Amelioration of Anxiety Associated with Opioid Withdrawal by Activation of Spinal Mechanoreceptors Via Novel Heterodyned Whole Body Vibration.

Objectives: Opioid use disorder (OUD)-associated overdose deaths have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. An important driving force for relapse is anxiety associated with opioid withdrawal. We hypothesized that our new technology, termed heterodyned whole-body vibration (HWBV) would ameliorate anxiety associated with OUD.

Improved efficiency of vibration-based sound power computation through multi-layered radiation resistance matrix symmetry.

Computing sound power using complex-valued surface velocities involves using a geometry-dependent acoustic radiation resistance matrix multiplied by a velocity vector to compute sound power for a given frequency range. Using a laser scan grid with constant spacing and a scalar radiator area approximation, a multi-layered Toeplitz symmetry exists in the radiation resistance matrix. An innovative approach was developed to exploit this Toeplitz symmetry.

Mechanical Stimulation Alters Chronic Ethanol-Induced Changes to VTA GABA Neurons, NAc DA Release and Measures of Withdrawal.

Therapeutic activation of mechanoreceptors (MStim) in osteopathy, chiropractic and acupuncture has been in use for hundreds of years with a myriad of positive outcomes. It has been previously shown to modulate the firing rate of neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), an area of interest in alcohol-use disorder (AUD). In this study, we examined the effects of MStim on VTA GABA neuron firing rate, DA release in the NAc, and behavior during withdrawal from chronic EtOH exposure in a rat model.

Vibration-based sound power measurements of arbitrarily curved panels.

Vibration-based sound power (VBSP) measurement methods are appealing because of their potential versatility in application compared to sound pressure and intensity-based methods. It has been understood that VBSP methods have been reliant on the acoustic radiation resistance matrix specific to the surface shape. Expressions for these matrices have been developed and presented in the literature for flat plates, simple-curved plates (constant radius of curvature in one direction), and cylindrical- and spherical-shells.

Effect of Resonant Frequency Vibration on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Resulting Stiffness as Measured by Shear-Wave Elastography.

This study utilized resonant frequency vibration to the upper body to determine changes in pain, stiffness and isometric strength of the biceps brachii after eccentric damage. Thirty-one participants without recent resistance training were randomized into three groups: a Control (C) group and two eccentric exercise groups (No vibration (NV) and Vibration (V)). After muscle damage, participants in the V group received upper body vibration (UBV) therapy for 5 min on days 1-4.

The Effect of Beat Frequency Vibration on Sleep Latency and Neural Complexity: A Pilot Study.

Insomnia affects millions of people worldwide, and non-pharmacological treatment options are limited. A bed excited with multiple vibration sources was used to explore beat frequency vibration (BFV) as a non-pharmacological treatment for insomnia. A repeated measures design pilot study of 14 participants with mild-moderate insomnia symptom severity (self-reported on the Insomnia Severity Index) was conducted to determine the effects of BFV, and traditional standing wave vibration (SWV) on sleep latency and sleep electrocortical activity.

Sound power of vibrating cylinders using the radiation resistance matrix and a laser vibrometer.

Research has shown that using acoustic radiation modes combined with surface velocity measurements provide an accurate method of measuring the radiated sound power from vibrating plates. This paper investigates the extension of this method to acoustically radiating cylindrical structures. The mathematical formulations of the radiation resistance matrix and the accompanying acoustic radiation modes of a baffled cylinder are developed.

Mechanical stimulation of cervical vertebrae modulates the discharge activity of ventral tegmental area neurons and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that mechanical stimulation modulates substrates in the supraspinal central nervous system (CNS) outside the canonical somatosensory circuits.

Objective/methods: We evaluate mechanical stimulation applied to the cervical spine at the C7-T1 level (termed "MStim") on neurons and neurotransmitter release in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, an area implicated in reward and motivation, utilizing electrophysiological, pharmacological, neurochemical and immunohistochemical techniques in Wistar rats.

Results: Low frequency (45-80 Hz), but not higher frequency (115 Hz), MStim inhibited the firing rate of ventral tegmental area (VTA) GABA neurons (52.

Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Flexibility and Stiffness: A Literature Review.

The effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on flexibility and muscle stiffness are focused areas of research. Many studies have been performed over a large range of vibratory conditions and have reported varied results on effectiveness. When reviewing the published literature, it is difficult to track the vibration parameters that have positive effects and which have negative or no effects.

Targeted Subcutaneous Vibration With Single-Neuron Electrophysiology As a Novel Method for Understanding the Central Effects of Peripheral Vibrational Therapy in a Rodent Model.

Very little is known about the effects of whole body vibration on the supraspinal central nervous system. Though much clinical outcome data and mechanistic data about peripheral neural and musculoskeletal mechanisms have been explored, the lack of central understanding is a barrier to evidence-based, best practice guidelines in the use of vibrational therapy. Disparate methods of administration render study to study comparisons difficult.

Active control of simply supported cylindrical shells using the weighted sum of spatial gradients control metric.

It is often desired to reduce sound radiated from cylindrical shells. Active structural acoustic control (ASAC) provides a means of controlling the structural vibration in a manner to efficiently reduce the radiated sound. Previous work has often required a large number of error sensors to reduce the radiated sound power, and the control performance has been sensitive to the location of error sensors.

An analysis of control using the weighted sum of spatial gradients in active structural acoustic control for flat panels.

Active structural acoustic control uses a control metric that when minimized reduces the radiated sound. Previous research has identified the weighted sum of spatial gradients (WSSG) control metric and has shown that it is effective in attenuating the radiated sound power from a plate. The WSSG control metric is computed using weighted measurements of the structural response from four closely spaced accelerometers.

Experimental active structural acoustic control of simply supported plates using a weighted sum of spatial gradients.

A limitation currently facing active structural acoustic control (ASAC) researchers is that an ideal minimization quantity for use in the control algorithms has not been developed. A novel parameter termed the "weighted sum of spatial gradients" (WSSG) was recently developed for use in ASAC and shown to effectively attenuate acoustic radiation from a vibrating flat simply supported plate in computer simulations. This paper extends this research from computer simulations and provides experimental test results.

Comparison of multimicrophone probe design and processing methods in measuring acoustic intensity.

Three multimicrophone probe arrangements used to measure acoustic intensity are the four-microphone regular tetrahedral, the four-microphone orthogonal, and the six-microphone designs. Finite-sum and finite-difference processing methods can be used with such probes to estimate pressure and particle velocity, respectively. A numerical analysis is performed to investigate the bias inherent in each combination of probe design and processing method.

An extended lumped-element model and parameter estimation technique to predict loudspeaker responses with possible surround-dip effects.

Lumped-element models have long been used to estimate the basic vibration and radiation characteristics of moving-coil loudspeakers. The classical low-frequency model combines and simplifies several important driver elements, predicting only a single mechanical resonance wherein the diaphragm (e.g.

Development of a pseudo-uniform structural quantity for use in active structural acoustic control of simply supported plates: an analytical comparison.

Active structural acoustic control has been an area of research and development for over two decades with an interest in searching for an "optimal" error quantity. Current error quantities typically require the use of either a large number of transducers distributed across the entire structure, or a distributed shaped sensor, such as polyvinylidene difluoride. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a control objective function for flat, simply-supported plates that is based on transverse and angular velocity components combined into a single composite structural velocity quantity, termed V(comp).

Comparison of methods for processing acoustic intensity from orthogonal multimicrophone probes.

One design for three-dimensional multimicrophone probes is the four-microphone orthogonal design consisting of one microphone at an origin position with the other three microphones equally spaced along the three coordinate axes. Several distinct processing methods have been suggested for the estimation of active acoustic intensity with the orthogonal probe; however, the relative merits of each method have not been thoroughly studied. This comparative study is an investigation of the errors associated with each method.

Active sound transmission control of a double-panel module using decoupled analog feedback control: experimental results.

Low-frequency sound transmission through passive lightweight partitions often renders them ineffective as means of sound isolation. As a result, researchers have investigated actively controlled lightweight partitions in an effort to remedy this problem. One promising approach involves active segmented partitions (ASPs), in which partitions are segmented into several distinctly controlled modules.

Near-field vector intensity measurements of a small solid rocket motor.

Near-field vector intensity measurements have been made of a 12.7-cm diameter nozzle solid rocket motor. The measurements utilized a test rig comprised of four probes each with four low-sensitivity 6.

A double-panel active segmented partition module using decoupled analog feedback controllers: numerical model.

Low-frequency sound transmission has long plagued the sound isolation performance of lightweight partitions. Over the past 2 decades, researchers have investigated actively controlled structures to prevent sound transmission from a source space into a receiving space. An approach using active segmented partitions (ASPs) seeks to improve low-frequency sound isolation capabilities.

Eigenvalue equalization filtered-x algorithm for the multichannel active noise control of stationary and nonstationary signals.

The FXLMS algorithm, which is extensively used in active noise control, exhibits frequency dependent convergence behavior. This leads to degraded performance for time-varying and multiple frequency signals. A new algorithm called the eigenvalue equalization filtered-x least mean squares (EE-FXLMS) has been developed to overcome this limitation without increasing the computational burden of the controller.

Measurement of sound power and absorption in reverberation chambers using energy density.

Reverberation chamber measurements typically rely upon spatially averaged squared pressure for the calculation of sound absorption, sound power, and other acoustic values. While a reverberation chamber can provide an approximately diffuse sound field, variations in sound pressure consistently produce uncertainty in measurement results. This paper explores the benefits of using total energy density or squared particle velocity magnitude (kinetic energy density) instead of squared pressure (potential energy density) for sound absorption and sound power measurements.