Real time continuous glucose monitoring in high-risk people with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial.

Aims: To investigate the impact of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) on glycaemia in a predominantly indigenous (Māori) population of adults with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes (T2D) in New Zealand.

Methods: Twelve-week, multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) of adults with T2D using ≥0.2 units/kg/day of insulin and elevated glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥64 mmol/mol (8.

Occupational Performance Coaching for Children With Neurodisability: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.

Occupational Performance Coaching (OPC) is a goal-oriented approach in which client agency takes precedence in goal selection, analysis, choice of action, and evaluation of success. The intended outcomes of OPC are improved occupational performance and participation in clients' life situations. Randomized clinical trials are needed to determine the effectiveness of OPC.

Fear avoidance and return to work after mild traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: Fear avoidance is associated with symptom persistence after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). In this study, we investigated whether fear avoidance was associated with other outcomes such as return to work-related activity (RTW).

Materials And Methods: We analyzed associations between fear avoidance and RTW 6-9 months after mTBI, in two merged prospective mTBI cohorts.

Extended Use of an Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery System in Children and Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: The 24-Week Continuation Phase Following the CREATE Randomized Controlled Trial.

To assess long-term efficacy and safety of open-source automated insulin delivery (AID) in children and adults (7-70 years) with type 1 diabetes. Both arms of a 24-week randomized controlled trial comparing open-source AID (OpenAPS algorithm within a modified version of AndroidAPS, preproduction DANA-i™ insulin pump, Dexcom G6 continuous glucose monitor) with sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAPT), entered a 24-week continuation phase where the SAPT arm (termed SAPT-AID) crossed over to join the open-source AID arm (termed AID-AID). Most participants (69/94) used a preproduction YpsoPump insulin pump during the continuation phase.

Inequity in access to continuous glucose monitoring and health outcomes in paediatric diabetes, a case for national continuous glucose monitoring funding: A cross-sectional population study of children with type 1 diabetes in New Zealand.

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves glycaemia for people affected by type 1 diabetes (T1D), but is not funded in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This study explores the impact of non-funded CGM on equity of access and associated glycaemic outcomes.

Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study collected socio-demographic (age, gender, prioritised ethnicity, socioeconomic status) and clinical data from all regional diabetes centres in New Zealand with children <15 years with T1D as of 1st October 2021.

Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Open-source automated insulin delivery (AID) systems are used by many patients with type 1 diabetes. Data are needed on the efficacy and safety of an open-source AID system.

Methods: In this multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned patients with type 1 diabetes in a 1:1 ratio to use an open-source AID system or a sensor-augmented insulin pump (control).

Predicting regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 in women under 25 years.

Background: A number of retrospective and prospective studies have documented substantial rates of regression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 lesions in young women. Initial observational management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 is increasingly accepted as appropriate for women under 25 years of age with screen-detected abnormalities and is included in a number of clinical guidelines. However, there has been a paucity of large prospective studies on observational management with strict inclusion criteria.

Nortriptyline for pain in knee osteoarthritis: a double-blind randomised controlled trial in New Zealand general practice.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common cause of chronic pain. Analgesics that are currently available have limited efficacy and may be poorly tolerated. Tricyclic antidepressants are used as analgesics for other chronic conditions, but they have not been evaluated as analgesics in OA.

Evaluation of guidelines for observational management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 in young women.

Background: A high rate of regression in young women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 has been recorded. However, there are few prospective data by which to evaluate management guidelines.

Objective: This study evaluates the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology recommendations for follow-up of young women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 using data created by a large prospective multicenter study of observational management.

Impact of human papillomavirus vaccination on rates of abnormal cervical cytology and histology in young New Zealand women.

Aim: Determine the impact of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on abnormal cervical cytology and histology rates in young New Zealand women.

Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study of women born 1990-1994, with a cervical cytology or histology recorded when aged 20-24 between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2015. Data was obtained through linking the National Immunisation Register and National Cervical Screening Programme Register.

Why Women Might Choose a Career in Pediatric Surgery and Ensuring There Are No Impediments to Selecting the Best.

Introduction:  Although pediatric surgery in Australasia has a higher proportion of women than any other surgical specialty, women remain underrepresented. There is concern that residual impediments may still deter women from choosing this specialty as a career option.

Materials And Methods:  A survey of years 2 to 6 medical students, with focused analysis on those who selected pediatric surgery as their most (or least) attractive surgical specialty and the characteristics they deemed important when considering a surgical career.

Changes in human papillomavirus genotypes associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 lesions in a cohort of young women (2013-2016).

In 2008, a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (genotypes 6, 11, 16, 18) became available in New Zealand. This study investigated whether the proportion of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) lesions associated with HPV genotypes 16 and 18 changed over time in young women recruited to a prospective CIN2 observational management trial (PRINCess) between 2013 and 2016. Partial HPV genotyping (16, 18, or other high risk HPV) was undertaken on n = 392 women under 25 years (mean age 21.

Development and Validation of a Predictive Model to Aid in the Management of Intact Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Objective/background: Predicting outcomes prior to elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (AAA) requires critical decision making, as the treatment offered is a prophylactic procedure to prevent death from a ruptured AAA. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a model that may predict outcomes for patients with an AAA and hence aid in clinical decision making.

Methods: A discrete event simulation model was built to simulate the natural history of a patient with an AAA and to predict the 30 day and 2-5 year survival of patients undergoing treatment and surveillance.

Antenatal haemoglobin A1c centiles: does one size fit all?

Background: In New Zealand, haemoglobin A1c measurements are routinely offered at booking, preferably before 20 weeks gestation, to detect pre-existing hyperglycaemia. A haemoglobin A1c <5.9% (41 mmol/mol) is considered normal based on the reference range for the non-pregnant population.

Survival Disparity Following Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair Highlights Inequality in Ethnic and Socio-economic Status.

Objectives: Socio-economic status (SES) and ethnicity have been reported as markers influencing the likelihood of increased mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate how SES and ethnicity impacted patient survival after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing open and endovascular AAA repair during a 14.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms and FODMAP Intake of Aged-Care Residents from Christchurch, New Zealand.

Studies on fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides as well as polyols (FODMAPs) intake in older adults are lacking. This study investigated the relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and FODMAPs in aged care residents. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Score questionnaire modified for patients with IBS (GSRS-IBS) was used to identify participants with IBS-like symptoms.

Deaths from Opioid Overdosing: Implications of Coroners' Inquest Reports 2008-2012 and Annual Rise in Opioid Prescription Rates: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Introduction: In the late 1990s multiple physicians and advocacy organizations promoted increased use of opioids for the treatment of acute, chronic and cancer pain. There has been an exponential growth in opioid prescribing in the last 20 years in the United States of America, in Australia, and in other developed Western countries. There are negative consequences associated with the liberal use of opioids.

Does the diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysm influence late survival following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Studies reporting the influence of preoperative abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter on late survival following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair have not been consistent.

Aim: To report the influence of abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter on overall long-term survival following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Methods: Embase, Medline and the Cochrane electronic databases were searched to identify articles reporting the influence of abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter on late survival following open aneurysm repair and endovascular aneurysm repair published up to April 2015.

Management of Modifiable Vascular Risk Factors Improves Late Survival following Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The main determinants of survival following abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair are preexisting risk factors rather than the method of repair chosen. The main aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of modifiable risk factors on late survival following AAA repair.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched to identify all relevant articles reporting the influence of modifiable risk factors on long-term survival (≥1 year) following elective open aneurysm repair and endovascular aneurysm repair.

Nortriptyline in knee osteoarthritis (NortIKA Study): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of pain and disability. Currently available analgesics are often insufficiently effective or have unacceptable adverse effects. Tricyclic antidepressants may offer a useful centrally-acting analgesic.

Depression in patients with alcohol use disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes for independent and substance-induced disorders.

Background: In patients with an alcohol use disorder, depression is commonly categorised as independent (ID) or substance-induced (SID). It is not established whether these conditions respond differently to treatment.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases from 1980 to 2014 were searched for studies on alcohol use disorders with coexisting depressive symptoms.