickness 5-10 nm, and can easily be produced in several hundred milligram batches. The nanospheres are derived from the laser pyrolysis of a nickel chloride templated cellulose char via open Ni-core shells.