Scientific Authors in a Changing World of Scholarly Communication: What Does the Future Hold?

Scholarly communication in science, technology, and medicine has been organized around journal-based scientific publishing for the past 350 years. Scientific publishing has unique business models and includes stakeholders with conflicting interests-publishers, funders, libraries, and scholars who create, curate, and consume the literature. Massive growth and change in scholarly communication, coinciding with digitalization, have amplified stresses inherent in traditional scientific publishing, as evidenced by overwhelmed editors and reviewers, increased retraction rates, emergence of pseudo-journals, strained library budgets, and debates about the metrics of academic recognition for scholarly achievements.

The Impact of Resident Duty Hour and Supervision Changes: A Review.

In 2003 and again in 2011, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) instituted increasingly stringent requirements governing resident hours and supervision, with the goals of improving patient safety, resident well-being, and resident education. Although the changes initially stemmed from a catastrophic outcome in a patient treated with psychotropic medications and behavioral restraints, and have been in place over a decade, many psychiatrists are not familiar with these changes and with their potential effects and "side effects" on today's trainees and faculty. The authors review the history leading to these changes, summarize the revised requirements, and review representative literature regarding the impact of the changes.

The Education Review Board: A Mechanism for Managing Potential Conflicts of Interest in Medical Education.

Concerns about the influence of industry support on medical education, research, and patient care have increased in both medical and political circles. Some academic medical centers, questioning whether industry support of medical education could be appropriate and not a conflict of interest, banned such support. In 2009, a Partners HealthCare System commission concluded that interactions with industry remained important to Partners' charitable academic mission and made recommendations to transparently manage such relationships.

Focused opportunities for resident education on today's inpatient psychiatric units.

The functions and nature of inpatient psychiatric units have changed dramatically over recent decades, as has the role of psychiatric residents on these units. Nonetheless, clinical rotations on inpatient psychiatry remain as core clinical experiences in psychiatric residency. This column reviews the key changes in the residents' inpatient experience and articulates appropriate educational goals for current inpatient rotations in the areas of the psychiatric interview, diagnosis and formulation, treatment planning, working as a member of a multidisciplinary team, and working with acutely ill and involuntary patients.

The development, implementation, and assessment of an innovative faculty mentoring leadership program.

Effective mentoring is an important component of academic success. Few programs exist to both improve the effectiveness of established mentors and cultivate a multispecialty mentoring community. In 2008, in response to a faculty survey on mentoring, leaders at Brigham and Women's Hospital developed the Faculty Mentoring Leadership Program as a peer learning experience for midcareer and senior faculty physician and scientist mentors to enhance their skills and leadership in mentoring and create a supportive community of mentors.

Poor intentions or poor attention: misrepresentation by applicants to psychiatry residency.

Objective: This study examines the veracity of self-reported data by applicants to psychiatry residency.

Methods: The authors reviewed the reported publications of all applicants to a psychiatry residency training program over a 2-year span.

Results: Nine percent of applicants reporting publications were found to have misrepresented them.

Getting our own house in order: improving psychiatry education to medical students as a prelude to medical school education reform.

Objective: The authors summarize efforts to revitalize psychiatry teaching to medical students at Harvard Medical School (HMS) in advance of a major overhaul of the medical school curriculum.

Methods: This preliminary report chronicles key challenges and the organization of the reform effort within the departments of psychiatry affiliated with the medical school.

Results: Based upon a comprehensive internal review of psychiatric education at the medical school, the HMS Psychiatry Executive Committee and psychiatry faculty concluded that psychiatry teaching was underresourced and lacked cohesion and consistent standards and expectations across clinical sites involved in psychiatry teaching.

Predictors and outcomes of delirium.

Objectives: To determine factors associated with the occurrence of delirium among patients undergoing surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Methods: The sample included all consenting patients who underwent AAA repair during a 12-month period. Before surgery, daily while in hospital, and at 1 and 6 months after surgery, we assessed patients' mood, mental status and functional status.

Nonspecific medication side effects and the nocebo phenomenon.

Patients taking active medications frequently experience adverse, nonspecific side effects that are not a direct result of the specific pharmacological action of the drug. Although this phenomenon is common, distressing, and costly, it is rarely studied and poorly understood. The nocebo phenomenon, in which placebos produce adverse side effects, offers some insight into nonspecific side effect reporting.