Biosecurity risks to human food supply associated with plant-parasitic nematodes.

Biosecurity in agriculture is essential for preventing the introduction and spread of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) which threaten global food security by reducing crop yields and facilitating disease spread. These risks are exacerbated by increased global trade and climate change, which may alter PPN distribution and activity, increasing their impact on agricultural systems. Addressing these challenges is vital to maintaining the integrity of the food supply chain.

Cellular insights of beech leaf disease reveal abnormal ectopic cell division of symptomatic interveinal leaf areas.

The beech leaf disease nematode, Litylenchus crenatae subsp. mccannii, is recognized as a newly emergent nematode species that causes beech leaf disease (BLD) in beech trees (Fagus spp.) in North America.

Reproduction of race 2 on flue-cured tobacco with putative resistance derived from .

Chemical controls for root-knot nematodes are increasingly restricted due to environmental and human health concerns. Host resistance to these nematodes is key to flue-cured tobacco production in Virginia. Resistance to races 1 and 3, and race 1 of is imparted by the gene which is widely available in commercial flue-cured tobacco.

Reproduction of race 2 on Flue-cured tobacco possessing resistance genes Rk1 and/or Rk2.

Resistance to races 1 and 3 and race 1 of is imparted to flue-cured tobacco by the gene race 2 is not controlled by and has become prevalent in Virginia. A second form of resistance effective against , , is also increasingly available commercially. Greenhouse and field trials including a root-knot susceptible cultivar, cultivars homozygous for or , and cultivars possessing both genes were conducted in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the effect of and/or on parasitism and reproduction of race 2.

Cellular and Transcriptional Responses of Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Alfalfa to the Root Lesion Nematode, .

The root lesion nematode (RLN), , is a migratory species that attacks a broad range of crops, including alfalfa. High levels of infection can reduce alfalfa forage yields and lead to decreased cold tolerance. Currently, there are no commercially certified varieties with RLN resistance.

Identification and characterization of the first pectin methylesterase gene discovered in the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans.

Similar to other plant-parasitic nematodes, root lesion nematodes possess an array of enzymes that are involved in the degradation of the plant cell wall. Here we report the identification of a gene encoding a cell wall-degrading enzyme, pectin methylesterase PME (EC 3.1.

Identification of candidate effector genes of Pratylenchus penetrans.

Pratylenchus penetrans is one of the most important species of root lesion nematodes (RLNs) because of its detrimental and economic impact in a wide range of crops. Similar to other plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), P. penetrans harbours a significant number of secreted proteins that play key roles during parasitism.

Characterization of cv. 'Nellie White' Infection with Root-lesion Nematode by Bright-field and Transmission Electron Microscopy.

cv. Nellie White, commonly known as Easter lily, is an important floral crop with an annual wholesale value of over $26 million in the United States. The root-lesion nematode, , is a major pest of lily due to the significant root damage it causes.

The Pratylenchus penetrans Transcriptome as a Source for the Development of Alternative Control Strategies: Mining for Putative Genes Involved in Parasitism and Evaluation of in planta RNAi.

The root lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans is considered one of the most economically important species within the genus. Host range studies have shown that nearly 400 plant species can be parasitized by this species. To obtain insight into the transcriptome of this migratory plant-parasitic nematode, we used Illumina mRNA sequencing analysis of a mixed population, as well as nematode reads detected in infected soybean roots 3 and 7 days after nematode infection.

First insights into the genetic diversity of the pinewood nematode in its native area using new polymorphic microsatellite loci.

The pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, native to North America, is the causative agent of pine wilt disease and among the most important invasive forest pests in the East-Asian countries, such as Japan and China. Since 1999, it has been found in Europe in the Iberian Peninsula, where it also causes significant damage. In a previous study, 94 pairs of microsatellite primers have been identified in silico in the pinewood nematode genome.

Meloidogyne polycephannulata n. sp. (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae), a root-knot nematode parasitizing carrot in Brazil.

Meloidogyne polycephannulata n. sp. is described from specimens collected from an area cultivated with carrot cv.