Fracture risk of tapered modular revision stems: a failure analysis.

Fractures of well-ingrown femoral components are a rare and often challenging complication after revision total hip arthroplasty. Prior series have documented catastrophic failure at the modular junction of revision femoral components. However, to the authors' knowledge, there has been only 1 report of a mid-stem fracture of a modular tapered revision stem.

Venous Hemodynamics After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Comparison Between Portable vs Stationary Pneumatic Compression Devices and the Effect of Body Position.

Background: Improvements in device design have allowed for portable pneumatic compression devices (PPCDs). However, portability results in smaller pumps that move less blood. Additionally, although patients often stand when wearing PPCDs, few studies have evaluated the hemodynamic effects of PCDs while standing.

Stratifying empiric risk of schizophrenia among first degree relatives using multiple predictors in two independent Indian samples.

Background: Schizophrenia (SZ) has an estimated heritability of 64-88%, with the higher values based on twin studies. Conventionally, family history of psychosis is the best individual-level predictor of risk, but reliable risk estimates are unavailable for Indian populations. Genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors are equally important and should be considered when predicting risk in 'at risk' individuals.

Preoperative patient-reported scores can predict postoperative outcomes after shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Total shoulder arthroplasty and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty are increasingly used to improve pain and function in patients with glenohumeral arthritis or cuff tear arthropathy. Our objective was to determine if preoperative patient-reported outcome measures predict which patients will achieve clinically meaningful improvements after shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods: Preoperative and 1-year postoperative 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) pain and function scores were prospectively collected from 107 patients who underwent total or reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Can Preoperative Patient-reported Outcome Measures Be Used to Predict Meaningful Improvement in Function After TKA?

Background: Despite the overall effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), a subset of patients do not experience expected improvements in pain, physical function, and quality of life as documented by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), which assess a patient's physical and emotional health and pain. It is therefore important to develop preoperative tools capable of identifying patients unlikely to improve by a clinically important margin after surgery.

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study was to determine if an association exists between preoperative PROM scores and patients' likelihood of experiencing a clinically meaningful change in function 1 year after TKA.

John Charnley Award: Preoperative Patient-reported Outcome Measures Predict Clinically Meaningful Improvement in Function After THA.

Background: Despite the overall effectiveness of total hip arthroplasty (THA), a subset of patients remain dissatisfied with their results because of persistent pain or functional limitations. It is therefore important to develop predictive tools capable of identifying patients at risk for poor outcomes before surgery.

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study was to use preoperative patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) scores to predict which patients undergoing THA are most likely to experience a clinically meaningful change in functional outcome 1 year after surgery.

Biomechanics of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is an effective procedure for treatment of glenohumeral joint disease among patients with severe rotator cuff deficiency. Improvements in prosthetic design are the result of an evolved understanding of both shoulder and joint replacement biomechanics. Although modern generations of the reverse shoulder prosthesis vary in specific design details, they continue to adhere to Grammont's core principles demonstrated by his original Delta III prosthesis.

Anterior temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy for mesial temporal sclerosis: predictors of long-term seizure control.

Object: In this paper the authors' goal was to identify preoperative variables that predict long-term seizure freedom among patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) after single-stage anterior temporal lobectomy and amygdalohippocampectomy (ATL-AH).

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed 116 consecutive patients (66 females, mean age at surgery 40.7 years) with refractory seizures and pathologically confirmed MTS who underwent ATL-AH with at least 2 years of follow-up.

Discriminative validity of the Scoliosis Research Society 22 questionnaire among five curve-severity subgroups of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

Background Context: Previous studies of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) 22 discriminative validity have lacked sufficiently matched study groups and were limited to a comparison with three or fewer subgroups of disease severity.

Purpose: To evaluate the discriminative validity of SRS-22 by assessing the questionnaire's ability to discriminate among five groups of pretreatment adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with increasing curve severity.

Study Design: Retrospective review of prospectively administered surveys.

Extraventricular subependymal giant cell tumor in a child with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Subependymal giant cell tumors (SGCTs) are observed in 5-20% of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) but account for approximately 25% of neurological morbidity. The authors report the case of a 7-year-old girl with TSC and multiple cortical tubers who presented with worsening seizures in the context of the rapid growth of a cystic, calcified, extraventricular SGCT in the right frontal lobe, initially thought to represent a cortical tuber. The tumor and surrounding tubers were excised, and clinical seizures resolved.