Pathophysiology and Prevention of Manual-Ventilation-Induced Lung Injury (MVILI).

Manual ventilation, most commonly with a bag-valve mask, is a form of short-term ventilation used during resuscitative efforts in emergent and out-of-hospital scenarios. However, compared to mechanical ventilation, manual ventilation is an operator-dependent skill that is less well controlled and is highly subject to providing inappropriate ventilation to the patient. This article first reviews recent manual ventilation guidelines set forth by the American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council for providing appropriate manual ventilation parameters (e.

Impaired Peripheral Vascular Function Following Ischemic Stroke in Mice: Potential Insights into Blood Pressure Variations in the Post-Stroke Patient.

High systolic blood pressure and increased blood pressure variability after the onset of ischemic stroke are associated with poor clinical outcomes. One of the key determinants of blood pressure is arteriolar size, determined by vascular smooth muscle tone and vasodilatory and vasoconstrictor substances that are released by the endothelium. The aim of this study is to outline alterations in vasomotor function in isolated peripheral arteries following ischemic stroke.

Clinical outcomes of DEB-TACE in locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A 5-year real world experience.

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes including safety and efficacy of drug-eluting bead trans-arterial chemo-embolization (DEB-TACE) in the treatment of locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (LA-HCC).

Materials And Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study, we evaluated 471 consecutive patients with LA-HCC who underwent DEB-TACE from 2015 to 2020. Efficacy of DEB-TACE was assessed based on the imaging response using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) and the biochemical response using alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels at 1-month follow-up.

The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Upper Mississippi River Basin-St. Paul.

The Soil and Water Management Research Unit of the USDA-Agricultural Research Service is located in St. Paul, MN, and conducts long-term research at the University of Minnesota Research and Outreach Center located at Rosemount, MN. As part of USDA's Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network, the croplands common experiment (CCE) at this location is focused on integration of a kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M.

STABILITY (Symptomatic Review during Biologic Therapy) of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Receiving Infusion Therapy Improves Clinical Outcomes.

Several studies have correlate improved patient outcomes with increased physician-patient contacts, particularly in chronic diseases. Extending this approach to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care presents a promising means of improving outcomes. At LSU Health Shreveport (LSUHS), a new approach called "STABILITY" (Symptomatic Review during Biologic Therapy) was implemented during infusion therapy visits for IBD patients.

Distraction Enterogenesis in Rats: A Novel Approach for the Treatment of Short Bowel Syndrome.

Background: Surgeons often encounter patients with intestinal failure due to inadequate intestinal length ("short bowel syndrome"/SBS). Treatment in these patients remains challenging and the process of physiologic adaptation may take years to complete, which frequently requires parenteral nutrition. We propose a proof-of-concept mechanical bowel elongation approach using a self-expanding prototype of an intestinal expansion sleeve (IES) for use in SBS to accelerate the adaptation process.

Inhibition of GSK3α,β rescues cognitive phenotypes in a preclinical mouse model of CTNNB1 syndrome.

CTNNB1 syndrome is a rare monogenetic disorder caused by CTNNB1 de novo pathogenic heterozygous loss-of-function variants that result in cognitive and motor disabilities. Treatment is currently lacking; our study addresses this critical need. CTNNB1 encodes β-catenin which is essential for normal brain function via its dual roles in cadherin-based synaptic adhesion complexes and canonical Wnt signal transduction.

Reply to Singh, G.D. Comment on "Dao et al. Retrospective Analysis of Real-World Data for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Slow Maxillary Expansion Using a Unique Expansion Dental Appliance (DNA). 2023, , 199-208".

In response to the commentary "Response to 'Retrospective analysis of real-world data for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with slow maxillary expansion'" [...

Retrospective Analysis of Real-World Data for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Slow Maxillary Expansion Using a Unique Expansion Dental Appliance (DNA).

In addition to mandibular advancement devices, dental expansion appliances are an important clinical approach for achieving an increased intra-oral space that promotes airflow and lessens the frequency or severity of apneic events in patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It has been thought that dental expansion in adults must be preceded by oral surgery; however, in this paper, we examine the results of a new technique for slow maxillary expansion without any surgical procedures. The palatal expansion device, DNA (Daytime-Nighttime Appliance), was reviewed in this retrospective study, particularly regarding its effects on measurements of transpalatal width, airway volume, and apnea-hypopnea indices (AHI) as well as its common modalities and complications.

Clinical Outcomes of DEB-TACE in Hepatic Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A 5-Year Single-Institutional Experience.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate single-institution outcomes of drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) in the treatment of locally advanced neuroendocrine tumor (NET) hepatic metastases with a focus on safety and efficacy of treatment.

Materials And Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study of the outcomes of consecutive patients with NELM who underwent DEB-TACE between 2014 and 2019 was performed. Clinicopathologic characteristics, radiologic response (modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) at 1-month follow-up, adverse events, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival were calculated.

Effects of late-season sheep grazing following early-season steer grazing on population dynamics of sericea lespedeza in the Kansas Flint Hills.

Mature ewes were used in a 4-yr study to evaluate effects of intensive late-season sheep grazing on vigor of sericea lespedeza in native tallgrass prairie. Pastures ( = 8; 31 ± 3.6 ha) infested with sericea lespedeza (initial basal frequency = 1.

'Distraction Vaginogenesis': Preliminary Results Using a Novel Method for Vaginal Canal Expansion in Rats.

Vaginal atresia is seen in genetic disorders such as Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, which can cause significant sexual dysfunction. Current treatments include surgical reconstruction or mechanical dilation of the vaginal canal. Mechanical dilation requires patients to be highly motivated and compliant while surgical reconstruction has high rates of complications.

Applications of acellular human amniotic membrane in regenerative medicine.

The human amniotic membrane (hAM) surrounds and protects the fetus. It mainly consists of a thick basement membrane and an avascular stromal matrix. The structural, physical, and biological properties of AM make it a wonderful choice to use in regenerative medicine applications.

Dysregulated Sulfide Metabolism in Multiple Sclerosis: Serum and Vascular Endothelial Inflammatory Responses.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of neurodegenerative disability in younger individuals. When diagnosed early, MS can be managed more effectively, stabilizing clinical symptoms and delaying disease progression. The identification of specific serum biomarkers for early-stage MS could facilitate more successful treatment of this condition.

SLAMF1 is expressed and secreted by hepatocytes and the liver in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent forms of chronic liver disease in the United States and worldwide. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the most advanced form of NAFLD, is characterized by hepatic steatosis associated with inflammation and hepatocyte death. No treatments are currently available for NASH other than lifestyle changes, and the disease lacks specific biomarkers.

Clinical Presentation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in African Americans vs. Caucasians: A Retrospective Analysis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains an important form of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in the U.S. and worldwide.

Candesartan Normalizes Changes in Retinal Blood Flow and p22phox in the Diabetic Rat Retina.

Angiotensin II has been implicated in the progression of diabetic retinopathy, which is characterized by altered microvasculature, oxidative stress, and neuronal dysfunction. The signaling induced by angiotensin II can occur not only via receptor-mediated calcium release that causes vascular constriction, but also through a pathway whereby angiotensin II activates NADPH oxidase to elicit the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the current study, we administered the angiotensin II receptor antagonist candesartan (or vehicle, in untreated animals) in a rat model of type 1 diabetes in which hyperglycemia was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ).

An international analysis evaluating frontline bendamustine with rituximab in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma.

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) is a heterogeneous non-Hodgkin lymphoma. No consensus exists regarding the standard-of-care in patients with advanced-stage disease. Current recommendations are largely adapted from follicular lymphoma, for which bendamustine with rituximab (BR) is an established approach.

The Role of the ACE2/MasR Axis in Ischemic Stroke: New Insights for Therapy.

Ischemic stroke remains the leading cause of neurologically based morbidity and mortality. Current stroke treatment is limited to two classes of FDA-approved drugs: thrombolytic agents (tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)) and antithrombotic agents (aspirin and heparin), which have a narrow time-window (<4.5 h) for administration after onset of stroke symptoms.

Effects of prescribed fire timing on vigor of the invasive forb sericea lespedeza (), total forage biomass accumulation, plant-community composition, and native fauna on tallgrass prairie in the Kansas Flint Hills.

The predominant grazing-management practice of the Kansas Flint Hills involves annual prescribed burning in March or April with postfire grazing by yearling beef cattle at a high stocking density from April to August. There has been a dramatic increase in sericea lespedeza ( [Dumont] G. Don) coincident with this temporally focused use of prescribed fire in the Flint Hills region.

Human placenta mesenchymal stem cell protection in ischemic stroke is angiotensin converting enzyme-2 and masR receptor-dependent.

Thromboembolic stroke remains a major cause of neurological disability and death. Current stroke treatments (aspirin, tissue plasminogen activator) are significantly limited by timing and risks for hemorrhage which have driven researchers to explore other approaches. Stem cell-based therapy appears to be an effective option for ischemic stroke.

Risk Stratification in Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: How Do Procedures, Patient Characteristics and Clinical Indicators Influence Outcomes?

Background: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) remains common, and severe complications are associated with ERCP. There is no previous study detailing the effect of race and gender in a US-based population on risk of PEP.

Methods: Data were collected on 269 "first-performed" consecutive ERCPs followed by division by race (White vs.

Nanoparticle-Encapsulated Bryostatin-1 Activates α-Secretase and PKC Isoforms In vitro and Facilitates Acquisition and Retention of Spatial Learning in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models have revealed neuroprotective actions of Bryostatin-1 mediated by activation of novel PKC isoforms, suppression of beta-amyloid and downregulation of inflammatory and angiogenic events, making Bryostatin-1 an attractive candidate for attenuating AD-associated neural, vascular, and cognitive disturbances.

Objective: To further enhance Bryostatin-1 efficacy, nanoparticle-encapsulated Bryostatin-1 formulations were prepared.

Methods: We compared nano-encapsulated and unmodified Bryostatin-1 in in vitro models of neuronal PKC-d, PKC-e isoforms, α-secretase and studied nano-encapsulated Bryostatin-1 in an AD mouse model of spatial memory (BC3-Tg (APPswe, PSEN1 dE9) 85Dbo/J mice).