Disparities in Clinical Trial Enrollment and Reporting in Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Demographic Comparison to the National Cancer Database.

Background: Cancer care guidelines based on clinical trial data in homogenous populations may not be applicable to all rectal cancer patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients enrolled in rectal cancer clinical trials (CTs) are representative of United States (U.S.

Primary Colorectal Tumor Location and Predictors for Metastasis to the Brain.

Introduction Although rectal cancer is thought to have a higher rate of metastasis to the brain compared with colon cancer, there is limited and contradictory data on the subject. This study aims to determine the prevalence of brain metastasis for colon and rectal cancers (CRC), and to explore associations and predictors of brain metastasis (BM). Methods The 2010-2016 National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients with stage IV CRC.

Factors Associated with Receipt of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage II Colon Cancer.

Background: The benefits of chemotherapy in stage II colon cancer remain unclear, but it is recommended for high-risk stage II disease. Which patients receive chemotherapy and its impact on survival remains undetermined.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was surveyed between 2004 and 2016 for stage II colon cancer patients.

Sarcopenia in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma: An Opportunity for Preoperative Rehabilitation.

Background: Sarcopenia, defined as low skeletal muscle mass, affects up to 60% of rectal adenocarcinoma patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT), with negative impact on patient outcomes. Identifying modifiable risk factors may decrease morbidity and mortality.

Methods: A retrospective review of rectal cancer patients from a single academic center from 2006 to 2020 was performed.

Could meeting the standards of the National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer in the National Cancer Database improve patient outcomes?

Aim: The National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer (NAPRC) was developed to improve rectal cancer patient outcomes in the United States. The NAPRC consists of a set of process and outcome measures that hospitals must meet in order to be accredited. We aimed to assess the potential of the NAPRC by determining whether achievement of the process measures correlates with improved survival.

Not All Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Benefit From Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Background: While neoadjuvant combined modality therapy (NA-CMT) is beneficial for most patients with locally advanced rectal cancer some patients may experience disease progression during treatment. The purpose of this study is to identify characteristics associated with progression during NA-CMT.

Methods: A single institution retrospective review of patients with stage II-III rectal cancer receiving NA-CMT was conducted from 2008-2019.

The impact of a "Residents as Teachers" Workshop at one year follow-up.

Introduction: "Residents as Teachers" (RaT) Workshops have been implemented in many General Surgery residency programs to improve resident teaching ability. The aim of this project was to assess whether there was significant degradation of teaching skills and knowledge one year after a RaT workshop.

Methods: A 4-h interactive workshop was delivered at an academic general surgery residency program.

Lymph node yield after rectal resection is a predictor of survival among patients with node-negative rectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pathologic review of at least 12 lymph nodes is recommended by the American Joint Committee on Cancer following surgical resection of rectal cancer. However, implications of lymph node yield on prognosis are unclear. This study evaluates the impact of lymph node yield on survival among pathologic node-negative patients who received appropriate neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

General Surgery Residents' Retention of Knowledge After an Anorectal Skills Workshop.

Introduction: Studies have demonstrated suboptimal resident exposure to anorectal pathology. A workshop was developed at an academic general surgery residency. This study assesses durability of learning from the workshop.

Evaluation of Demographics and Management of Rectal Cancer by Age Group: A Retrospective Propensity Matched Cohort Analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Background Data suggests there are demographic and biological differences in colon cancer between young and typical-onset patients. However, it is unclear if these differences persist in rectal cancer patients, exclusive of colon cancer. This is a retrospective review of a large national database to evaluate age-based differences in demographics, tumor features, and treatment among patients with rectal adenocarcinoma.

Predictors of curative-intent oncologic management among patients with stage IV rectal cancer.

Background: Management of stage IV rectal adenocarcinoma is categorized into curative and palliative-intent strategies. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of and associations with curative-intent treatment in stage IV rectal cancer.

Methods: The National Cancer Database from 2010 to 2016 was queried for patients with stage IV rectal adenocarcinoma and were grouped into curative-intent and non-curative management.

Neoadjuvant radiation above NCCN guidelines for rectal cancer is associated with age under 50 and early clinical stage.

Introduction: Recent data suggest patients with early-onset rectal cancer (EORC) receive neoadjuvant radiation above recommended doses without oncologic benefit. The use of excessive radiation may lead to worse outcomes and patient harm. We sought to evaluate predictors of aggressive neoadjuvant radiation (A-XRT) use in EORC patients and compare this to late-onset rectal cancer (LORC) patients.

Intimate Partner Violence Among Surgeons: We are Not Immune.

Objective: The incidence and risk factors for IPV are not well-studied among surgeons. We sought to fill this gap in knowledge by surveying surgeons to estimate the incidence and identify risk factors associated with IPV.

Summary Of Background Data: An estimated 36.

Where is the leak in the surgeon pipeline?

Introduction: In order to care for an increasingly diverse population, the surgical workforce must improve in gender, racial, and ethnic diversity. We aim to identify deficiencies in the surgical pipeline.

Methods: Data from the United States Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and Association of American Medical Colleges were collected from 2004 to 2018, and evaluated for changing population over time.

Primary tumor location impacts survival in colorectal cancer patients after resection of liver metastases.

Background And Objectives: Right-sided colon cancers (R-CC) are associated with worse outcomes compared to left-sided colon cancers (L-CC). We hypothesize that R-CC with synchronous liver metastases who undergo resection of primary and metastatic sites have worse survival and that survival will vary significantly among R-CC, L-CC, and rectal cancer (ReC).

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2016 was used to identify colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases who underwent surgical resection of both primary and metastatic disease.

Sarcopenia is associated with worse overall survival in patients with anal squamous cell cancer.

Background And Objectives: Sarcopenia is associated with poor long-term outcomes in many gastrointestinal cancers, but its role in anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is not defined. We hypothesized that patients with sarcopenic ASCC experience worse long-term outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with ASCC treated at an academic medical center from 2006 to 2017 was performed.

Force Comparison of Commercially Available Transfascial Suture Passers.

Background: Transfascial suture passers (TSPs) are a commonly used surgical tool available in a wide array of tip configurations. We assessed the insertion force of various TSPs in an ex vivo porcine model.

Methods: Uniform sections of porcine abdominal wall were secured to a 3D-printed platform.